数码摄像技术在磁粉探伤自动化中的应用初探

简要介绍无损检测的国内外研究动态,提出了一个以数码摄像机或相机作为图像数据采集及信号转换工具的磁粉探伤自动化试验系统,运用通用串行总线USG实现数码相机与计算机之间的数字图像传输,用专用的iLink电缆连接数码摄像机与计算机,按IEEE1394标准进行数据传输,论述了总体设计思想及工作原理,讨论了凸轮轴表面裂纹数码图像的效果及其预处理情况,并运用实例进一步加以说明。     

超声相控阵低信噪比背景下相关相位校正

超声相控阵中,相位校正在消除相位畸变中起着重要作用。部分相控阵探头,阵元的面积小,回波信号弱,信噪比差。针对该问题,首先研究了邻近和集总相关估计在不同信噪比情况下的校正性能:发现信噪比SNR>12 dB时,邻近相关估计基本不产生估计误差;SNR<5 dB时,邻近相关估计产生的误差随着信噪比下降急剧增大。而集总相关即使在噪声强度较小时也不能做到估计误差为0;在噪声强度增大的过程中,其估计误差并未急剧增加,这与邻近相关估计不同。根据邻近和集总相关的特点,提出了混合相关校正结构。实验表明,混合相关充分利用了邻近和集总相关估计的优点,显著提高了图像质量。     

基于 AD5933的电磁金属探伤电路设计

设计电磁探伤电路,该电路体积小、操作简单、成本低,其中阻抗芯片AD5933由单片机控制以产生激励信号并解调检测信号。同时,设计控制软件,该软件具有激励频率设置、数据读取模式设置、通道设置等功能。实验结果表明,该电路可以探测样品是否存在缺陷及缺陷的大概位置,在未来的船舶港口机械金属结构探伤中具有实用潜能。     

自动磁粉探伤系统中的图像处理与识别技术

讨论自动磁粉探伤系统中数字图像处理问题,采用浮动阈值和条件跟踪复合分割法得到了较好的二值化图像;采用树状连通域搜索和基于裂纹图像基本特征的识别方法,满足了自动磁粉探伤系统的要求.     

T型焊缝超声波检测技术

<正>随着社会的发展和科学的进步,许多大型桥梁架设设备和大型空间结构的运用,钢结构焊缝越来越多,工程上对焊缝的要求也越来越高,T型焊缝就是一种常见     

Ultra-Thin Flexible Eddy Current Sensor Array for Gap Measurements

An ultra-thin flexible eddy current proximity sensor array was developed for online measurements of tiny gaps between large smooth metallic and nonmetallic surfaces of arbitrary shapes. The probe of the flexible eddy current sensor array, which includes a set of sensor coils, is fabricated on a thin flexible substrate using the flexible printed circuit board process which allows the probe to be very thin and flexible so that it can conform to the surface geometry of the measured objects. The sensor coils are connected to an inductance-capacitance oscillator, which converts the distance between the sensor coil and the metallic target to a frequency output. Experimental results show that the measurement accuracy of the sensor system can reach 0.5% for a 2-mm gap and the sensor system is suitable for online gap measurements.     

Mixed Frequency Ultrasound Phased Array

A mixed frequency ultrasonic phased array (MPA) was developed to improve the focus, in which the element excitation frequencies are not all the same as in a normal constant frequency phased array. A theoretical model of the mixed frequency phased array based on the interference principle was used to simulate the array‘s sound distribution. The pressure intensity in the array focal area was enhanced and the scanning area having effective contrast resolution was enlarged. The system is especially useful for high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) with more powerful energy and ultrasound imaging diagnostics with improved signal to noise ratios, improved beam forming and more uniform imaging quality.     

掺杂对酸法铁黄制备过程的影响

研究了酸法铁黄制备过程中掺杂Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｎ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋，ＰＯ４＾３－等离子对晶种及铁黄形态和结构的影响，并初步探讨了杂质的作用机制。研究发现：掺杂离子改变晶种及铁黄的形态和结构，掺杂Ｚｎ＾２＋可增加晶种轴比，减少枝权和孪晶，优化铁黄形态。     

脉冲电视热成像无损探伤装置的研制

介绍我们研制的国内首台脉冲电视热成像无损探伤装置及该技术的基本原理和检测方法．利用该装置，对不同材料的试件进行了探伤研究，给出了探伤结果