大型舰船甲板变形测量

为测量大型舰船甲板的变形，提出了基于多个IMU数据融合的测量方法．建立了甲板变形测量模型．利用最小二乘估计对甲板的变形进行了分析．结果表明，用该方法可以实时估计未安装IMU战位点处的甲板变形，且能减少变形测量系统所需IMU的数量；变形估计精度与IMU的布置有关，当IMU的布置合理时，估计精度优于0．8arcmin．     

UASB反应器启动过程中的动力学参数K''''2

上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器启动中的操作是运行控制最为化的参数依据,研究基于UASB的完全混合模型和Eckenfelder一级反应动力学模型,引入可综合反映UASB内污泥浓度变化和微生物降解速率的动力学参数K'2,并推导出其关于温度的修正式.分别结合UASB处理低浓度有机废水的小试和中试初次启动试验,对K'2的物理意义及在启动阶段中的变化特点进行了分析.结果表明,K'2是一个表观UASB启动时不同负荷阶段工作状态的参数,通过对启动阶段K'2变化趋势的线性拟合得到斜率k可表明反应器内部活性微生物积累的快慢,并可借此来判别启动方法的优劣;根据设计水力停留时间和预期去除率得到的K'2可作为用以评价UASB启动是否成功的标志之一.     

横向束流动力学孔径的研究

对三种孔径（RF孔径、物理孔径、动力学孔径）简要介绍，重点讨论束流的动力学孔径，目的通过动力学孔径探讨束流运行的不稳定性，以及影响提高动力学孔径和延长束流的寿命的因素.     

镁钙砂碳酸化反应机理研究

采用单一扫描速率（2℃/min）法对镁钙砂细粉的碳酸化反应进行了热分析动力学研究,为镁钙砂颗粒表面碳酸化改性反应动力学研究提供相关信息.研究结果表明,镁钙砂细粉碳酸化反应初期MgO的碳酸化和CaO碳酸化反应前期机理,可用n=2的Avrami-Erofeev随机成核、随后生长模式函数描述,后期（相对转化率大于33%～38%）则可用Jander或Ginstling-brounshtein三维扩散模式函数描述.同时,MgO碳酸化反应产生的体积效应导致CaO反应前期表观活化能大幅度降低.     

N-苯基马来酰亚胺、苯乙烯和马来酸酐三元共聚及热分解动力学

合成了N-苯基马来酰亚胺、苯乙烯和马来酸酐三元共聚物,采用红外光谱法对其结构进行了表征,并利用TG,DTG和DSC热分析技术对该共聚物的耐热性能及热分解动力学进行了分析,探讨了其热分解机理.结果表明:该共聚物的热分解受单机理控制,初始热分解温度为637K;683K后热分解速率迅速增大,703K时达到最大,在761K时分解基本结束;共聚物在氮气中失重20%和50%时的温度分别为679K和700K,玻璃化转变温度为485 K;根据K issinger法求得非等温条件下共聚物热分解的表观活化能为173.21 kJ/mol,指前因子为3.293 9×1012m in-1,由Crane法求得其反应级数为0.94.     

几种铈盐的热分解过程及非等温热分解动力学研究

利用TG—DTG—DTA热分析技术研究了二水合碳酸亚铈、九水合草酸亚铈、六水合硝酸亚铈三种铈盐的热分解过程．发现二水合碳酸亚铈在75-180℃下脱去2mol水生成无水碳酸亚铈，后者在220—300℃下分解脱去CO2生成CeO2；九水合草酸亚铈在100-180℃下脱去9mol水生成无水草酸亚铈，后者在290—380℃下分解并同时脱去CO和CO2生成CeO2；而六水合硝酸亚铈在60—80℃下首先脱去3．5mol水生成含2．5个结晶水的硝酸亚铈，后者在190-250℃下脱去2．5mol结晶水生成无水硝酸亚铈，在258—310℃下硝酸亚铈热分解脱去NO2和O2并生成CeO2．采用外推法研究了九水合草酸亚铈两步热分解过程的动力学，由不同升温速率下的热分析曲线及外推β→0获得了相应的固相热分解反应所遵循的分解机理及动力学参数．发现九水合草酸亚铈脱水过程遵循球形对称的三维扩散机理，即Jander方程G（α）=G（α）=[1-（1-α）^1/3]^2，动力学参数E=180．9kJ／mol、lnA=63．5s^-1；而脱CO和CO2过程遵循成核和生长机理，即Avrami-Erofeev方程G（α）=[-ln（1-α）]^1/1.5，动力学参数E=115．4kJ／mol，lnA=22．0s^-1．     

试论混沌和急动度之关系

三维相空间是混沌和急动度之间的重要联系纽带.猝变动力学为人们提供了一种新的思维方式.急动度是研究混沌流的有效工具.     

Differences between dynamics factors for interannual and decadal variations of rainfall over the Yangtze River valley during flood seasons

The prediction of rainfall in the Yangtze River valley, especially, during flood seasons is the main means for scientists in China working on and the understanding of rainfall-associated processes is a crucial component of this effort. It can be derived f…     

Temporal-spatial dynamics of distribution patterns of microorganism relating to biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert

Biological soil crusts serve as an important biological factor contributing to the sand fixation. This study was conducted to investigate the temporal-spatial variability of microorganism in crusts relating to locations, soil layers of sand dunes and seasons. At moss-dominated inter-dune areas, higher soil nutrient and water concentrations were likely to maintain the microbial activities. Bacteria showed the highest capabilities of settlement and growth in inter-dunes in both spring and autumn. Soil water content reached the highest value in soil crusts in the inter-dune areas, especially in spring. Variations of quantities of actinomyces and fungi basically showed the consistent trend in different locations of sand dunes. With the deepening of soil layers, vertical distribution of quantities of each microorganism group showed different characteristics because environmental factors fluctuated in both spring and autumn. Among different microorganism groups, bacteria were predominant, actinomyces the next and fungi the least in both spring and autumn in all soil layers （0-20 cm）. The proportion of bacteria and soil water content were higher in spring than those in autumn in all soil layers （0-20 cm）. No consistent trends were found in actinomyces and fungi. The results showed that the quantities of microorganisms were significantly positive correlated with organic matter content, soil water content, total N, total P, available P, available K, pH, electrical conductivity, total salt content,catalase, urease, phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase.     

空气动力学中的数学方法

空气动力学尚没有统一的研究方法，本书全面地介绍各种数学模型，并给出这些模型的数值求解方法及一些计算结果。全书分为11章和6个附录。第1章理想流体的方程；第2章线性空气动力学方程和它的基本解；第3章亚声速流中的无限翼面；第4章边界元法在亚声速流无限翼面中的应用；第5章亚声速流中的有限翼面理论、举力面理论；第6章举力线理论；