Co（Ⅱ）对青霉素酰化酶的激活作用

文中报道Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）对巨大芽孢杆菌青霉素酰化酶的激活作用。并用荧光光谱法对其可能的机理进行了研究。结果表明：Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）对青霉素酰化酶具有荧光猝来作用，但并没有引起整个酶分子空间构象的变化，而是与活性部位的某些基团发生了络合作用，有利于底物的诱导契合从而引起酶活力的提高。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌cry1I基因沉默的研究

分析了苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt)cry1和cry1I基因的保守区,在cry1类基因的下游和cry1I基因的上游设计了一对通用引物,用于检测cry1I与cry1类基因的连锁现象.从鉴定的142株Bt分离株中,PCR扩增发现71株出现约1.4kb的阳性带,说明这一现象广泛存在于Bt菌株中.在此基础上用pGEM-T Easy载体克隆了菌株Bt07和J8中的连锁序列,序列分析表明,Bt07中是cry1I基因与cry1Db基因连锁,间隔区为504bp;J8中是cry1Ia基因与cry1Ac基因连锁,间隔区为506bp.进一步比较间隔区序列,同源性达93.7%,同时含有多个原核生物终止序列,且未发现启动子序列,揭示了这两个菌株中cry1I基因沉默的成因.     

医学微生物学某些术语的汉译名称之商榷

医学微生物学存在一些科技术语的汉译名称不统一。文章就沙门氏菌属、耶尔森氏菌属、埃希氏菌属、志贺氏菌属、奈瑟氏菌属、布鲁氏菌属、克雷伯氏菌属、立克次氏体属、芽孢杆菌属、枝原体属等菌属名称,肥达氏试验、革兰氏染色、革兰氏阳性菌、细菌芽孢、非典型性肺炎和SARS、“病原生物学”等微生物学术语,进行了研讨和提议。     

蜡状芽孢杆菌对番茄青枯雷尔氏菌致病性的影响

青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）从其致病性上可分为能使植株发病的强致病力菌株和不能使植株发病的弱致病力菌株．利用蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）与致病性稳定的青枯雷尔氏菌强致病力菌株进行共培养，处理后的青枯雷尔氏菌在TTC平板上表现为弱毒株的菌落特征，出现了致弱现象．经过16S rDNA基因序列测定，证明了用蜡状芽孢杆菌处理前后的菌株为青枯雷尔氏菌，并非是其它的污染菌株，通过回接番茄盆栽苗发现致弱前的青枯雷尔氏菌能有效引起番茄发生青枯病，而致弱后的菌株丧失致病力．不能引起番茄发病，     

2,3-Dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase gene was first discovered in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3

Bacterium strain PJ3,isolated from wastewater and identified as Arthrobacter sp. bacterium based on its 16S rDNA gene,could use carbazole as the sole carbon,nitrogen and energy source. The genomic library of strain PJ3 was constructed and a positive clone JM109(pUCW402) was screened out for the expression of dioxygenase by the ability to form yellow ring-fission product. A 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase(23DHBD) gene of 933 bp was found in the 3360 bp exogenous fragment of pUCW402 by GenSCAN software and BLAST analysis. The phylogenetic analysis showed that 23DHBD from strain PJ3 formed a deep branch separate from a cluster containing most known 23DHBD in GenBank. Southern hybridization confirmed for the first time that the 23DHBD gene was from the genomic DNA of Arthrobacter sp. PJ3. In order to test the gene function,recombinant bacterium BL21(pETW-8) was constructed to express 23DHBD. The expression level in BL21(pETW-8) was highest compared with the recombinant bacteria JM109(pUCW402) and strain PJ3. We observed that 23DHBD was not absolute specific. The enzyme activity was higher with 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl as a substrate than with catechol. The substrate specificity assay suggested that 23DHBD was essential for cleavage of bi-cyclic aromatic compounds during the course of aromatic compound biodegradation in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3.     

枯草芽孢杆菌防治作物病害的研究进展

随着生命科学的兴起,人们对枯草芽孢杆菌的认识也会更加深刻。作为拮抗微生物,枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)已在1998年即作为农药登记,被用于防治几种作物病害。文章则主要介绍枯草芽孢杆菌在防治作物病害的应用和发展。     

Modification of the rib operon derived from Bacillus subtilis and its expression in Escherichia coli

A riboflavin operon （rib operon） derived from Bacillus subtilis 368 was modified on structure and the resulting operons were expressed in various strains of Escherichia coli. The results showed that the optimization of the rib operon and the host strain used for expression are two main factors affecting the riboflavin production. Replacing the promoterl and rfn box of the rib operon with a strong constructive promoter spol drastically increased the expression of the rib genes. When E. coli JM109 was used as the host strain, the highest riboflavin production reached 95.3μg/mL （about eight times higher than that of the unmodified r/b operon）. In addition, when tetracycline （20 μg/mL） was used as the selective pressure, compared with the ampicillin resistant transformants, a higher riboflavin yield was obtained in tetracycline resistant host strain.     

一株产NAD+依赖型甘油脱氢酶嗜热杆菌的筛选

将采集于清源山、华大后山果园、华大南浦果园、实验室附近等多处的高温堆肥样品在60℃、pH7.0条件下进行富集培养,其中南浦果园堆肥样品菌体长势较好,菌株呈暗绿色;逐步提高培养基中甘油浓度(0.5g/L~3g/L),进行菌株产甘油脱氢酶(GDH)的驯化培养与复筛,经8个批次的复筛,获得一株产GDH酶活达0.201U/mL的棕色菌株,编号TB8-5;经镜检分析同时结合菌落生长特性并经生理生化实验反应鉴定,初步判断筛选出的菌株属嗜热芽孢杆菌属;菌株发酵液中产物组分鉴定为二羟基丙酮(DHA),含量为0.597mg/mL,相应的GDH酶活也最高,其最适反应温度为50℃,最适反应条件pH为8.0,Zn2 对酶活有一定的促进作用.     

一株耐盐芽孢杆菌的分离与鉴定

从校园草坪土壤中分离得到一株能够在20%NaCl的高盐条件下生长的耐盐细菌,经过形态观察、生理特征分析及16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定为一株芽孢杆菌(Bacillussp.),并在GenBank中完成该菌株16SrDNA序列的注册,登录号为EU167738.