幼鼠小肠缺血-再灌注肠组织的形态学观察

目的:观察幼鼠小肠缺血-再灌注(ischemia/reperfusion,I/R)肠组织形态学变化。方法:将32只4周龄(Sprague Dawley,SD)大鼠随机分成2组即假手术组(Sham组)和缺血-再灌注组(I/R组),每组各16只。Sham组仅暴露腹腔脏器,不作任何干预;I/R组经阻断肠系膜上动脉60 min后恢复血供,于再灌注30、60、90、120 min每组动物各处死4只取小肠组织进行组织学Chiu’s评分,结果进行单因素方差分析和组间t检验。结果:Sham组肠组织形态正常;I/R组小肠组织发生了明显的缺血和炎症反应并随再灌注时间延长而加重,各观察时间点组织学评分在组间比较差异均有统计学意义,各值在I/R组高于Sham组(P<0.05)。结论:幼鼠肠I/R导致肠组织病理损伤并随再灌注时间延长而加重。     

为什么不能边吃饭边看书

有些人喜欢边吃饭边看书，或者边吃饭边说笑。这样的习惯都很不好。为什么呢？因为会分散大脑的注意力，使供应消化器官的血液相对减少，影响肠胃的消化功能。     

人类过度捕鱼 海豚饥肠辘辘

以色列海域的樽鼻海豚正在变得越来越瘦骨嶙峋，这很可能是因为它们长期吃不饱肚子的缘故。而它们之所以会挨饿，是由于人类过度捕捞它们赖以为生的鱼类，在过去的6年里，科学家一直在对生活在这一水域的74头樽鼻海豚进行跟踪拍照。     

Cloning and analysis of the antagonistic related genes of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterobacter cloacae</Emphasis> B8

To understand the antagonistic mechanism of the broad spectrum antagonistic Enterobacter cloacae B8,Tn5 transposon-mediated mutagenesis is performed using suicide plasmid pZJ25. Two mutant strains that lost antagonistic character are isolated. Tagging with kanr gene on Tn5,an antagonistic related DNA fragment, the F fragment, right of the Tn5 insertion site is cloned in a plasmid named pTLF,from one of the mutant strains B8F. The 733 bp F fragment is then sequenced after subcloning. Genomic DNA of the original B8 strain is isolated, digested with Pst I and ligated to Pst I cassette. DNA fragments left and right of the F fragment are amplified from the Pst I cassette library using cassette primer and specific primers designed according to known sequence. 1106 bp sequence left of the F fragment and 664bp sequence right of the F fragment are finally obtained. Bioinformatics analysis shows that the contig assembled from the sequences of the cloned antagonistic related DNA fragments of B8 encodes three ORFs and is homogeneous to admM,admN and admO genes of Pantoea agglomerans andrimid biosynthetic gene cluster (AY192157). The ORF, named anrF gene which encodes a polyketide synthase, knocked out by Tn5 insertion, is a homology of admM and the insertion site of Tn5 is at 214 bp upstream of the stop codon. It is concluded that the anrF gene is a gene related to the antagonistic activity of E. cloacae B8, and speculated that the antagonistic substance produced by B8 is an andrimid.     

Permeation of vanadium（Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ）-dipicolinate complexes across MDCK cell monolayer and comparison with Caco-2 cells

The permeation and eytotoxicity of three insulin-mimetic vanadium（Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ）-dipicolinate complexes were studied using the MDCK cell monolayer in comparison with the Caeo-2 cells. On MDCK cell monolayer, the apparent permeation coefficients （Papp） were estimated to be （7.5±1.0）×10^-6, （1.0±0.2）×10^-6, （1.7±0.4）× 10^-6cm/s for V（Ⅴ）, V（Ⅵ）, and V（Ⅲ）-dipie complexes, respectively. The permeability of V（Ⅴ）-dipie complexes is much better than the others, which is in agreement with its better hypoglycemie effect in animal tests. On Caeo-2 cell monolayer, Papp were found to be in the range of 1-3×10^-6 ends and not to be affected by excessive amounts of dipieolinate ligand. By contrast, the permeability in the AP→BL direction across the MDCK monolayer increased greatly in the presence of free ligands, suggesting existence of active transport mechanism of vanadium complex anions on the MDCK cells. The eytotoxieity of the three complexes was found similar and the IC50 were measured in the range of 0.6-0.9 mmol/L for MDCK cells and 1.6--2 mmol/L for Caco-2 cells. The cytotoxicity of three vanadium complexes was conceivably in consistence with their permeability, suggesting that the toxicity, permeation and cellular metabolism of vanadium complexes are closely related.     

