Coral cover as a proxy of disturbance： A case study of the biodiversity of the hermatypic corals in Yongxing Island, Xisha Islands in the South China Sea

The Yongxing Island is the biggest island of Xisha Islands in the middle part of the South China Sea. It occupies 1.8 square kilometers of land area and has permanent residence on it. There are only a few papers on the coral community of the Xisha Islands, reporting the species composition, structure and zonations of the hermatypic coral community in 1970s. The present study describes the hermatypic coral community based on the quadrat survey after almost 30 years in Yongxing Island in August 2002. It was the first time to present the percent cover data of live corals of Yongxing Island via a systematic scheme of quantitative quadrat sampling. The average total percent cover of the live coral is 68.4%. We found the total percent cover （TPC） could be an idea proxy of the overall disturbance regime impinging on the coral community. TPC can be used as an integrated measure of disturbance to coral reef. Using this surrogate, the best fit relation between TPC of the live corals and species richness, species diversity, or the species evenness is the unimodal second-order polymorphic parabola equation. This result is expected by the intermediate disturbance hypothesis （IDH）. From the fitted parabola equations, we calculated the best TPCs corresponding to the maximal species richness, the highest species diversity, or the most evenness respectively. They are surprisingly stabilized between 55% and 58%. Coral cover is the basic parameter widely available for most observation, research or monitoring programs. The good qualitative characteristics of percent cover provide powerful tool for the experimental, theoretical and modeling studies of coral reef in response to the disturbance.     

Sea surface temperature variations recorded on coralline Sr／Ca ratios during Mid-Late Holocene in Leizhou Peninsula

High-resolution Sr/Ca ratios of two Porites corals from Leizhou Peninsula were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic spectrometry (ICP-AES). TIMS U-Th dating reveals that the life-spans of the two corals are 489-500 AD and 539-530 BC, respectively. Monthly sea surface temperatures (SSTs) during these two periods can be reconstructed from their skeletal Sr/Ca ratios. The results reveal that SSTs during 539-530 BC were roughly the same as those during 1990-2000 AD in this area, indicating a relative warm climate period. However, the period of 489-500 AD was significantly cooler, with annual mean SST, the 10-a average of minimum monthly winter SSTs and the 10-a average of maximum monthly summer SSTs being about 2, 2.9 and 1℃ lower than that in the 1990s, respectively. Such climate patterns agree well with the phenological results recorded in the historic documents in other areas of China.     

含Mg共晶Al-Si合金铸锭加热过程共晶Si形貌的演变

采用光学和激光共聚焦显微镜及扫描电镜等组织分析手段,研究了直径为110 mm的Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金DC铸造铸锭在485℃盐浴加热保温过程中共晶Si形貌的演变.结果表明,在Mg的质量分数为0.7的共晶Al-Si合金半连续铸锭中,共晶Si在金相组织中为点状和细条状的混合物,但其空间形貌为珊瑚状;该半连续铸锭在重新加热保温初期,共晶Si相空间形貌的演变主要是珊瑚状Si相的粗化,随后在共晶Si继续粗化、球化的同时,部分长杆状共晶Si相逐渐演变成糖葫芦状,然后分裂成颗粒并球化和粗化;该铸锭在485℃加热保温过程中,共晶Si颗粒直径的粗化与加热保温时间符合2.29~2.67次幂的关系.     

含Mg共晶Al-Si合金铸锭加热过程共晶Si形貌的演变

采用光学和激光共聚焦显微镜及扫描电镜等组织分析手段,研究了直径为110mm的Al-127Si-07Mg合金DC铸造铸锭在485℃盐浴加热保温过程中共晶Si形貌的演变.结果表明,在Mg的质量分数为07的共晶Al-Si合金半连续铸锭中,共晶Si在金相组织中为点状和细条状的混合物,但其空间形貌为珊瑚状;该半连续铸锭在重新加热保温初期,共晶Si相空间形貌的演变主要是珊瑚状Si相的粗化,随后在共晶Si继续粗化、球化的同时,部分长杆状共晶Si相逐渐演变成糖葫芦状,然后分裂成颗粒并球化和粗化;该铸锭在485℃加热保温过程中,共晶Si颗粒直径的粗化与加热保温时间符合229~267次幂的关系.     

