中华稻蝗山西晋源种群乙酰胆碱酯酶生化特性研究

对中华稻蝗山西晋源种群五龄若虫和成虫进行了马拉硫磷敏感性的生物测定，同时对若虫和成虫的乙酰胆碱酯酶（ACHE）特性进行了比较研究，生物测定结果表明，晋源种群若虫的LD50值（4．94μg／g虫重）是成虫（2．44μg/g虫重）的2．02倍；有机磷抑制剂对该种群若虫和成虫的AChE的体外抑制研究表明，晋源成虫AChE对氧化毒死蜱、对氧磷、甲基内吸磷的敏感性比晋源若虫分别高1．39、1．34和1．24倍．乙酰胆碱酯酶动力学研究结果表明，若虫动力学参数Km值和Vmax值均较成虫为高；用乙酰硫代胆碱（ATC）做底物测定AChE活性，若虫AChE活性是成虫的1．22倍．中华稻蝗晋源种群若虫对有机磷抑制剂敏感性下降可能与其AChE活性的增高有关，而成虫与若虫之间AChE活性的差异可能与不同阶段虫体对马拉硫磷选择压力的差异有关。     

Correlation analysis and QTL identification for canopy temperature, leaf water potential and spikelet fertility in rice under contrasting moisture regimes

Canopy temperature (CT), leaf water potential(LWP) and spikelet fertility (SF) of a set of RILs (F9) from the cross between Zhenshan97B and IRAT109 were investigated under two soil moisture regimes in a drought screen facility. In water stress condition, CT was negatively correlated with SF (r = -0.2867) and LWP (r = -0.2740), and LWP was positively associated with SF (r = 0.1696). These results indicated that the plant with high drought tolerant ability could maintain higher LWP and lower CT, leading to highe rSF. A total of 44 main effect QTLs were associated with CT,LWP and SF. The accumulated contributions of QTLs for CT,LWP and SF were 87.85%, 15.06%, 79.46% under well water condition and 72.61%, 87.68%, 33.29% under stress condition, respectively. Totally 45 pairs of digenic interactions were detected. The accumulated contribution of digenic epistasis on CT, LWP and SF were 55.69%, 47.15%, 48.15% under well water condition and 53.44%, 57.94%, 54.62% under water stress condition. Compared with other drought tolerance QTL mapping researches in rice, 19 main effect QTLs were found to be located at the same or closely conjoint regions.     

Experimental validation of inter-subspecific genetic diversity in rice represented by the differences between the DNA sequences of ＇Nipponbare＇ and ＇93-11＇

The pedigrees of three sequenced rice cultivars were analyzed to show that a majority of the genetic composition of ＇Nipponbare＇ originates from japonica cultivars while the minority originates from indica cultivars. In contrast, ＇93-11＇ is derived mainly from indica cultivars with a smaller contribution from japonica cultivars. All ancestors of ＇Guang lu ai 4＇ appeared to be indica lines. A set of molecular markers （46 InDels and 53 SSRs） polymorphic between ＇Nipponbare＇ and ＇93-11＇ were examined in 46 typical indica and 47 typical japonica cultivars selected from 443 accessions according to Cheng＇s index. All cultivars were divided into indica and japonica groups without overlapping when clustered by Cheng＇s index, InDels and SSRs. Much higher InDel and SSR diversity between groups than within groups implies that the marker polymorphisms between ＇Nipponbare＇ and ＇93-11＇ represent a large proportion of inter-subspecific diversity. About 85% of indica cultivars and more than 90% of japonica cultivars were confirmed to have the same PCR banding patterns as ＇93-11＇ and ＇Nipponbare＇, respectively. Some polymorphic loci between ＇Nipponbare＇ and ＇93-11＇ cannot be validated in other indica and japonica cultivars, either as subspecies-specific but not predominant alleles, or alleles not specific between the two groups. It was concluded that molecular markers developed from sequence polymorphism between ＇Nipponbare＇ and ＇93-11＇ often represent inter-subspecific diversity, although some exceptions were sensitive to either particular marker loci or particular cultivars.     

越冬茬番茄主要病害防治

一、病毒病 1.症状.轻微者叶片略失绿,有斑驳,植株不矮化,叶片不变形,对产量影响不明显.严重者叶片明显出现失绿斑驳,叶片变小、细长、扭曲畸形,植株矮小,不能正常开花;叶肉组织退化,叶片扭曲成线状,同时植株丛生矮化;果表面凹凸不平,出现失绿僵硬的斑块,最后黑色坏死,剖开果实发现表皮以下变黑,不能正常转红,有时小果也变褐坏死.     

厚皮甜瓜蒙娜丽莎冬春茬栽培技术

厚皮甜瓜蒙娜丽莎为高挡哈蜜瓜类新品种，叶大蔓粗，生长旺盛，抗病，瓜码多，易坐果，幼瓜细长，膨果迅速，花后45天成熟。日光温室甜瓜茬口有春、秋、冬三季，其中以冬春茬栽培产量高、风险小，效益较好。其冬春茬栽培技术要点如下：