三维麦克斯韦方程的对称分裂时域有限差分方法能量守恒性分析

考虑三维电导率为零的麦克斯韦方程的对称分裂时域有限差分(SS-FDTD)方法的能量守恒性.通过新的能量方法与差分算子δx,δy,δz,笔者首次给出了数值逼近格式SS-FDTD在离散的H1模下的能量守恒式,并证明了格式在离散的H1模下的守恒性.数值算例验证了格式解的能量守恒性.     

斜入射激光脉冲与稠密等离子体相互作用产生的阿秒脉冲

利用一维粒子模拟程序研究和比较了斜入射和垂直入射激光脉冲与稠密等离子体相互作用得到的阿秒脉冲以及激光强度对阿秒脉冲转换比率的影响.同样参数下,斜入射的阿秒脉冲转换比率明显高于垂直入射的情况,滤波后得到的阿秒脉冲振幅比较大,而脉冲串中阿秒脉冲的个数则是垂直入射时的一半.根据振荡镜面模型对两种情况进行了分析,由镜面振荡方程可以对结果给出解释.保持等离子体密度不变,增大入射激光强度时,随着滤波次数的增加,斜入射与垂直入射的阿秒脉冲的转换比率逐渐趋于相同.300次以上高通滤波后我们得到了处于X射线范围的阿秒脉冲.     

两种基于苯并咪唑衍生物配体的新型铱(Ⅲ)配合物的合成及发光性能研究

合成了新型配体N-异丙基-2-苯基苯并咪唑(bi)和N-异丙基-2-(4-氟苯基)苯并咪唑(fbi),并用它们与三氯化铱和乙酰丙酮反应,制备了相应的环金属铱(Ⅲ)配合物发光材料(bi)2Ir(acac)和(fbi)2lr(acac)(acac=乙酰丙酮).对其结构用1H NMR和元素分析方法进行了表征,研究了配合物的UV-vis,荧光光谱及电化学性质.两种材料的最大发光波长分别位于514 nm和493nm.电化学研究表明,在苯环上引入氟原子后,配合物的HOMO和LUMO间能隙增大(分别为O.12 eV和0.15 eV),与最大发光波长蓝移结果吻合.     

超短激光脉冲在非均匀等离子体中的传输特性

用一维粒子模拟研究了超短激光脉冲在非均匀等离子体中传输时产生的光孤子结构和脉冲的分裂现象.比较了不同的激光强度和等离子体密度梯度对脉冲传播的影响.研究表明:超短激光脉冲在非均匀等离子体中传播时能产生传输的类孤子结构;随着入射激光强度的增大,等离子体对激光的反射密度反而减小,孤子脉冲的平均传播速度也减小;随着等离子体密度梯度的增大,等离子体对激光的反射密度变大,孤子脉冲的平均传播速度减小,孤子脉冲传播到高密度梯度的等离子体区域时,发生了全反射,反射的孤子脉冲在传播过程中由于能量的损失,低频脉冲被等离子体俘获,形成后孤子,而高频脉冲则继续传播,使得脉冲分裂.     

均匀棒纯纵向运动初值问题混合有限元方法的H(div)模误差估计

笔者继续考虑均匀棒纯纵向运动初值问题的混合有限元方法[1],利用广义混合椭圆投影的误差估计,给出了H(div)模最优误差估计,使得该问题得到进一步的解决.     

极大局部边连通有向图的度条件

对有向图D=(V(D),E(D)),顶点u和v的局部边连通度λ(u,v)=min {X:X∈E(D),D-X中不存在从u到v的路}.若对D中任意两个顶点u和v,λ(u,v)=nin{d+(u),d-(v)},称D为极大局部边连通的.笔者得到了有向图是极大局部边连通的两个度条件.推广了别人的三个结果.     

