生态型木纤维吸油材料的制备与研究

以杉木为原料,经蒸煮、纤维帚化疏解、热解处理制备出生态型木纤维吸油材料.研究了吸油材料的吸油性能及其与热处理温度、抽出物的关系等问题.结果表明,经过350℃热处理试样的吸油量最大、吸水量最小,吸油量与吸水量比值高达77.5,是原料用蒸煮纤维的10倍以上.蒸煮纤维在200~500℃热处理时,试样的热水抽出物与1%NaOH抽出物含量随热解温度升高而减少,苯醇抽出物含量则在200~250℃时减少,300℃时增大,400℃后急剧减少.研究表明,纤维表面的亲油性物质对吸油能力有重要影响.     

一种改进的阈值分割算法在复合材料图像处理中的应用

针对纤维增强复合材料微观结构图像的特点,提出了一种改进的基于模糊思想的阈值分割算法,该算法利用整体阈值、局部阈值和像点梯度信息之间的关系,构造了一个双输入单输出的模糊逻辑系统,合理计算出像点的最佳分割阈值.实验结果证明了算法的有效性.     

Effects of Some Additives on the Adhesion of Polyacrylamide Sizes to Fibers

IntroductionPolyacrylamide ( PAM) size is one of the sizeingredients that are commonly used in conventionalfor mulations for warp sizing and paper making .It has theproperties of adhering to fibers and can be capable ofholding fiber together by surface attachment . Comparedwith starches and polyvinyl alcohols , PAM possesses suchcapability as excellent adhesion to cellulose fibers . Thiscapability ,however ,is not due to chemical valence ;but isdeveloped only through hydrogen bonds and Van …     

Research on Flax Fiber Reinforced Polylactide Environmental Friendly Composite

Biodegradable polylactide acid （PLA） resin can be combined with flax fibers to produce biodegradable composite materials. In our study, commercial PLA fibers were mixed with flax fibers by a non-woven method so as to make non- woven pre-forms, which can be generated into flax fiber reinforced PLA environmental friendly composites by heat pressing technology. The tensile, flexural and impact properties are tested in order to evaluate the basic physical properties of the composites, and the influenced factors listed as making technology of the pre-forms, weight ratio of flax fibers and heat pressing technology are discussed and optimized, which can be described as weight ratio of flax fibers and PLA fibers is 50/50, heating temperature, time and pressure are respectively 195℃, 20 rain and 12.5 Mpa. Preliminary results show that mechanical properties of the flax/PLA composites are quite promising compared with flax/PP composites in coclrnon commercial automotive use. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） is used to analyze the tensile specimen fracture surfaces, which shows voids and gaps occurring between flax fibers and PLA matrix and sign of fiber pull.out, the strength of flax/PLA interface can be further improved.     

Liquid Flow in Shaped Fiber Bundle

By computation and comparison of the critical spreading coefficient parameter, it was found that shaped fiber bundle is better for wetting. Liquid-air interface tension of liquid arising the shaped fiber bundle body is considered as one critical factor besides liquid viscosity, inertia force and liquid-fiber interface tension. Experimental result simulation demonstrated that the liquid-air interface tension is correlated with the geometric size of the liquid arising in body, Φ0 （x） and which is affected by the cross sectional shape of fiber and the radius of single fiber. The shaped fiber bundle model is/ntroduced to/nvestigate liquid flow in fiber assembly. The model is generated based on a random function for stochastic forming of fibers in bundle and it is necessary to combine this fundamental model with physical explanation for investigation of liquid flow in fiber assembly.     

医用纺织品的实际应用

介绍了医用纺织品的分类、医用纺织品所使用的新材料及其性能,并指出其替代旧材料的优越性。     

膜振动理论在纤维材料吸声性能研究中的应用

膜振动理论作为经典声学理论的基础已得到广泛的研究.作者在研究中发现,将膜振动理论的某些结论与毛细管吸声理论结合后,建立的薄纤维层(如织物、无纺布等)吸声理论方程不仅与实验结果吻合较好,而且可以较好的解释薄纤维层在作为护面材料或紧贴墙壁时吸声系数等于或接近于零,而作为窗帘或背后有空腔时却具有较好的吸声效果的这一长期未能解释的声学现象.     

新型药物释放材料褐藻酸盐纤维的制备研究

利用湿法纺丝钙离子交联的方法制备褐藻酸盐纤维,并将牛血清清蛋白包埋入纤维中,研究了制备条件对纤维性能的影响.用扫描电镜观察纤维的微观形貌;并测试了纤维的力学性能、溶胀性能;测定了蛋白质的包埋效率,以及蛋白质的释放速率.结果表明,湿法纺丝凝固浴的CaCl2浓度影响纤维的力学性能、溶胀性能及蛋白质的释放.     

CPP/α-TCP骨水泥复合材料研究

自固化磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)作为一种新型人工骨替代材料，以其良好的生物相容性、骨传导性和可任意塑形，可广泛用于临床骨缺损修复．但其强度低、脆性大，不能用于负重部位，使其应用受到限制．本文利用纤维增强机理，用CPP／α-TCP骨水泥为基体材料，具有良好生物相容性的聚磷酸钙纤维(CPP)为增强材料制备出了CPP／α-TCP骨水泥复合材料．实验结果表明，CPP纤维在一定程度上可对骨水泥起到增强作用．SEM显示两者结合程度适中，在Ringer溶液中浸泡两个月后，纤维未发生明显降解作用，仍具有一定的增韧效果．     

绿色再制造工程在军用装备中的应用

绿色再制造工程是一门新兴学科和一项朝阳产业，是对维修工程的继承和发展。本文从绿色再制造工程的内涵、发展进程及关键技术等方面进行阐述。纳米表面工程技术是绿色再制造工程的关键技术，高速电弧喷涂技术、纳米电刷镀技术、纳米减摩自修复添加剂技术等先进的表面工程技术，大幅度提高了军用装备零部件的减摩、耐磨、抗疲劳、耐腐蚀性能。绿色再制造工程对加速旧武器装备的延寿和升级改造，对军队装备维修保障将起到重要作用。