霉菌菌丝球对重金属Cr（VI）的吸附特性

自活性污泥中筛选到一株对重金属Cr（VI）有很强吸附能力的霉菌菌株G-28。结果表明，G-28菌丝球吸附铬的适宜pH为1．0～3．0，适宜温度为20～45℃。在Cr（VI）初始浓度10～60mg·L^-1范围内，G-28对Cr（VI）吸附效果明显。该菌株吸附铬的适宜摇速为150～180r·min^-1，吸附率达98．2％～98．8％。培养48h的菌丝球对Cr（VI）的吸附率最大。吸附动力学研究表明，G-28对铬的吸附0～2h是一个快速过程，而2～12h为慢吸附过程，12h后趋于平衡。G-28菌丝球灭活后，仍具有较强的吸附能力。G-28对电镀废水Cr（VI）的吸附率高达99.1%。     

浮萍生物富集洛克沙胂与阿散酸的动力学特性研究

通过静态法和半静态法研究了浮萍Lemna minor生物富集0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg.L-1洛克沙胂、阿散酸(以砷计)的动力学过程。静态法的研究结果表明:大约55 d,浮萍生物富集各个质量浓度的洛克沙胂、阿散酸均基本达到平衡;0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg.L-1洛克沙胂的生物富集系数(BCF)分别为:3 116.7、1 308.0、548.4、355.0;0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg.L-1阿散酸的BCF分别为:690.0、341.1、255.9、179.8;而且浮萍对各个质量浓度的洛克沙胂、阿散酸的BCF随水体浓度升高而减小。半静态法研究结果表明:浮萍对洛克沙胂、阿散酸的生物富集系数(BCF)、吸收速率常数(K1)随水体质量浓度的增大而减小;同等质量浓度的洛克沙胂的吸收速率常数(K1)大于阿散酸。     

三丁基锡对水生生物毒理学影响的研究进展

综述了三丁基锡(TBT)对水生生物的毒理学效应,认为主要表现在干扰海产腹足类的内分泌而诱导性畸变现象的产生,抑制微藻的光合作用和呼吸作用,破坏水生动物超氧化物歧化酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶等蛋白质的活性,对软体动物的DNA造成不同程度的损伤.同时,探讨了TBT的降解、伤害作用机制及研究前景等.     

民族院校中专业野外实习教学模式的设计与实践

野外实习是生物科学、生态学专业实践教学中的重要环节,在巩固学生学校所学理论知识及培养和提高学生实际动手能力等方面具有重要意义.本文以在民族地区自然保护区野外实习的有益实践及获得的良好实习效果,提出生物科学、生态学专业开展研究与教学结合的野外实习教学模式.     

头孢菌素C生产废水特征及其处理工艺初探

头孢菌素生产废水含难降解有机物和生物毒性物质,发酵残余母液营养物和悬浮浓度高、pH值波动大、温度较高、色度高且气味重、水质水量冲击负荷变化大.采用物化+厌氧+好氧工艺组合处理抗生素废水是主要的工艺技术路线.该文以头孢菌素C钠盐生产线为例,从建设项目环境影响评价角度探讨其生产废水产生环节、污水特征和废水处理工艺,提出适合头孢菌素C生产污水特征和排放要求的污水处理工艺组合,并探讨其达标排放可行性.     

Ecdysteroids in the larvae of Opogona sacchari （Bojer）, a invasive alien pest

In order to understand the composition and quantitative variation of ecdysteriods in the larvae of Opogona sacchari (Bojer), a invasive alien pest, we analyzed the larval ecdysteroid composition and titers in this pest. The main component of ecdysteriods in the larvae of O. sacchari is 20-hydroxyecdysone, and also there is a little 26-hydroxyecdysone. The titer of ecdysteriods in the larvae from the 1st instar to the 7th instar was gotten higher gradually compared on ng ecdyster-oid/larva, but no regularity could be found about the titer if compared on ng ecdysteroid/g avoirdupois. There was only one peak of ecdysteroids (0.5475 ng/larva) showed at day 2 during the developmental time of the 6th instar larvae. However, there were two peaks appearing during the developmental time of the 7th instar larvae , one peak (0.29415 ng/larva) at day 3, another (0.214 ng/larva) at day 5.     

Biomineralization of phototrophic microbes in silica-enriched hot springs in South China

Microbial mats in two hot springs in South China were sampled for the research of mineralization of microbes and its mechanism by the methods of geology and modern biology. The results show that hot spring microbes have the key capability for enrichment of Si, Al, Fe, Ca and other elements, and the microbes are also crucial for the formation of SiO2, CaCO3, clay and so on. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play important roles in the process of mineralization of hot spring microbes, which mainly takes place in the layer of EPS outside cell wall or sheath of cyanobacteria. The sheath outside cell wall, which keeps the normal metabolism of cyanobacteria during the process of mineralization on its surface, is also considerable for the biomineralization of cyanobacteria. According to structure and mineralization characteristics of two microbial mats, the process of mineralization can be divided into three stages, namely, early surface mineralization, middle degradation mineralization, and late des- quamation of mineral. The above conclusions are significant for comprehension of the process of mineralization, the process of deposition and the preservation of microfossil in modern and ancient extreme environments.     

Study on peptide-peptide interaction using high-performance affinity chromatography and quartz crystal microbalance biosensor

The specific interaction between sense and antisense peptides was studied by high-performance affinity chromatography （HPAC） and quartz crystal microbalance （QCM） biosensor. Fragment 1-14 of human interferon-β （hlFN-βwas chosen as sense peptide and its three antisense peptides （AS-IFN 1, AS-IFN 2, and AS-IFN 3） were designed according to the degeneracy of genetic codes. The affinity column was prepared with sense peptide as ligand and the affinity chromatographic behavior was evaluated. Glu-substituted antisense peptide （AS-IFN 3） showed the strongest binding to immobilized sense peptide at pH 7.5. A quartz crystal microbalance-flow injection analysis （QCM-FIA） system was introduced to investigate the recognition process in real-time. The equilibrium dissociation constants between sense peptide and AS-IFN 1, AS-IFN 2 and AS-IFN 3 measured 2.08×10^-4, 1.31×10^-4 and 2.22×10^-5 mol/L, respectively. The mechanism study indicated that the specific recognition between sense peptide and AS-IFN 3 was due to sequence-dependent and multi-modal affinity interaction.     

低质量浓度废水厌氧生物处理的动力学模拟及工程实践

介绍了厌氧生物反应原理,进行了厌氧废水处理的动力学分析,建立了低质量浓度废水厌氧处理模型并进行了工程实践。     

钛酸钾在人工生理环境中的行为

为了研究不同钛酸钾的生物医学特性,利用模拟体液模拟生理环境,进行了初步分析。光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察表明,层片状低钛酸钾在去离子水中向高钛酸钾转变,而在模拟体液中则不能。选区电子衍射分析表明,在模拟体液中低钛酸钾吸收了Ca2 ,而六钛酸钾则诱导了富含Ca/P颗粒的沉积。说明六钛酸钾具有更好的生物相容性和生物活性。