Serum levels of perfluorinated compounds in the general population in Shenzhen, China

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected in many environmental matrices, biota, and nonoccupationally exposed populations in China recently. However, little is known about the distribution and levels of various PFCs in the general population living in areas where there is PFC exposure. In the present study, the levels and prevalence of ten target PFCs were determined in 227 serum samples from a population of nonoccupationally exposed individuals in Shenzhen, China. Results indicated that human exposure to PFCs was prevalent in Shenzhen. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant PFC contaminant in the serum samples, with a median concentration of 6.72 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with a median concentration of 2.07 ng/mL. Other PFCs were detected at much lower concentrations, with median concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.87 ng/mL. Statistically, no significant (P>0.05) gender differences were observed for any of the PFCs. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlations were found between age and serum concentrations of the target PFCs, except for perfluorobutane sulfonate (R = 0.16, P = 0.01), perfluorohexanoic acid (R = 0.08, P = 0.22), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (R = 0.11, P = 0.10). Based on the one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, the total daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS for the general population in Shenzhen were calculated as 0.63 and 0.20 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively.     

Habitat-induced reciprocal transformation in the root phenotype of Oriental ginseng is associated with alteration in DNA methylation

Oriental ginseng is an important medicinal plant that grows in 2 major forms or ecotypes, wild and domesticated. Each form differs conspicuously in root phenotype, but can be converted from one type to another by habitat. Here we show that the habitat-induced transformation of ginseng root phenotype was accompanied by alteration in cytosine methylation at a large number of 5′-CCGG-3′ sites detected by the methylation-sensitive polymorphism (MSAP) marker. The collective CG and CHG methylation levels of all 4 landraces of the domesticated form were significantly lower than those of the wild form. Interestingly, artificially transplanted ginseng plants recreated in both directions the methylation levels (at least in CHG) of their natural counterparts. The methylation differences between the 2 ginseng ecotypes were validated at 2 isolated MSAP loci bearing homology to a 5S rRNA gene or a copia retrotransposon. Our results implicate a link between epigenetic variation and habitat-induced phenotypic flexibility in Oriental ginseng.     

半B-(E,F)-凸约束单目标规划的对偶性

利用半B-(E,F)-凸函数的有关性质讨论了半B-(E,F).凸函数单目标规划的弱对偶定理,强对偶定理和逆对偶定理.     

Characteristics of strontium isotopes and their implications in the Qixing Cave of Guizhou,China

The strontium isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr) of samples including soils, bedrock, soil waters, drip waters and their corresponding speleothems in the Qixing Cave (QXC), Guizhou Province, China, were systemically measured and analyzed. The results indicate that there are significant Sr isotopic differences among samples. The mean 87Sr/86Sr ratios in drip water for the samples 1#, 4# and 9# were 0.709568, 0.709139 and 0.708761, respectively, which possibly result from different flow paths, residence times, and other hydrogeological processes in the unsaturated zone overlying QXC. Meanwhile, levels of 40.8%, 57.6% and 72.4% of Sr in drip waters for 1#, 4# and 9#, respectively, were derived from bedrock dissolution, which was calculated by the mixture model of the two end-members (soil and bedrock). There is, however, no positive correlation between the relative proportion from bedrock dissolution (δ13C value is 1.8‰) and drip water δ13CDIC values. The mean drip water δ13CDIC value in 1# is the heaviest (–4.5‰) with the lowest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution, whereas the value in 9# is the lightest (–9.3‰) with the highest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution. The proportion from host rock dissolution in 4# is higher than that in 1# and lower than that in 9#, while its mean drip water δ13CDIC value (–8.6‰) is higher than that of 9# and lower than that for 1#. This suggests that the prior calcite precipitation (PCP) processes in the unsaturated zone overlying the cave are responsible for the δ13CDIC value differences between different drip waters, and not bedrock dissolution. Furthermore, this study also demonstrates that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of speleothems in the 1# and 4# mainly reflect the variation in the relative proportions from the soil system (soil water) and bedrock dissolution overlying the cave. It is, therefore, feasible to use the strontium isotopic signals of speleothems as an indicator for soil chemical weathering intensity, and consequently as a monsoon proxy in the study area.