十七世纪意大利经济衰落的原因探析

意大利地区是世界近代史上最早出现资本主义萌芽的地区之一。到十七世纪,意大利进入经济结构调整期。纺织业的衰落、农业艰难的复兴、城乡经济的对立以及人口增长缓慢使意大利的近代化进程落后于同时期的西欧诸国,进而使其丧失了地中海贸易的中心地位。     

一种认知无线电频谱检测新算法

认知无线电（cognitive radio,CR）是一种革命性智能频谱共享技术,可显著提高频谱使用率．该文提出一种基于似然比判决的协同频谱检测算法用于多用户认知无线电系统的主用户检测．该算法特别考虑了主用户和多个认知用户之间不同的信道衰落和路径衰减状况,并根据最优的似然比判决法组建数学模型,保证了检测算法的高度精确性．随后,对相关参数进行了合理简化,降低了算法复杂性．实验表明,该文算法拥有非常高的检测精度,复杂度也不高,能够更加有效地服务于实际的认知无线电系统．     

一种能量有效的认知无线电信道搜索机制研究

针对当前认知无线电中频谱搜索机制在能量有效方面的不足,提出了一种在瑞利衰落条件下基于部分可测马尔科夫决策过程(POMDP)的多无线电信道搜索机制MRCSS.该机制通过对瑞利衰落环境中信道状态建立POMDP模型来分析和推导出能效最佳信道,并以此指导用户的信道选择.仿真结果表明该机制能较传统搜索机制更有效地减少感知时间和节...     

Performance and EXIT analysis of parallel concatenated space time trellis codes

Space time trellis coding (STTC) techniques have been proposed to achieve both diversity and coding gains in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) fading channels. But with more transmit antennas STTCs suffer from the design difficulty and complexity increasing. This paper proposes a scheme, named parallel concatenated space time trellis codes (PC-STTC), to achieve the tradeoff between the performances and complexity of STTCs for a large number of transmit antennas. Simulation results and complexity comparison are provided to demonstrate the performance and superiority of the proposed scheme over conventional schemes in fast fading channels in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions. And an EXIT (extrinsic information transform) chart is given to analyze the iterative convergence of the proposed scheme. It shows that PC-STTC has better iterative convergence in low SNR regions.     

基于编码的OFDM系统性能仿真

OFDM在多径衰落信道中,一些子载波由于深衰落会完全被丢失,从而影响整个系统的误码性能.因此,必须将OFDM系统与信道编码结合起来以提高整系统的误码性能.构建了基于编码的OFDM仿真系统,通过仿真比较了基于LDPC码、乘积积累码(PA)和卷积码的OFDM系统在多径衰落信道下的BER性能.研究了信道块衰落长度与编码性能之间的关系,仿真结果分析表明,LDPC码和PA码在不引入交织的情况下,均可获得比引入交织的卷积码更大的性能增益,表明LDPC码和PA码在无线信道环境下具有很好的适应性.     

Performance analysis of Turbo-Codes in communication channels with impulsive noise

Performance of Turbo-Codes in communication channels with impulsive noise is analyzed. First, mathematical model of impulsive noise is presented because it has non-Gaussian nature and is found in many wireless channels due to impulsive phenomena of radio-frequency interference. Then, with linear Log-MAP decoding algorithm for its low complexity, Turbo-Codes are adopted and analyzed in such communication channels. To confirm the performance of the proposed method, simulations on both static and fully interleaved fiat Rayleigh fading channels with impulsive noise have been carried out. It is shown that Turbo-Codes have a better performance than the conventional methods (e.g. convolutionally coded system).     

一种新的跳频宽带瑞利衰落信道模型

针对跳频宽带瑞利衰落信道,提出了一种新的基于莱斯正弦和的仿真模型。该仿真模型能在保持其它参数不变的条件下,通过仿真模型相位的跳变来模拟物理信道频率的跳变。由于该仿真模型中的所有参数都存在着闭合的表达式,所以能对仿真模型的相关特性进行研究。理论分析和仿真表明,该仿真模型在低计算复杂度的条件下与参考模型在相关特性方面存在着极好的吻合。     

频率选择性衰落信道中的时间反转正交空时分组码设计

针对空时分组码在频率选择性衰落信道中误码率性能损失严重的问题,提出了一种时间反转坐标交织正交码设计方案(TR-CIOD).先将空时码的部分传输数据进行时间反转,按照特定数据格式改变符号时序进行传输,然后利用正交空时分组码等效信道矩阵的正交性和循环矩阵的乘法特性,在接收端进行空时匹配滤波.TR-CIOD方案能够降低符号间干扰对数据传输的影响,在保证获得空时码多天线分集增益的同时,还能有效合并信道多径,获得多径分集增益.仿真结果表明,在2径信道、误码率为10-5时,TR-CIOD方案比平坦信道中的坐标交织正交码设计方案的信噪比增益提高了5.5 dB.     

Hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for MIMO-OFDM systems

Abstract: A hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and arbitrary Doppler spread scenarios is proposed. Motivated by the dissatisfactory performance of the optimal pilots (OPs) designed under static channels over multiple OFDM symbols imposed by fast fading channels, the proposed scheme first assumes that the virtual pilot tones superimposed at data locations over specific subcarriers are transmitted from all antennas, then the virtual received pilot signals at the corresponding locations can be obtained by making full use of the time and frequency domain correlations of the frequency responses of the time varying dispersive fading channels and the received signals at pilot subcarriers, finally the channel parameters are derived from the combination of the real and virtual received pilot signals over one OFDM symbol based on least square (LS) criterion. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed method is insensitive to Doppler spread and can effectively ameliorate the mean square error (MSE) floor inherent to the previous method, meanwhile its performance outmatches that of OPs at low SNR region under static channels.     

移动图像通信系统卷积码的位交织方案性能研究

采用(2,1,3)卷积码结合一种新的交织方案:位交织方案作为抗干扰措施,模拟并讨论了标准灰度图像的数据在相同调制方式、不同车速的移动衰落信道中的抗干扰问题,且与周期交织方案的结果做了比较.模拟结果表明:卷积码更适合于快车速环境中图像数据的传输.周期交织方案不适合于卷积码,而采用位交织方案的(2,1,3)卷积码可明显改善图像质量,大大提高了快衰落移动信道环境中图像通信系统的可靠性.