Regulation of BMP4 on the proliferation and differentiation in SVZa neural stem cells

The neural stem cells in the anterior subventricular zone (SVZa) mainly generate the progenitors that will differentiate into neurons, and along a highly circumscribed migratory access Rostral migratory stream (RMS), they migrate to the olfactory bulbs (OB). To understand the effects of BMPs on SVZa neural stem cells, in this study BMP4 at various concentrations was used to induce SVZa neural stem cells, and the living cell labeling using BMP4 promotor conjugated with red fluorescence protein showed the expression of BMP4 dynamically. The results demonstrated that low BMP4 doses (1-5 ng/mL) promoted while high doses (10-100 ng/mL) inhibited the proliferation of SVZa neural stem cells, and BMP4 promotedneuron differentiation in the early stage (1-3 d), howeverm, it inhibited the neuron commitment after 4 d. Noggin, the antagonist of BMP4, blocked the physiological effects of BMP4. In OB, BMP4 is mainly to accelerate the progenitors to withdraw from the cell cycle and trigger the differentiation, and in RMS, it promotes the proliferation of committed progenitors and not differentiation, further in SVZa, BMP4 enhances astrocyte commitment.     

Modulation of presynaptic nAChRs on postsynaptic GABA receptor in optic tectum of juvenile<Emphasis Type="Italic">Xenopus</Emphasis>

Using the blind patch-clamp technique with the whole-cell mode,we have studied the modulation presynaptic receptor on postsynaptic γ-raminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor measuring miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs)in optic tectum of Xenopus during critical peroid.It was demonstrated that compared with mature neurons,mIPSCs recorded from immature neurons had smaller amplitude and longer decay time.mIPSCs are mediated by GABAa receptor.The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists(carbachol,cytisine,nicotine,DMPP and so on) could increase the frequency of mIPSCs.The enhancement of mIPSCs frequency induced by nAChR agonists was calcium-dependent.However,the choline,a product of hydrolyzed acetylcholine,could not increase the frequency of mIPSCs.DH-β-E,a competitive antagonist of nAChR,blocked the increase of mIPSCs frequency induced by carbachol.Mecamyllamine,an α3β4 subtype of nAChR antagonist,also blocked the carbachol-induced enhancement of mIPSCs.On the other hand,MLA,α7 subtype of nAChR antagonist,had no effect on it .Thus,it seems that nAChR could presynaptically modulate the mIPSCs and α3β4 subtype of nAChR might be involved.But α7 nAChR subtype of nAChR would not be involved.The modulation is calcium-dependent.Meanwhile,we found that Ca^2 -free solution could elicit giant PSCs.The frequency of mIPSCs also is related with the level of HP.     

神经类固醇对高级脑功能作用的研究概述

神经类固醇是脑和神经自身合成的类固醇激素,广泛地存在于大脑及神经组织中,对学习、记忆、认知、情绪等脑功能具有非常重要的作用.本文对这方面的研究作一概述.     

针刀治疗隐神经卡压症82例和并发症防治

目的:报告针刀治疗隐神经卡压症的临床疗效及其并发症的预防。方法:针刀闭合术。结果:痊愈60例(62腿),显效14例,好转8例。结论:隐神经卡压症针刀治疗,疗效满意,治愈率高,费用低,时间短。     

针刀为主治疗椎动脉型颈椎病46例

目的报告针刀为主治疗椎动脉型颈椎病46例的临床疗效.方法1.镇痛液局部阻滞;2.针刀松解术;3.手法弹压.结果治愈34例、好转8例、无效4例,总有效率91%.结论针刀为主治疗椎动脉型颈椎病临床疗效突出.     

享誉国际的神经生理学家——张香桐

中国科学院神经科学研究所名誉所长张香桐院士，是我国对神经生理贡献最大，最负国际盛誉的神经生理学家之一。他是神经元树突生理功能研究的先驱者，在机体各部位的肌肉在猴运动皮层的定位研究、肌肉传入神经纤维分类、视觉研究、针刺镇痛神经机制的研究等方面有重要建树，对我国神经科学的发展起到了重要的推动作用。美国1989年出版的《神经科学百科全书》中，张香桐被列为“公元前300年至公元1950年间对神经科学进展有贡献的人物”之一。     

Neural correlates of short-term perceptual learning in orientation discrimination indexed by event-related potentials

The current work investigated the neural correlates of visual perceptual learning in grating orientation discrimination by recording event-related potentials (ERPs) from human adults. Subjects were trained with a discrimination task of grating orientation in three consecutive training sessions within 2 h. While reaction times (RTs) were shortened gradually across training sessions, the N1 was decreased and the P2 was increased over the parietal and occipital areas. A broadly distributed P3 was increased along with more practices. In addition, the time course of learning reflected in the P2 and P3 amplitudes was in line with the changes of reaction times and exhibited a stable level during later training. The impli- cations of these results to the neural mechanisms subserving perceptual learning were discussed.     

运动与巨噬细胞的研究进展

巨噬细胞(Mφ)是参与免疫应答的重要细胞。中、小强度的运动使巨噬细胞的吞噬能力增强,而大强度运动使巨噬细胞的吞噬能力下降;同时运动也使机体内一些神经递质、激素的分泌水平发生变化,而激素、神经递质的改变又影响神经内分泌系统对巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用。     

国际环境下的项目政治风险评价模型

在分析国际环境下项目政治风险的基础上，根据最优化原理和Lagrangian算子性质，得到国际环境下项目政治风险识别和选择的最优性条件，提出基于反向传播（BP）神经算法的国际项目政治风险评价模型．通过对60个国际项目进行政治风险的识别、选择、评价和分析，仿真试验结果表明，该模型及算法效果良好，可以综合众多专家的知识，计算结果精度较高，能准确评价政治风险对项目成本的影响．