微分变换在压杆稳定问题中的应用

通过一个例子说明微分变换法在压杆稳定问题中的应用方法。     

浅析钢筋混凝土施工中的钢筋质量控制

钢筋工程是混凝土结构工程的关键。文章针对钢筋混凝土施工中的钢筋质量 ,主要介绍钢筋锈蚀、污染问题 ;钢筋保护层厚度 ,以及钢筋位置的控制及纠正措施。     

判异准则在标准差控制图上的应用

在标准差控制图的八个判异准则基础上,提出了相应的非对称标准差控制图的判异准则,分别给出了它们的实际报警率,并讨论了八个准则应用在标准差控制图时的平均运行长度。     

基于锚链状态监测的锚泊安全评估

针对锚泊船在强风中容易走锚的情况，提出了根据锚泊船锚链受力状况，对锚泊状态做出分析的一种安全评估方法．对锚链的监测主要是观测锚链在锚链筒处与铅垂线的夹角，据此可以估算出锚泊船所受到的外力大小．然后将外力与锚泊力进行比较，从而可以判断出锚泊船是否处于安全状态．     

基于改进的遗传算法求一元非线性方程的根

对求优化问题的标准遗传算法加以改进，并利用改进后的遗传算法求一元非线性方程的根，数值模拟表明，在染色体的长度控制在6-8的情形下，不仅不依赖函数的性质和初值的选择，而且可快速求出方程的高精度的根。     

苦参碱在玻碳电极上的直接电化学行为及电分析方法研究

研究了生理介质中苦参碱在玻碳电极上的直接电化学行为,结果发现,在0.30～1.20V(相对于SCE)的电位窗口内及0.15mol/LNaCl水溶液中,苦参碱在0.92V附近产生了一个不可逆氧化峰,并且在一定条件下电极反应受扩散步骤控制.运用差分脉冲伏安法研究了苦参碱的峰电流与其浓度的关系,确定了浓度测定线性范围4.0×10-4～1.4×10-2mol/L,检测限为(4.0±0.02)×10-4mol/L.用该方法测定了相应药物中苦参碱的含量,相对偏差在0.6%以内,平均回收率为100.0%～101.0%,测定的精密度和准确度符合测定要求.     

羌塘盆地中晚侏罗世旋回地层初步分析

羌塘盆地是中国海相侏罗系最为发育的地区之一,对该套地层开展了旋回地层学研究,初步的研究结果表明羌塘盆地中上侏罗统至少存在四种旋回类型,即沉积旋回、古生物旋回、地球化学旋回和磁化率旋回,并按级别将低频旋回划分为3个旋回级次.其中一级旋回是由顶底不整合面限制的一个总体向上变粗变浅的充填序列,持续时间为48 Ma;二级旋回显示为大型的海进-海退旋回,旋回的时间跨度为27～29 Ma;三级旋回显示为向上变粗或向上变细的不完整旋回,旋回的时间跨度为7～14 Ma.古生物旋回、地球化学旋回(碳氧稳定同位素、微量元素)和磁化率旋回与沉积旋回具有良好的响应,并与特提斯同期低频旋回具有很好的对比性.     

SEM analysis of the changes of carbon layer structure of mesocarbon microbeads heat-treated at different temperatures

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with narrow size distribution, excellent sphericity and no obvious conglutination have been prepared with a coal tar pitch containing quinoline insolubles (QI) as the raw material. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to examine the structure of the MCMB. It has been found that SEM technique shows the structural information of MCMB clearly in the form of micrographs even when the structure of MCMB is complex, while the optical technique is useful for analysis of the regular structure of the mesophase spheres but cannot be effectively used to analyze either the complex structure of the green MCMB or the structures of the further heat-treated ones at different temperatures. According to the characteristics of the carbon layers, the structures of the as-prepared MCMB in the present experiment could be classified as (I) Parallel Layer type structure and (2) Bent Layer type structure with the carbon layers gathering at one or two points in the MCMB. In the experiments, SEM is also utilized to investigate the structures of MCMB that are heat-treated at different temperatures. It has been found that the MCMB without any further heat-treatment show no layered-carbons, while the ones heat-treated at temperaturehigher than 1000℃ exhibit obvious layered carbons across their sections. When increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the carbon layers become thinner and flatter.     

Analysis of carbon isotopes in airborne carbonate and implications for aeolian sources

Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance.     

室温下N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺活化酯法合成吡咯-2,5-二乙酰胺

在室温下用一锅反应法以二环己基碳二亚胺（DCC）（2 equiv．）为偶合试剂，使用过量（4equiv．）的胺，用N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺（Hosu）（2 equiv．）活化酯法合成了吡咯-2，5-二酰胺，且产率（70％）比在低温时（63％）有所提高．探讨了选用不同的合成方法及偶合试剂以及反应条件和试剂的用量对合成目标产物的影响．