Study of CNG／diesel dual fuel engine＇s emissions by means of RBF neural network

Great efforts have been made to resolve the serious environmental pollution and inevitable declining of energy resources. A review of Chinese fuel reserves and engine technology showed that compressed natural gas (CNG)/diesel dual fuel engine (DFE) was one of the best solutions for the above problems at present. In order to study and improve the emission performance of CNG/diesel DFE, an emission model for DFE based on radial basis function (RBF) neural network was developed which was a black-box input-output training data model not require priori knowledge. The RBF centers and the connected weights could be selected automatically according to the distribution of the training data in input-output space and the given approximating error. Studies showed that the predicted results accorded well with the experimental data over a large range of operating conditions from low load to high load. The developed emissions model based on the RBF neural network could be used to successfully predict and optimize the emissions performance of DFE. And the effect of the DFE main performance parameters, such as rotation speed, load, pilot quantity and injection timing, were also predicted by means of this model. In resum6, an emission prediction model for CNG/diesel DFE based on RBF neural network was built for analyzing the effect of the main performance parameters on the CO, NOx emissions of DFE. The predicted results agreed quite well with the traditional emissions model, which indicated that the model had certain application value, although it still has some limitations, because of its high dependence on the quantity of the experimental sample data.     

高丰度硅-28同位素的分离技术

同位素纯硅片具有特殊的物理性质,在信息技术领域有着非常广阔的应用前景。为获得高丰度28Si,利用国产的高速气体离心机,选择SiF4作为分离的工作介质,对硅同位素进行了离心分离实验。通过单机分离实验,调整气体离心机的有关参数,摸索出适合级联分离的单机参数,同时得到气体离心机分离硅同位素的单位质量数的全分离系数γ0。利用由4台离心机组成的级联,经过6个阶段的分离,得到了28Si丰度达到99.5%的样品。实验结果表明,离心法分离硅同位素是完全可行的。     

生物脱臭技术研究

污水厂在处理城市污水的过程中,产生大量脱水污泥,对这些污泥的无害化、资源化处理是可持续发展的重要研究课题,而利用脱水污泥和粉煤灰制造轻质骨料是最重要方法之一,但脱水污泥在高温烘干过程中会有一些恶臭物质随水分蒸发出来污染环境,采用生物技术对其进行脱臭处理,不仅处理方法简单、经济、无二次污染,而且使恶臭污染得到控制.     

“黑老大”向液体燃料的转化——煤炭能源的一场革命

自古以来,很多天字一号的纪录让国人引以为自豪,比如世界最多的人口、世界最高的山峰以及世界最长的城墙等。但是,还有一项我们并不希望的世界纪录:我国是紧随美国之后的世界第二大温室气体排放国,我们正在向这个不光彩的世界第一靠近。     

支持向量机在电力变压器故障诊断中的应用

利用支持向量机的学习方法，构建了电力变压器故障诊断模型，该模型将变压器故障分为放电性和过热性两大类，通过统计分析寻求特征量区分类间的故障类型，采用支持向量机识别类内的故障类型，利用基于交叉验证的网格搜索法来确定支持向量机的参数．考虑到变压器油中溶解气体特征空间的紧致性原理，利用模糊C均值聚类算法对所获取的样本进行预选取，有效解决了确定模型参数耗时巨大的问题，并在一定程度上提高了模型的推广能力．实例验证表明，该模型在有限样本情况下，能达到较高的变压器故障判断率，放电性故障样本正确判断率为90．5%，过热性故障样本正确判断率为85．9%，说明该模型具有很好的分类效果和推广能力．     

近岸、河口缺氧区域的主要生物地球化学耗氧过程

近岸、河口区的缺氧问题正逐步发展为全球性的重大生态环境问题,探究缺氧的形成、变化趋势及其控制机理科学意义显著,也是区域环境保护与治理决策的科学基础.珠江是中国第二大河,其主要入海口之一的虎门及其上游水域的表层溶解氧浓度经常小于3 mg/L,甚至低达0.5～1 mg/L,该低氧水域面积超过70 km^2.本文以珠江口缺氧区域为主,综述了近岸、河口区的主要生物地球化学耗氧过程,提出在分析近岸、河口区的缺氧问题时必须综合考虑有机物耗氧分解与硝化作用,缺氧水域同时也是CO2、N2O、CH4等生源温室气体的重要源地.     

破碎岩体中的气体渗流规律研究

从实际流体的运动微分方程出发，推导得出了破碎岩体中的气体渗流微分方程，并进一步结合流-固耦合理论导出了破碎岩体中的流-固耦合随机微分方程：通过白行设计的试验仪器、试验方法，进行了破碎岩体中的气体渗流试验，得出了不同粒径的破碎砂岩的气体渗透率，并给出了破碎岩体中的渗透率变化规律，丰富了破碎岩体中气体的渗流理论和试验方法，对以后该问题的进一步研究具有一定的参考价值。     

超临界CO2气体在挤出和注射成型中的应用

超临界气体是一种具有独特性质的气体,已经在萃取分离、分析技术、化学工程、材料科学、生物医学工程、环境保护等很多领域得到广泛的应用。介绍了超临界气体的性质以及近年来超临界CO2气体在高分子材料挤出、注射成型等加工过程中的原理及应用,并对此技术在高分子加工中存在的问题和未来的发展前景进行了总结和展望。     

Pseudo-particle modeling for gas flow in microchannels

The velocity profiles and temperature distributions of gas flow in microchannels, for Knudsen numbers ranging from 0.01 to 0.20, are investigated with pseudo-particle modeling (PPM). It has been found that the velocity profiles are mainly affected by Knudsen number and the external force fields applied. When Knudsen number was increased, the slip velocities on the walls increased at the beginning, and then decreased. The temperature distributions were also significantly affected by the external force. The Darcy friction factor increased with increasing Knudsen number, and its variation with Mach number under increased Knudsen number was similar to the so-called premature laminar-turbulent transition observed in experiments.