用中药治疗肠痈

用中药治疗肠痈林贞，方建华（福州大学医院福州，３５０００２）肠痈多由湿热挟瘀而成，由于饮食不节，嗜食膏粱厚味，或恣食生冷，或暴急奔走，跌打损伤，或寒温失调等因素，导致胃肠功能紊乱，气血失和，运化失职，糟粕积滞，生湿化热，湿热结滞肠内，留为败瘀，聚而成...     

自拟“激愈方”治疗肠易激综合征33例初步观察

自拟“激愈方”治疗肠易激综合征３３例初步观察沈英森，赵长鹰，杨见权（暨南大学医学院，中医针灸培训中心，附属医院内科，５１０６３０．广州）关键词肠；肠易激综合征；中医药治疗中图分类号：Ｒ２４３肠易激综合征，又称肠激惹综合征（简称ＩＢＳ），是肠道功能紊乱...     

小鼠原始生殖细胞的发生部位和迁移路线的初步研究

我们用碱性磷酸酶法对小鼠原始生殖细胞的发生部位和迁移路线进行了研究。在7天18小时的胚胎中没有发现原始生殖细胞,至8天8小时,在尿囊柄基部和原条尾端出现了成群集中的原始生殖细胞,这时原始生殖细胞总数目不超过100个。9天,原始生殖细胞沿后肠在肠壁内胚层细胞之间向前迁移。9天10小时部分原始生殖细胞进入背肠系膜。甲苯胺蓝染色显示原始生殖细胞嗜碱性强,与周围体细胞有着明显差别,其分布位置与碱性磷酸酶法显示出的位置一致。本实验表明,小鼠原始生殖细胞的最早出现部位是在尿囊柄基部。     

过度训练动物模型的建立及过度训练状态下大鼠肠粘膜病理性变化的研究

为阐明过度训练状态下肠粘膜超微结构和免疫的病理性变化有其发生机制，采用建立一般训练和过度大鼠模型，应用形态学手段和分子生化,结合免疫组化和图像分析方法，对训练后两组大鼠肠道粘膜的超微结构、脂质过氧化反应产物丙二醛（MDA），还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和粘膜IgA的产生及含量作定位和定量研究。结果表明，第4周末，一般训练组和过度训练组大鼠肠道粘膜的超微结构、MDA和GSH含量、SOD活性和粘膜IgA水平未见异常改变（P＞0．05），但是第8周末过度训练组电下见肠道粘膜超微结构明显改变，MDA含量明显升高，GSH含量和SOD活性明显降低；第8周末，IgA浆细胞计数及其平衡吸光度，以及粘液IgA水平均显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）。结果提示过度训练可以引起肠道粘膜超微结构和IgA屏障结构改变，这些改变可能与粘膜自由基损伤有关。     

黄芪对肠缺血再灌损伤时肠外器官的保护作用

为了观察黄芪对肠缺血再灌注引起肠外多器官损伤的保护作用，用无创伤动脉夹夹闭大鼠肠系膜上动脉60min后松夹再灌注，建立肠缺血再灌注损伤模型，于再灌注前30min股静脉注射黄芪（AM）。试验用大鼠126只，体重200－260g，雌雄各半，随机分为假手术对照组（Con)、肠缺血再灌注手术组（I／R）、生理盐水（NS）处理组、黄芪（AM）处理组和血清TNF测定组。血清中的谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、尿素（Urea)、肌酐（Cr)、尿酸（UA）含量作为肝、肾功能测定指标。结果I／R组大鼠肝、肾功能的生化指标升高，与Con组比较有显著性差异（P＜0．01）；I／R组大鼠肝、肺、肾组织中的丙二醛（MDA）含量比Con组显著升高（P＜0．01），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性比Con组显著降低（P＜0．01），外周血肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）浓度随着灌注时间延长而增加。AM可缓解肠I／R对器官的损伤，减少MDA的生成，增强SOD的清除能力，抑制TNF生成。提示AM对肠I／R引起的多器官损伤有保护作用。