水力压裂中多裂缝间相互干扰力学分析

将复变函数理论与位错理论相结合 ,在考虑了裂缝表面有流体压力作用且裂缝间存在相互干扰的情况下 ,建立了无限大介质中裂尖应力强度因子的数学模型 ,利用该模型可对水力压裂中多裂缝间的相互干扰进行力学分析。假设裂缝沿着垂直于局部最大周向拉应力方向扩展 ,应用数值方法对所建立的数学模型求解 ,得到裂尖的应力强度因子及转角。数值计算结果表明 ,裂缝间存在相互干扰时所产生的剪切应力强度因子远远小于法向应力强度因子。当两个裂缝尖端垂向距离为零时 ,法向应力强度因子达到最大值。两个裂缝尖端没交叠之前裂缝基本沿着轴线扩展 ;当尖端交叠面积较小时 ,两裂尖偏离自己的轴线向避开对方的方向扩展 ;当尖端交叠面积较大时 ,两裂缝向靠拢对方的方向扩展 ,最终将贯通在一起     

NURBS曲面造型方法

列举了基于NURBS方法的各种曲面造型方法和相应的数学表达式，同时也对各种方法的适用范围和优缺点进行了评述。     

Genetic Diversity in Populations of Sepiella maindroni Using 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis

Part of the 16S rRNA gene is amplified with PCR and sequenced for 5 populations of common Chinese cuttlefish Sepiella maindroni:three from the South China Sea,one from East China Sea and one from Japan.The result shows that a total of 5 nucleotide positions are found to have gaps or insertions of base pairs among these individuals,and 13 positions are examined to be variable in all the sequences,which range from 494 to 509 base pairs.All of the individuals are grouped into 7 haplotypes (h1-h7).No marked genetic difference is osberved among those populations.All of the individuals from Nagasaki belong to h1 and the h3 haplotype is found only in the coastal waters of China.A→←G transition in Nucleotide 255 is suggested to be taken as a kind of genetic marker to identify the populations distributed in East-South China Sea and the Nagasaki waters of Japan.     

基因疫苗及影响其免疫效果的因素

基因疫苗被视为“第3代疫苗“,是目前疫苗研究领域的热点.本文回顾了基因疫苗的诞生,阐述了其优越性,重点讨论了增强其免疫效应的策略包括合理的载体设计、细胞因子及共刺激因子与抗原的共表达及适宜的接种途径等.     

Recent progress in polymer-based gene delivery vectors

The gene delivery system is one of the three components of a gene medicine, which is the bottle neck of current gene therapy. Nonviral vectors offer advantages over the viral system of safety, ease of manufacturing, etc. As important nonviral vectors, polymer gene delivery systems have gained increasing attention and have begun to show increasing promising. In this review, the fundamental and recent progress of polymer-based gene delivery vectors is reviewed.     

N-terminal of L protein of vesicular stomatitis virus contains a new signal sequence

The L protein (241kD) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is the most important snbnnit of the replication complex. The existence of specific localization signal in the L protein was investigated by making recombinant constructs expressing truncated mutants of the L protein fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) in transient transfection assays. The chimeric genes encoding varied N-terminal of L and GFP gene were put under the control of T7 promoter or CMV promoter. The fusion proteins were transiently expressed in BHK-21, COS-7, CHO or Hep G2 cells. When more than 120 residues were deleted or only 96 residues were kept on the N-terminal, the fusion proteins were shown to be distributed throughout the cells, cytoplasm and nucleus under the confocal microscope. However, other chimeric proteins with 120 or more amino acids were dotted and distributed in the perinuclear regions. And the fusion protein with 96—120 aa has the similar distribution. A thirteen-residue peptide QGYSFLHEVDKEA (108—120) was identified as localization signal, whose function would be absolutely distributed with the deficiency of D or V. Our results show that there is an independent localizing signal in N-terminal domain of L protein of VSV and this functional signal is conserved in different cell lines.     

Building of hFⅨ transgenic mice by spermatogenic cells

Human FⅨ expression vector pCMVⅨ was packaged by effectene^TM reagent and injected into mice seminiferous tubules with glass pipettes.The expressional frame of pCMVⅨ was examined by PCR and Southern blotting among 41 progenies.There were 2(4%) mice being integrated with hFⅨ gene into chromosomes.4.6ng/mL of hFⅨ protein was expressed in plasma of one mouse,which was tested by ELISA.We demonstrated that building of transgenic animals by spermatogonial stem cells is an efficient method.Meanwhile,it has also been proved to be an alternative choice for mammary gland bioreactor.     

表达千穗谷Ah—AMP基因的转基因烟草抗病性研突

通过PCR从苋属植物千穗谷(Amarathus hypochondriacus)的总DNA中扩增出苋菜抗菌肽(Ah—AMP)的核基因片段，序列分析结果表明该基因长261bp，编码一个由86个氨基酸组成的Ah—AMP前体多肽。在构建Ah—AMP基因的植物表达载体pBinAH916后，通过根癌土壤杆菌介导方法转化了烟草。转化再生植株和T1代转基因烟草的PCR和Southern blot分析表明，AA—AMP基因已整合到烟草的染色体中，并为单拷贝整合。T1代转基因烟草的Nouthern blot分析结果表明，AA—AMP基因在转基因烟草中至少在mRNA水平上能正常表达。对T0代转基因烟草进行烟草青枯病的抗病性试验，筛选出两株抗性较强的植株。对T1代抗青枯病的统计分析发现，其抗病性比起始品种SRl分别提高了2．24和1．62个级别；其病情指数比起始品种降低49．6％和37．3％。对黑烃病也表现一定的抗性，主要表现在推迟发病时间，减缓发病速度上。这些结果表明AA—AMP基因在植物抗病基因工程研究中可能是一个有潜在应用价值的基因。     

感应测井信号处理及应用研究

综合论述了感应测井信号处理方面的成果 .重点涉及感应测井信号处理理论、信号处理中几何因子选择、滤波器最优化设计、实际非线性测量信号处理的实现 .总结了常用几何因子的应用局限性 ;提出了利用相关技术、软约束技术等方法解决最优化滤波器设计中的问题 ;采用真分辨率合成与分辨率匹配技术相结合的信号处理思想 ,极大地减小了井眼附近的影响 ;实现了非线性信号自适应处理算法 .研究成果分别在双感应测井、高分辨率感应测井、阵列感应成像测井和高分辨率阵列感应测井中得到了应用     

DNA分子标记在果树上的应用

介绍了在果树上常用的DNA分子标记的原理和特点，并对其在果树的分子遗传图谱和指纹图谱的构建，品种鉴别、系谱分析和分类，基因定位与分子标记辅助选择等方面的应用进行了综述。