催化动力学光度法测定痕量锰

实验研究了在NaOH介质中锰催化过氧化氢桑色素褪色反应及其动力学条件,测定了反应级数和表观活化能,建立了测定痕量锰的新方法。该方法检出限为9.34×10-7g/L,线性范围为3.2×10-5~1.44×10-4g/L。可用于水中痕量锰的测定。     

Fate of secondary effluent dissolved organic matter during soil-aquifer treatment

The reduction of mass and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its fractions from secondary effluent during laboratory-scale soil-aquifer treatment (SAT) soil columns were studied. Reduction in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), absorbance of ultraviolet light at 254 nm (UV-254), biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) and nonbiodegradable dis- solved organic carbon (NBDOC) for the bulk DOM averaged 72.35%, 53.98%, 97.49% and 35.33% across the soil columns, respectively. Using XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins, DOM was fractionated into 3 fractions: hydrophobic acid (HPO-A), transphilic acid (TPI-A) and hydrophilic fraction (HPI). HPO-A was removed by 61.06%, TPI-A by 54.86% and HPI by 74.95% as DOC as a consequence of the laboratory-scale SAT, respectively. The reduction of THMFP from HPO-A, TPI-A and HPI was 27.24%, 26.24% and 36.08%, respectively. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra revealed that the HPO-A isolated from the secondary effluent contained more aromatic functional groups than the corresponding TPI-A. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum analysis illustrated that TPI-A had decreased hydrocarbon and increased aromatics content in the SAT columns. Specific ultraviolet light absorbance (SUVA) and specific THMFP for each DOM fraction increased across the soil columns and HPI exhibited greater increase in both than HPO-A and TPI-A. The most problematic THM precursor was found to be HPO-A with its high quantity present in recharged water and high chlorine reactivity.     

分光光度法测定工业废水中的Cd（Ⅱ）

聚乙烯醇、硼酸及碘于酸水溶液中能形成蓝色复合物，在Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）的存在下，该复合物的吸光度值降低，且降低的程度与Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）的含量成正比，用此法测定工业废水中的Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）。结果令人满意。     

改进的价连接指数应用于有机物生物毒性的研究

用改进的分子价连接性拓扑指数^0χ^h、^1χ^h研究了卤代芳烃、醇和含氮杂环化合物对生物毒性的相关性(QSAR)，给出了相关方程。结果表明，新方法计算方便，物理意义明确，预测值与相应的实验值较吻合。     

用阳极溶出伏安法研究天然水中铅与有机物作用的特性

将内蒙古的呼伦湖，中国南海北部的所有水样通过０．４５μｍ过滤，用阳极溶出伏安法进行测定，在天然ｐＨ下，测定了铅的表观络合容量和条件稳定常数，呼伦湖的络合容量（Ｃ．Ｃ）比海水大，ｌｏｇＫ相近，海水的Ｃ．Ｃ极大值在表层，随深度增加而减小。     

检验有机物燃烧生成水、二氧化碳的实验设计

检验有机物燃烧生成水、二氧化碳的实验,传统的方法是用干燥的烧怀罩住火焰,观察烧杯内壁是否有无色透明液滴生成来断定有水的生成;再把烧杯迅速翻倒过来,滴加饱和澄清石灰水,看是否有乳白色浑浊现象,断定是否有二氧化碳生成.这样操作,我认为从科学实验的严谨性,现象有明显性,操作的简单性,以及实验的连续性等方面有如下缺点:     

土壤及底泥中65种有机物同步测定及其质控要点

本文对土壤及底泥中65种挥发性有机物测定方法进行了简单的介绍,并重点阐述了测定方法中的质量控制要求,包括样品保存、标准溶液中间液有效期、内标使用原则、系统性能检验以及平行样品和基体加标的测定原则等9个方面,拟为制订土壤及底泥中挥发性有机物测定的质量控制标准提供依据。     

包结化合物对痕量金属离子的富集作用

本文以环氧氯丙烷为交联剂与β-环糊精反应，合成了环糊精聚合物。该聚合物能与2一萘偶氮-8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸形成稳定的包结化合物，在适当的条件下，它可以选择性地富集锌离子，结果令人满意。