金佛山地质旅游考察记

<正>金佛山素以丰富多彩的动植物资源而闻名,然而在地质学家眼里,她又呈现出另一幅魅力无穷的面孔:藏身于二叠纪地层中的蜂巢珊瑚和蜓类化石,岩石界线记录的古环境变化事件……在这本记录了地质沧桑巨变的"万卷书"中,还蕴藏着更多的自然奥秘。对于金佛山,我早有耳闻,可惜一直无缘踏访。金佛山是植物研究者的天堂,有5100多种植物,种数是缙云山的3倍。作为一名地质和古生物工作者,我更关注这里与万盛石林一样的龟裂纹灰岩和山中的厚层状灰岩,推测里面一定大有文章。2013年4月20日至5月20日,适逢金佛山上杜     

中国南海珊瑚钙质砂压缩特性

中国南海珊瑚钙质砂地基在荷载作用下的压缩沉降直接决定着上部构筑物安全,通过室内侧限压缩试验对珊瑚钙质砂的压缩特性展开研究,确定了含水率、碳酸钙含量与颗粒粒径对其压缩性的影响.试验结果表明:珊瑚钙质砂中的碳酸钙含量越高,土样的压缩量越小;中粗颗粒(2～0.25 mm)越多,其压缩量越小,承载力越高;随着含水率增大,土样的...     

黔南石炭纪珊瑚礁与南海现代珊瑚礁的对比研究

根据沉积环境和珊瑚礁的特征,分别对两种礁体进行了沉积相带的划分和建造过程的对比研究.分析表明:扁平村珊瑚礁中充填了大量的蜓、海百合茎和腕足碎屑等附礁生物组分,而现在珊瑚礁中的充填物大都以珊瑚碎屑为主;两种礁体虽形成于不同的时代,但具有类似的沉积相带分布和礁体形成过程,这与礁群落的盛衰状况密不可分.与晚石炭世的四射珊瑚相比,现代六射珊瑚对环境的适应能力更强,现代珊瑚礁的形成过程也更加曲折.     

软珊瑚化学成分及其生理活性研究

就中国南海处于亚热带地区的软珊瑚的化学成分(包括萜类、甾醇类、鲨肝醇、嘧啶类和含氮化合物等生理活性物质)作了详细的介绍,并对其相应结构的抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗癌以及明显的抗心律失常和心肌缺血作用作了论述。     

南海豆荚软珊瑚Lobophytum sp.化学成分研究基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(29802010);广东省博士启动基金资助项目(984147)

从广西省北海水域采集的未定名豆荚软珊瑚（Ｌｏｂｏｐｈｙｔｕｍ ｓｐ．）乙酸乙酯提取物中,分离得到３个化合物;经ＩＲ,ＭＳ,ＮＭＲ和２Ｄ－ＮＭＲ等波谱方法,鉴定出１种化合物为已知物鲨肝醇,另２种化合物为ｇｕａｎｉｄｉｎｅ类生物碱化合物,这是首次从软珊瑚中分离到这一类生物碱。     

一种新的海洋甾醇的分离和结构确定

从中国南海酉沙群岛永胜岛附近海域采集到的白荑软珊瑚［ＮｅｐｈｔｈｅａＡｌｂｉｄａ（Ｈｏｌｍ）］”中分离到一种新的海洋甾醇Ｃ３１Ｈ５２Ｏ，熔点１３５—１３７℃，经ＩＲ，ＭＳ，１ＨＮＭＲ，１３ＣＮＭＲ及１３ＣＮＭＲＤＥＰＴ实验等波谱数据分析，证明其结构为２４－亚甲基－２７－甲基－２６－乙基胆甾醇。