羌塘盆地中晚侏罗世旋回地层初步分析

羌塘盆地是中国海相侏罗系最为发育的地区之一,对该套地层开展了旋回地层学研究,初步的研究结果表明羌塘盆地中上侏罗统至少存在四种旋回类型,即沉积旋回、古生物旋回、地球化学旋回和磁化率旋回,并按级别将低频旋回划分为3个旋回级次.其中一级旋回是由顶底不整合面限制的一个总体向上变粗变浅的充填序列,持续时间为48 Ma;二级旋回显示为大型的海进-海退旋回,旋回的时间跨度为27～29 Ma;三级旋回显示为向上变粗或向上变细的不完整旋回,旋回的时间跨度为7～14 Ma.古生物旋回、地球化学旋回(碳氧稳定同位素、微量元素)和磁化率旋回与沉积旋回具有良好的响应,并与特提斯同期低频旋回具有很好的对比性.     

3-羟基-5-甲基-异嗯唑异构化的量子化学研究

用密度泛函理论方法，在B3LYP／6—31G水平上研究了3-羟基-5-甲基-异嗯唑的异构化，优化了反应物、产物和过渡态的几何构型，采用MP2／6—31G方法计算了单点能量，并用频率振动模式和内禀坐标(IRC)确证了过渡态的存在。     

广州夏季大气中碳气溶胶浓度水平及污染特征

2002年6-7月于广州市3个采样点采集PM10和PM25样品,测定了PM10,PM25以及元素碳(EC)和有机碳(OC)的浓度.PM10和PM2.5平均浓度分别为124.77μg@m-3及78.13μg@m-3.PM10和PM2.5中的OC浓度分别为22.3μg@m-3和15.80μg@m-3,EC浓度分别为7.78和5.90μg@m-3,其中73.8%的OC和77.7%的EC存在于PM25中.在3个采样点PM10和PM25中,OC/EC比值均大于2.0,表明广州夏季大气存在二次污染.各种气象条件对OC、EC浓度及其比值的变化都有不同程度的影响,其中降水和风速是OC、EC浓度变化的主要气象因素.     

SEM analysis of the changes of carbon layer structure of mesocarbon microbeads heat-treated at different temperatures

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with narrow size distribution, excellent sphericity and no obvious conglutination have been prepared with a coal tar pitch containing quinoline insolubles (QI) as the raw material. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to examine the structure of the MCMB. It has been found that SEM technique shows the structural information of MCMB clearly in the form of micrographs even when the structure of MCMB is complex, while the optical technique is useful for analysis of the regular structure of the mesophase spheres but cannot be effectively used to analyze either the complex structure of the green MCMB or the structures of the further heat-treated ones at different temperatures. According to the characteristics of the carbon layers, the structures of the as-prepared MCMB in the present experiment could be classified as (I) Parallel Layer type structure and (2) Bent Layer type structure with the carbon layers gathering at one or two points in the MCMB. In the experiments, SEM is also utilized to investigate the structures of MCMB that are heat-treated at different temperatures. It has been found that the MCMB without any further heat-treatment show no layered-carbons, while the ones heat-treated at temperaturehigher than 1000℃ exhibit obvious layered carbons across their sections. When increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the carbon layers become thinner and flatter.     

Analysis of carbon isotopes in airborne carbonate and implications for aeolian sources

Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance.     

荧光动力学分析法测定5种酮清除超氧自由基和羟基自由基的活性

利用荧光动力学分析法研究了5种酮化合物对超氧自由基(O2.-)和羟基自由基(.OH)的清除作用.利用邻苯三酚自氧化产生O2.-;利用Fenton反应产生.OH,向这2个反应体系中分别加入5种口山酮化合物,O2.-和.OH的产生速率明显降低.说明5种酮化合物对和有较强的抑制作用.探讨了酮化合物的结构与其抗氧活性的关系.     

2-(4-羟基苯氧基)丙酸乙酯的合成

以L-乳酸乙酯为原料，经酰化、缩合反应合成了2-(4-羟基苯氧基)丙酸乙酯．实验主要考察了催化剂、反应温度与时间、原料配比、溶剂用量、碱用量等因素的影响，荻得了优化的反应条件，收率达90％以上．经红外光谱、质谱对合成的化合物进行了结构袁征。     

黄土高原西缘末次盛冰期以来古气候演化的有机碳同位素记录

综合CaCO3含量、碳酸盐碳、氧同位素资料，并结合研究区的区域特征，对兰州红咀寺剖面有机碳同位素气候指示意义进行了研究．结果表明，在黄土高原西缘，有机碳同位素δ^13Corg波动反映C3／C4植物比例改变，指示温度变化．δ^13Corg值偏正时，表明C4植物含量较大，反映温度较高．有机碳同位素和CaCO3含量、碳酸盐碳、氧同位素共同揭示了兰州地区末次盛冰期气候较全新世明显偏低，在11．5kaBP，13．9kaBP存在两次明显的降温；进人全新世以后，兰州气候开始逐渐变暖，但仍存在8．8kaBP、5．0kaBP和3．2kaBP的三次突然升温以及8．0kaBP、6．8kaBP和5．3kaBP的降温事件，说明了兰州地区气候变化的复杂性和不稳定性．     

室温下N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺活化酯法合成吡咯-2,5-二乙酰胺

在室温下用一锅反应法以二环己基碳二亚胺（DCC）（2 equiv．）为偶合试剂，使用过量（4equiv．）的胺，用N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺（Hosu）（2 equiv．）活化酯法合成了吡咯-2，5-二酰胺，且产率（70％）比在低温时（63％）有所提高．探讨了选用不同的合成方法及偶合试剂以及反应条件和试剂的用量对合成目标产物的影响．     

端羟基聚d,l-乳酸及d,l-乳酸-ε-己内酯共聚物预聚体的合成

文中研究了端羟基聚d,l-乳酸及d,l-乳酸-ε-己内酯共聚物预聚体的合成方法以及反应温度、单体比、催化剂用量等对预聚体结构的影响.结果表明预聚体合成的最佳反应条件为:n(LA)/n(CL)=8/2,θ=195℃,催化剂质量分数0.3%,还原剂质量分数0.1%,总反应时间31 h.在该反应条件下可合成出结构明确、酸值较为理想、可满足进一步扩链要求的端羟基预聚体.并用羟值分析和GPc等对产物进行了表征.