二维超声和CT对膀胱癌术前分期的价值

目的：探讨二维超声与CT扫描对膀胱癌分期诊断的临床价值及临床检查方法的选择。方法：搜集经病理确诊,且术前均行超声及CT检查的膀胱癌患者45例,将患者分为2组,即T1-T3a期组和T3b—T4期组,比较超声及CT与各组临床分期的符合率,并用统计学方法处理其结果。结果：45例患者中,T1-T3a期31例,T3b—T4期14例;超声对T1-T3a期病变分期的符合率（77．4％）较CT（66．7％）高。但两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．39〉0．05）,CT对T3a-T4期病变分期的符合率（92．9％）较超声（50．0％）高,且差异有明显的统计学意义（P=0．03〈0．05）。结论：二维超声和CT检查对膀胱癌的检出及分期是互补的方法,超声对浸润较浅的病变分期较敏感,而CT检查对T3b期及其以上膀胱癌分期较敏感。综合利用二者对膀胱癌分期可以指导临床选择恰当的治疗方式。     

人膀胱癌细胞系BIU-87细胞遗传学研究

运用染色体显带技术对人膀胱癌细胞系BIU—87进行了细胞遗传学研究.结果表明,该细胞系干系染色体众数为90,94条,分别为亚四倍体和超四倍体,存在很多染色体数目和结构异常.可见较多多倍体,核内复制和C—后期核型.结构异常包括双着丝粒染色体,环状染色体,染色单体裂隙等.研究结果确定了该细胞系的11个标记染色体,涉及的主要断裂点有1p11,1p32,3p11,6q21,7q31,9p13,9p21,11q11,11q13及17p11,并对这些断裂点在肿瘤发生中的意义进行了讨论.     

抗人膀胱癌单抗的导向治疗实验研究

用北医大泌尿所建成的人体膀胱移行细胞癌细胞系BIU 87免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备了一株抗人膀胱癌单克隆抗体,多项鉴定表明此单抗特异性较好。用此单抗与放射性同位素~131I偶联后,注入载瘤裸鼠体内,肿瘤显像明显,进一步证实单抗的导向作用。然后用这种单抗通过顺乌头酸与抗肿瘤药物阿霉素偶联,用膀胱癌细胞BIU-87和E-J二种作为靶细胞,大肠癌细胞Lovo作为对照,检查免疫偶联物在体外的杀伤活性,结果表明阿霉素与单抗的龟疫偶联物对Lovo细胞没有杀伤作用,对BIU-87及E-J细胞有明显的杀伤作用,而两种膀胱癌细胞对免疫毒素的敏感性是有所不同的。单独使用单抗在体外没有杀伤作用,单独使用药物会产生非特异性杀伤作用。单抗与阿霉素混合使用其作用与单独药物相同。载瘤裸鼠体内用药实验结果表明免疫偶联物能抑制肿瘤生长,单独使用单抗,通过体内补体激活也可起一定治疗作用,但不如免疫毒素明显。停药后有些肿瘤有增长趋势,提示今后临床用药应注意治疗间隔时间及用药方案。     

Role of VEGF in the growth and metastasis of a murine bladder carcinoma

Bladder transitional cell carcinoma is the most common form of carcinoma in the urinary system. Although overexpression of VEGF has been identified in tissue, serum,and urine of patients with bladder cancer, the role of VEGF in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder has not been clearly elucidated. Here, we dissected the effect of VEGF during bladder tumor growth and progression by modifying a BBN (N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine) induced mouse bladder transitional cell carcinoma cell line BTT-T739 by stable transfection of antisense VEGF121 cDNA. The transfection resulted in-more than 80% reduction in VEGF production. The growth of the transduced tumor cells in vitro was not affected, however, these cells formed small or no tumors in vivo. Even in the tumors formed, there were minimal vascularization, extensive necrosis and longer latency compared to those formed by parental cells. The permeability of tumor vasrulatuce and metastatic tumor growth were also significantly suppressed in antisense VEGF cDNA transfected cells. In addition, the transfer of anti-angiogenic gene in a rumbination of sFlk-I and ExTek with electroporation can suppress the tumor growth efficiently. Taken together,these results demonstrated that VEGF plays an important role in bladder tumor angiogenesis and angiogenesis plays an important role in bladder tumor growth and metastasis.     

抗膀胱癌单链抗体基因在烟草中的表达

以抗膀胱癌单链抗体（ｓｃＦＶ）基因为目的基因,构建植物表达载体,转化烟草,研究医用治疗性工程抗体基因在植物中的表达,结果表明,经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交鉴定出的转基因植株,叶片提取物的蛋白电泳有特异带出现,其分子量约为２７ｋｕ,同预期的单链抗体分子量一致,表达量最一株,抗体含量占可溶性蛋白的１．４％,竞争性抑制ＥＬＩＳＡ测定结果显示,该抗体有抗原结合活性。