用聚合酶链式反应扩增抗冻肽基因并在双元表达载体中克隆

抗冻肽基因导入植物的第一步合成了５＇－末端分别带有限制性酶ｘｂａＩ和ＫｐｎＩ识别位点的一对引物，以美洲拟鲽抗冻肽的ｃＤＮＡ克隆为模板，用锚定聚合酰酶链反应扩增了抗冻肽基因，并克隆到细菌表达载体ｐＧＥＭ３２ｆ（一）和植物表达盒式载体ｐＧＡ６４３中，以限制性酶切分析和菌落杂交技术证明了转化子质粒ＤＮＡ中的含有抗冻肽基因，又用ＰＣＲ方法扩增了转化子的抗冻肽基因，从而证实了克隆成功。     

快速高效堆肥处理城市污泥微生物多样性研究

采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术对城市污泥堆肥工艺中微生物种群多样性进行初步研究，结果表明污泥中的微生物种群有显著的改变，同时对堆肥后污泥中的微生物进行了尝试性探讨，为城市污泥微生态和高效堆肥工艺的研究提供了新的实验依据。     

恩施悬棺人骨mtDNA初步分析

本文以恩施宋代悬棺的骨骼或牙齿样品为对象,经过一系列的处理,获得并扩增了mtDNA的HVSI区的部分序列,通过几个实验初步认定是古DNA.同时通过与部分现代人mtDNA数据的比较参照,对所研究样品单倍群归属进行了初步确定,发现他们主要属于南方类型,但也可能有北方成分.     

Detection of Grass Carp Hemorrhage Virus （GCHV） from Vietnam and Comparison with GCHV Strain from China

Grass carp plays an important role in small-scale aquaculture in Vietnam. However, a severe disease, known in Vietnam as “Red Spot Disease“, is causing significant economic loss in grass carp aquaculture. In this study, the tissue samples isolated from the grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam are investigated and eomparied with the control GCHV isolated in China by experimental infection, culture cell infection, serological cross reactivity, and RT-PCR amplifica-tion. Infected grass carp exhibits hemorrhage symptoms about 5 days after experimental injection with GCHV-V (Vietnam) strain. The symptoms and lethality induced by the GCHV-V strain are identical to that induced by the Chinese GCHV-9014 strain. The Chinese GCHV-873 strain in-duces typical cytopathogenic effects in 4 cell lines, such as CIK, CAB, FHM and GCO, from the6 fish cell lines examined. No cytopathogenic effects are observed in all the 6 examined cell lines,including CAB, FHM, CIK, EPC, CCO and G(X), infected by the GCHV-V strain and GCHV-9014 strain. Immunodiffusion assays demonstrate an obvious cross-reactivity among three GCHVstrains. Precipitin lines are clearly observed not only between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and thetwo strains GCHV-873 and GCHV-9014, but also between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and the GCHV-V strain. GCHV can be detected by immunodiffusion assays after three generations of blind propagations in the cell lines inoculated by GCHV-V strain. This implicates that GCHV-Vviruses have been replicated and amplified despite there being no cytopathogenic eifects observed in these examined cell lines. Three genome segments of GCHV, including S8, S9 and S10, are amplified by three sets of PCR primers designed according to the segment sequences published re-cently. The Q8fp and Q8rp primer set specific for genome segment S8 amplifies a 955 bp frag-ment from the extracted sample of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease, and the fragment size is i-dentical to that amplified by the same primer set from control GCHV-873 strain. Simultaneously,the Q9fp and Q9rp primer set specific for genome segment S9 generates a same 635 bp product,and the Q10fp and Q10rp primer set specific for genome segment S10 produces a same 697 bp fragment from both template samples of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease and control GCHV-873 strain. The RT-PCR amplification and corresponding size comparison data indicate that the three GCHV-V genome segments extracted from the diseased grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam should be identical to that in control GCHV-873 strain from China. The data confirm that the causative agent of grass carp Red Spot Disease in Vietnam is a virus, and the virus is closely similar to GCHV strain in China.     

