硅钨酸催化碱木质素降解机制的研究

以Keggin结构硅钨酸作催化剂,在醇-水体系中降解活化碱木质素。根据官能团定量分析和XPS仪器分析方法,结合Gaussian98中B3LYP/LANL2DZ方法解析了降解过程中的反应机制。计算和实验结果揭示硅钨酸中钨(VI)可以接受1~2个电子还原为钨(V);而木质素失去电子,形成醌基环己二稀基自由基,经结构重排于α位形成醇羟基,导致产物中羟基含量增加。     

一种频域RS-LT级联码在短波通信中的应用研究

针对短波通信中同时存在误码和丢包的特点,提出了一种频域RS码与数字喷泉码串行级联的纠错纠删编码算法,并在FPGA芯片及短波电台终端上予以实现。频域RS码作为外码,LT码作为内码,使RS码和LT码互相促进,同时实现纠删和纠错,这是单独采用两种编码方法都无法达到的。仿真表明RS-LT级联编码可提高LT码译码成功概率。同时短波信道实测结果表明,编码模块的应用可有效提高短波电台正确接收概率。     

A new cascading failure model with delay time in congested complex networks

Cascading failures often occur in congested complex networks. Cascading failures can be expressed as a three-phase process: generation, diffusion, and dissipation of congestion. Different from the betweenness centrality, a congestion function is proposed to represent the extent of congestion on a given node. Inspired by the restart process of a node, we introduce the concept of “delay time,” during which the overloaded node cannot receive or forward any traffic, so an intergradation between permanent removal and nonremoval is built and the flexibility of the presented model is demonstrated. Considering the connectivity of a network before and after cascading failures is not cracked because the overloaded node are not removed from network permanently in our model, a new evaluation function of network efficiency is also proposed to measure the damage caused by cascading failures. Finally, we investigate the effects of network structure and size, delay time, processing ability, and traffic generation speed on congestion propagation. Cascading processes composed of three phases and some factors affecting cascade propagation are uncovered as well.     

Performance and EXIT analysis of parallel concatenated space time trellis codes

Space time trellis coding (STTC) techniques have been proposed to achieve both diversity and coding gains in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) fading channels. But with more transmit antennas STTCs suffer from the design difficulty and complexity increasing. This paper proposes a scheme, named parallel concatenated space time trellis codes (PC-STTC), to achieve the tradeoff between the performances and complexity of STTCs for a large number of transmit antennas. Simulation results and complexity comparison are provided to demonstrate the performance and superiority of the proposed scheme over conventional schemes in fast fading channels in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions. And an EXIT (extrinsic information transform) chart is given to analyze the iterative convergence of the proposed scheme. It shows that PC-STTC has better iterative convergence in low SNR regions.     

基于SIRV病毒传播理论的装备保障网络级联失效分析

针对装备保障网络遭受敌方攻击时所显现出的复杂性现象,对比分析网络级联过程与病毒传播过程的相似性。在已有的负载容量级联故障传递模型基础上,融入了病毒免疫传播的过程,定义保障节点的4种不同状态,构建基于病毒免疫传播理论的装备保障网络级联传递模型,更好地再现了我方保障机构受到敌方实际打击和舆情攻击时的真实状况。通过仿真对比分析表明,在防御资源有限和时间迫切的情况时,优先考虑主动免疫策略,能够取得较好的抵御级联失效的效果,还可以辅助实施目标免疫策略,从而使装备保障网络具有较强的健壮性和较好的恢复能力。     

一种快速的俯视行人检测方法

提出了一种新颖的单目俯视客流图像的快速行人检测方法。该方法是针对俯视行人头部或头肩部特征进行的检测的。根据行人头部在俯视图中的左、右两半对称,左、中、右结构,上、下两部分基本相同等空间分布特征,利用积分图计算、比较目标区域内矩形子块的灰度累加值来实现这类特征的检测;此外,融合头部区域颜色均匀的特征,计算并判别否是行人。实验证明,该检测方法是快速和有效的。     

物流保障网络级联失效临界抗毁性

针对军事决策者所关心的"物流保障网络抗毁性"与"物流保障网络负载临界值"的问题进行了研究,首先分析了物流保障网络的特点,建立了度均匀随机分布的网络模型和负载局部扩展的级联失效抗毁性模型,并运用了多维分支过程方法求解网络级联失效的临界值。研究发现:容量均匀分布的物流保障网络中,当网络负载超过临界负载时,一个随机故障将引起网络瘫痪。最后通过一个仿真实例分析了物流保障网络节点最大度分别为5、6、8、10、12时的级联失效抗毁性临界值,并给出了仿真结果与解析推导存在误差的原因。     

基于复杂网络的指挥控制级联失效模型研究

复杂网络中由微小扰动触发的级联失效故障会导致系统大面积崩溃的灾难性后果,对其进行理论建模是研究复杂网络级联失效的基础和关键.在分析指挥控制级联失效机理的基础上,建立起指挥控制级联失效模型,并就不同条件下指挥控制的级联失效特征变化进行了定量分析,验证了模型的科学性和有效性,从而为研究级联失效对指挥控制的影响提供了新的研究思路和方法.     

一种基于介数的双层复杂网络级联失效模型

针对单层网络级联失效模型难以有效分析层状网络抗毁性的问题,基于介数分析法,研究了面向双层网络的级联失效模型。分析了网络两个层面之间信息(或能量)交互以及级联失效时的影响关系,并通过定义交互强度因子改进了节点介数计算方法,突出了节点业务对网络流量的影响。重设节点失效判定准则和负荷重分配准则,使网络两个层面在级联失效分析过程中得到关联。最后,仿真实验验证了模型有效性和可行性。