水上交通观测天数与交通量估计精度的关系

利用数理统计与概率论的有关理论,在定义了以置信区间的长度与船舶交通量日均估计值之比作为"相对误差"的基础上,得到了船舶交通量观测时间与精度关系的有关结论.该结论可作为港口规划、实施船舶定线制及确定无线电岸台交换机容量决策的参考依据.     

Raman crystal lasers in the visible and near-infrared

Raman lasers based on potassium gadolinium tungstate and lead tungstate crystals pumped by a≈120 ps Nd: YAG laser at 1.064/μm were developed. High reflection mirrors for the Stokes wavelength have been used to generate near-infrared and eye safe spectral region of 1.15 - 1.32/μm. Second harmonic generation of the generated Raman lasers was observed. Eifficient multiple Stokes and anti-Stokes picosecond generation in 64 crystals have been shown to exhibit stimulated Raman scattering on about 700 lines covering the whole visible and near-infrared spectrum. All stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared spectrum are identified and attributed to the SRS-active vibration modes of these crystals.     

A weak El Nio event in 2002 detected by the astronomical observation

Using the length-of-day (LOD) data series derived from astronomical observations made by various modern space techniques, southern oscillation index (SOI) and anomalies of sea surface temperature (SST) in tropical Pacific Ocean, the inter-annual components of these data series are obtained by the technique of band filtering from January 1962 to October 2002. It is found that a new ENSO event has already occurred in 2002 and been detected by the interannual LOD. It is shown by the wavelet analysis that the component with a period of about 4-6 years and the quasi-biennial component are out of phase during 2001-2002, which consequently suggests that the new ENSO event cannot be a strong one.     

从海底观察地球

随着新世纪的到来,海洋科学界正在着手建设海底观测系统网络,以探测和理解大洋系统的物理、化学、生物和地质等过程,这是继地面/洋面和空间之后观测地球系统的第三个平台——从海底进行连续的实时观测,将使得人类可长期"呆"在海里,从而改变人类和海洋的关系。     

CBERS-02数据在土地沙化矿山、土地利用监测中的应用

中巴地球资源卫星02星（CBERS一02），是继01星之后的又一颗对地观测卫星（到目前为止已成功运行2年），02星是地球资源卫星大家庭中一名重要成员。它的成功运行，不仅为我国，也为全世界提供了新的地球信息资源，本文主要介绍中巴地球资源卫星在河北省土地沙化、矿山环境、土地利用监测方面的应用效果。     

仿人机器人三维实时仿真系统的研究与实现

利用仿真来研究、分析和检验仿人形机器人在步行过程中的受力,对于改进和提高它的步行控制方法具有非常重要的意义。本文首先介绍了作者用OpenGL图形库开发仿人形机器人三维实时仿真系统和全方位观测技术,然后通过分析环境作用力对机器人的影响,提出了在点支撑、线支撑和面支撑三种模式下,机器人的平衡条件和失稳时翻转的旋转轴及旋转速度的求解方法;最后将上述方法应用到机器人三维实时仿真系统中,实现了仿人形机器人控制的可视化,为仿人形机器人研究提供了强有力的手段。     

卫星对地搜索问题研究——搜索理论的新应用

用卫星搜寻海上的未知目标时，由于海洋的面积大，可参照点少，搜寻未知目标难度较大，因此有必要对此展开研究。建立了对地观测卫星对海洋未知目标的搜索模型，同时给出一种评估卫星搜索探测函数的新方法，在此基础上，以一颗载有推扫式CCD相机的低轨小卫星为例，说明如何用该模型指导卫星搜索海域内的未知目标，从而使卫星在有限的观测时间内发现目标的概率最大，为搜索理论在卫星应用上提供了新思路。     

Morphology of polar ionospheric O^＋ ion upflow： FAST observations during quiet time

With energetic ion measurements on FAST satellite, the morphologic features of quiet-time ionospheric O ion upflowing at altitudes of 2000 to 4000 km are drawn out for the first time. The pre-noon cusp/cleft is the predominant region of upflowing occurrence for O with lower energy. Meanwhile the pre-dawn sector near the equatorward edge of the plasma convection dominates the occurrence for the higher energy O ions. No matter whether the energy is lower or higher, the upflows occur often over a wide MLT range of lower latitudes outside the auroral oval. The upflowing within the pre-midnight (21:00― 22:00 MLT) auroral oval carrys larger energy fluxes, with extremely large fluxes for higher energy O appearing near the polar cap boundary. For altitudes of 2000―4200 km under observation, the ion conics occur much more frequently than ion beams. Ion beams are rarely found below 3000 km, while the conics occur uniformly over the observed altitudes.     

西北太平洋部分海域AVHRR、TMI与MODIS遥感海表层温度的初步验证

选取[10～35°N,110～165°E]的西北太平洋海域,利用2002年7月～2005年12月Argo浮标数据对AVHRR/MODIS/TMI SST的daily（升轨）数据进行验证.结果表明：AVHRR/MODIS/TMI daily SST与Argo浮标5～6 m层温度总体的均方差rms在0.6～0.9℃,平均偏差bias在-0.2～0.2℃,平均绝对偏差bias_abs在0.3～0.7℃.这与三传感器全球范围的SST反演目标相当,说明在本区域SST反演不存在显著偏差.各遥感SST与浮标温度的差异存在季节变化,夏季偏高,很可能与夏季垂直混合较弱,比对采用的实测水温与海表温度差距较大有关.在3种遥感SST中,TMISST偏离实测值的程度最高,且偏离范围较大.作者认为这与该区域黑潮经过,产生诸多涡旋和锋面,SST时空变化剧烈而TMI空间分辨率较低有关.本研究将为此西北太平洋海域的多源SST融合提供一个比较可靠的依据.     

一类误差不独立的变量含误差模型

对一类不独立变量含误差模型进行了探讨,建立了相应的模型,用极大似然方法给出了参数的估计;考虑了此模型的实例应用,并从相对偏差上将独立变量含误差模型与不独立变量含误差模型的结果进行比较,揭示了不独立EIV模型的先进性与较好的预测精度.