结合PCR扩增快速筛选鉴定重组质粒

针对如何方便快捷筛选鉴定阳性克隆（重组质粒），本在实验室研究的基础上，创建了一种结合聚合酶链式反应简便快筛选鉴定阳性克隆的方法，用和Triton裂解液裂解菌落，离心后上清作为模板，再用特异引物进行PCR扩增，2h就可以得出结果，本方法具有节约省时，重复性好，结果直观，准确等优点，这为从事分子生物学研究的实验室快速筛选阳性克隆提供了方便。     

克隆胃粘膜细胞癌变相关基因的思路

采用ｍＲＮＡ和ＡＰ－ＰＣＲ等技术克隆胃粘膜细胞癌变相关基因在技术上是可行的。胃粘膜细胞癌变相关基因的获得，在阐明胃癌发生机制及胃癌的早期诊断和临床治疗方面，具有重要意义和广阔的应用前景。     

聚合酶链式反应仪基座的热阻建模与分析

对聚合酶链式反应仪(PCR)基座中温度变化规律进行数学建模,求出其过程热阻值,并利用该热阻值对类似模型的温度场进行仿真计算,从而快速地得出考虑若干关键参数的复杂模型的温度场.计算结果显示,PCR仪基座的过程热阻与其自身的导热热阻存在某种关系,进而提出一个对于该关系的假设和数学描述,最后对该假设应用的可行性进行数值计算证明.     

基于网状硒化钼和杂交链式反应高灵敏检测DNA

用水热法合成了网状硒化钼纳米,将其和纳米金修饰于玻碳电极表面,固定上DNA探针后结合杂交链式反应构建了一种新型信号放大型电化学传感器,用于特定DNA序列的超灵敏检测.硒化钼纳米片具有好的导电性能和大的比表面积,结合杂交链式反应的信号放大作用,可显著提高检测灵敏度.用于DNA检测,其线性范围为1.0×10-10~1.0×10-14mol/L,信噪比等于3时,检出限为8×10-15mol/L.该传感器可区分三碱基错配的DNA和单碱基错配的DNA,具有较高的选择性.     

鸡白痢沙门氏菌直接-多重PCR检测体系的建立

通过对鸡白痢沙门氏菌毒力质粒pSPUV上入侵质粒抗原J蛋白和质粒共转移调控因子的编码基因ipaJ和traJ的序列分析,在特异区域设计PCR引物,经沙门氏菌属不同种及常见肠道致病菌的交叉验证,筛选出三对鸡白痢沙门氏菌特异检测引物ipaJ-417、traJ-387、traJ-476.并且调试出一种利用两种DNA聚合酶的直接三重PCR检测体系:invA-211/traJ-387/16S-495,可以对鸡白痢沙门氏菌进行快速准确的鉴定.     

Bst DNA聚合酶的纯化及等温扩增检测体系的构建

Bst DNA聚合酶是等温扩增反应中的一个关键酶,但由于专利限制,目前国内实验室所使用的Bst DNA聚合酶大多需要从国外进口,价格昂贵且长途运输影响酶活性,因此亟需自主生产出Bst DNA聚合酶应用于等温扩增检测技术.通过构建Bst Fragement的原核表达质粒,采用原核蛋白表达系统和His-Tag亲和纯化手段,制备成本低,活性高,特异性强的Bst DNA聚合酶.同时,针对特定的模板,对自制Bst DNA聚合酶的扩增反应进行了进一步优化,用不同的产物鉴定方法对扩增效果进行检测,并最终筛选出该酶最优的扩增反应条件为60 mM K+、30 mM(NH4)2SO4、pH为9.0.最后,验证了Bst DNA聚合酶能用于快速准确检测肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体,降低了相关病原体核酸检测的成本,为之后核酸检测在基层医疗的更广泛应用提供了条件.