用于标定和优化的高压共轨柴油机建模

高压共轨柴油机可控燃油喷射参数的增加,在使对燃烧的控制更加灵活的同时也带来标定和优化工作量显著增加的问题.为适应高效率的需要,提出并研究了基于模型的标定优化,即采用神经网络在一些工况点上建立模型,再通过自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)进行插值,将模型由这些工况点扩展到所需工况空间.模型精度由对象、建模所用数据量及模型参数调整共同决定.试验在一台六缸高压共轨柴油机上进行.理论分析和试验结果表明 该方法可以在保证精度的同时有效减少标定优化的试验工作量.     

基于G2的飞船推进系统的故障诊断

探讨了G2的知识表示、知识库管理及实时推理.针对飞船推进系统的工程实际问题,分析了推进舱推进子系统的故障特点,采用神经-模糊系统理论对推进舱推进子系统故障模式的知识表示进行研究,提出了推进舱推进子系统故障的知识表示形式.运用G2软件平台设计了飞船推进系统的故障诊断推理机.该推理机可以实时地诊断出相应的故障模式,记录相关的故障信息,还可以对故障进行预报,以避免故障的发生.     

Neural network approach for modification and fitting of digitized data in reverse engineering

Reverse engineering in the manufacturing field is a process in which the digitized data are obtained from an existing object model or a part of it, and then the CAD model is reconstructed. This paper presents an RBF neural network approach to modify and fit the digitized data. The centers for the RBF are selected by using the orthogonal least squares learning algorithm. A mathematically known surface is used for generating a number of samples for training the networks. The trained networks then generated a number of new points which were compared with the calculating points from the equations. Moreover, a series of practice digitizing curves are used to test the approach. The results showed that this approach is effective in modifying and fitting digitized data and generating data points to reconstruct the surface model.     

Congestion control for ATM multiplexers using neural networks：multiple sources／single buffer scenario

A new neural network based method for solving the problem of congestion control arising at the user network interface (UNI) of ATM networks is proposed in this paper. Unlike the previous methods where the coding rate for all traffic sources as controller output signals is tuned in a body, the proposed method adjusts the coding rate for only a part of the traffic sources while the remainder sources send the cells in the previous coding rate in case of occurrence of congestion. The controller output signals include the source coding rate and the percentage of the sources that send cells at the corresponding coding rate. The control methods not only minimize the cell loss rate but also guarantee the quality of information (such as voice sources) fed into the multiplexer buffer. Simulations with 150 ADPCM voice sources fed into the multiplexer buffer showed that the proposed methods have advantage over the previous methods in the aspect of the performance indices such as cell loss rate (CLR) and voice quality.     

Study of CNG／diesel dual fuel engine＇s emissions by means of RBF neural network

Great efforts have been made to resolve the serious environmental pollution and inevitable declining of energy resources. A review of Chinese fuel reserves and engine technology showed that compressed natural gas (CNG)/diesel dual fuel engine (DFE) was one of the best solutions for the above problems at present. In order to study and improve the emission performance of CNG/diesel DFE, an emission model for DFE based on radial basis function (RBF) neural network was developed which was a black-box input-output training data model not require priori knowledge. The RBF centers and the connected weights could be selected automatically according to the distribution of the training data in input-output space and the given approximating error. Studies showed that the predicted results accorded well with the experimental data over a large range of operating conditions from low load to high load. The developed emissions model based on the RBF neural network could be used to successfully predict and optimize the emissions performance of DFE. And the effect of the DFE main performance parameters, such as rotation speed, load, pilot quantity and injection timing, were also predicted by means of this model. In resum6, an emission prediction model for CNG/diesel DFE based on RBF neural network was built for analyzing the effect of the main performance parameters on the CO, NOx emissions of DFE. The predicted results agreed quite well with the traditional emissions model, which indicated that the model had certain application value, although it still has some limitations, because of its high dependence on the quantity of the experimental sample data.     

一维PSD背景光补偿的研究

分析了PSD的背景光非线性成因,并根据PSD的背景光非线性特点,提出了用神经网络的BP算法对PSD的背景光非线性进行了补偿,从而使PSD的背景光非线性获得了与线性近似的线性度．计算机仿真表明,该方法能有效地消除背景光的影响,在神经网络的输出端得到期望的线性输出．     

基于Rough集理论的模糊神经网络构造方法

提出了在模糊神经网络中使用Rough集理论进行网络结构设计的方法。由于Rough集理论有强大的数值分析能力,而模糊神经网络具有准确的逼近收敛能力和较高的精度,所以通过两者的结合,可以得到一种可理解性好、计算简单、收敛速度快的神经网络模型。这种网络构造方法的主要过程为：首先,利用Rough集理论对给定数据集进行规则获取;然后,根据这些规则构造模糊神经网络各层的神经元个数及相关参数初始值;最后,用BP算法迭代求出网络的各种参数,完成网络的设计。给出了一个二维非线性函数拟合的实例,进一步验证了方法的正确性。     

含季节性虚拟变量的GM(1,1)模型及其应用

针对GM（1，1）模型难以准确预测季节性时间序列的问题，本文将季节性虚拟变量作为灰作用量引入传统GM（1，1）模型中，提出了含季节性虚拟变量的GM（1，1）模型（简记为GMSD（1，1））.在GMSD（1，1）模型定义型和白化型的基础上，推导了GMSD（1，1，x⁽¹⁾）模型、GMSD（1，1，x⁽⁰⁾）模型、GMSD（1，1，b）模型、GMSD（1，1，exp）模型、GMSD（1，1，C）模型等五种派生型GMSD（1，1）模型，构建了季节性虚拟变量GM（1，1）模型群.同时利用粒子群算法对GMSD（1，1）模型和GMSD（1，1，exp）模型中的解析式进行最优化求解.最后以中国水力发电量的季度数据为例，验证了含季节性虚拟变量的GM（1，1）模型及其派生模型的有效性和优越性.结果表明：相较于传统GM（1，1）模型，引入季节性虚拟变量的GMSD（1，1）模型及其派生模型更能准确地描述系统特征序列的季节性波动和周期性变化特征.     

"奖优罚劣"的动态多指标灰色关联度模型研究

针对动态多指标系统决策特点 ,利用灰色关联分析方法提出了一种新的“奖优罚劣”的动态多指标决策模型。该模型不仅对指标进行初始化处理时使用了“奖优罚劣”原则 ,而且通过构造相关矩阵 ,利用特征根、特征向量的性质 ,构造最优指标体系 ,并由此确定最优指标体系中各指标的权重。通过计算决策对象与理想矩阵、负理想矩阵的关联度 ,进而得到决策对象的排序结果。模型中充分考虑了指标的成长特性 ,将其整个系统的成长特性进行比较 ,作为关联度的一部分。在经济决策的实际问题中应用该模型 ,取得较好的效果     

贵州省农村生态环境前景预测及生态建设对策

就运用灰色系统GM(1.1)模型对贵州省农村生态环境前景预测进行了探讨,并运用该模型对耕地面积、森林面积、水土流失面积、工业"三废"排放量及化肥、农药使用量等农村生态环境要素进行发展趋势预测,同时提出了相应的生态建设对策。