Sedimentation of a single particle between two parallel walls

The sedimentation of a single circular particle between two parallel walls was studied by means of direct numerical simulation (DNS) and experiment. The improved implementation of distributed Lagrange multiplier/fictitious domain method used in our DNS is a promising new way for simulation of particulate flows. The settling behaviors of the particle are presented ranging in Reynolds number from 0 to about 700, which showed that our results for low Reynolds numbers agreed well with that reported before. Nevertheless, for higher Reynolds numbers our results were different from theirs. The long-term mean equilibrium positions in our results were all on the centerline, but not at off-center position as reported before. In order to validate our simulation, experiments were also conducted. The results showed that the sedimenting behavior simulated in this paper agreed well with our experiment result.     

Pt羰基簇合物途径制备的Pt/C催化剂对甲醇的电催化氧化

通过Pt羰基簇合物在N2气氛下于150℃热分解制得了无定形的碳载纳米Pt催化剂。发现甲醇在这种催化剂上氧化的起始电位和峰电位均比在传统的液相还原法制得的Pt／C催化剂上发生了,负移,峰电流也有明显的增加,且稳定性好。表明通过Pt羰基簇合物热分解制备Pt／C催化剂是一种较好的制备甲醇氧化电催化剂的方法。     

辣根过氧化物酶在MnO2纳米片薄膜中的直接电化学与电催化行为

采用新型纳米材料MnO₂纳米片作为固定辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的载体, 制备了HRP/MnO₂纳米片修饰的玻碳电极(GCE). 在MnO₂纳米片薄膜中, HRP能够实现有效的直接电子转移, 在pH 6.5的磷酸缓冲溶液中, 修饰电极的循环伏安曲线上显示出一对可逆的氧化还原峰, 式量电位为-0.315 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). HRP在MnO₂纳米片/GCE表面的电子转移速率常数为6.86 s^-1. HRP/MnO₂纳米片/GCE的式量电位(mV)在pH 4.0~8.0范围内与溶液pH值成线性关系, 其斜率为-53.75 mV·pH^-1, 表明电极反应在发生一个电子转移的同时还伴随一个质子的转移. 修饰后的电极对H₂O₂有良好响应, 响应时间小于3 s, 在信噪比为3时, 最低检出限为0.21 μmol·L^-1.     

基于U-I模型的感应电机定子磁链估计的仿真研究

定子磁场定向的直接转矩控制逐渐被广泛应用于高性能异步电机调速系统。定子磁链估计精度是影响控制系统动态、稳态性能的主要因素。由于定子电阻参数变化及低通滤波器的影响，尤其低速运行时，传统定子磁链估计方法的估计精度及快速性往往很差。提出了一个全新的改进U-I模型定子磁链估计方案，不仅解决了定子电阻整定补偿问题。而且解决了低通滤波器截止频率优化补偿问题．在此基础上，建立直接转矩控制方案的仿真系统，仿真结果表明提出的方案能够使异步电机在低速到高速范围内都能得到令人满意的性能。     

工程机械液压底盘试验台双马达同步的研究

提出了基于直接自适应控制和模糊控制相结合的新方法,对工程机械液压底盘试验台的单泵双马达驱动的转速同步控制进行了研究,并且对PID控制与直接自适应模糊控制方法进行了研究对比。仿真结果表明直接自适应和模糊控制相结合的方法比PID控制更能够改善系统的同步控制效果。此研究结果有助于提高试验台的控制品质。     

基于DDS技术的FM信号发生器的设计及其FPGA实现

以FPGA为主要硬件,采用直接数字频率合成技术结合嵌入式锁相环,开发出了一种具有数字调制功能的FM信号发生器,并在自行研制的ALTERA Cyclone实验板上得到实现.经调试,该信号发生器的频率分辨率为0.596 HZ,最高输出载波频率达到10 MHz,同时具有输出相位连续,抗干扰能力强等优点.     

论激发学生英语学习兴趣的几点做法

爱因斯坦说过"兴趣是最好的老师."只有学生感兴趣的东西,他们才会积极地开动脑筋,认真思考,想方设法以最简便、最有效的方法去获得最多的知识.因此,英语教学的第一步就是引起学生的学习兴趣,从而提高学生学习的积极性和自觉性.     

直接缩聚法合成淀粉接枝可降解聚酯和聚酯酰胺及其表征

以可溶性淀粉、乳酸、乙醇酸和己内酰胺为原料在氯化亚锡催化下直接缩聚制备得到了淀粉接枝乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物及淀粉接枝乳酸-乙醇酸-己内酰胺共聚物。用核磁共振(NMR)、差热(DSC)及热重(TG)分析分别对产物的结构和热性能进行了表征。     

基于损伤应变模态的结构损伤识别直接指标法

目前应变类损伤指标大多只能损伤定位,个别方法可初步确定损伤程度,但普遍存在一弱点,即需同时利用损伤前后的模态参数,要得到损伤前的模态数据非常困难,该方法难以在土木工程中推广应用．文中提出基于损伤应变模态差分原理的损伤位置直接指标法ID、基于局域应变模态面积的损伤程度直接指标法IA,只需利用损伤后应变模态数据即能定位损伤、确定损伤程度．推导了损伤应变模态差分格式．建立了损伤位置直接指标、最优多项式完好应变模态曲线拟合、损伤程度直接指标数学模型．根据理论推导和数值仿真统计分析,提出损伤位置判定准则:(1)若某点的每阶指标值均最大,则该点有损伤;(2)若某点的某阶或多阶指标值越大,则该点损伤可能性越大;(3)对于某阶节点损伤,则可通过其余阶的指标值定位损伤．得出损伤程度直接指标具有以下4个特点:(1)随损伤程度增加呈单调递增趋势;(2)与损伤位置无关;(3)与应变模态阶数无关;(4)与是否归一化无关．     

Transitional phenomenon of particle dispersion in gas-solid two-phase flows

Without using any turbulent model, direct numerical simulation of a three-dimensional gas-solid two-phase turbulent jet was performed by finite volume method. The effects on dispersion of particles with different Stokes numbers by the transitional behavior of turbulent structures were investigated. To produce high-resolution results and reduce the computation and storage, the fractional-step projection algorithm was used to solve the governing equations of gas phase fluid. The low-storage, three-order Runge-Kutta scheme was used for time integration. The governing equations of particles were solved in the Lagrangian framework. These numerical schemes were validated by the good agreement be-tween the statistical results of flow field and the related experimental data. In the study of particle dis-persion, it was found that the effects on particle dispersion by the spanwise vortex structures were prominent. The new behaviors of particle dispersion were also observed during the evolution of the flow field, i.e. the transitional phenomenon of particle dispersion occurs for the particles with small and intermediate Stokes numbers.