太空尘埃粒粒皆宝贝

“幸福灰尘一下子在前面掠过,我身体开始闪闪发光。身边美景也像过眼不忘,旋转飞向你的一方。”这是香港歌星陈慧琳演唱的《幸福灰尘》中的歌词。然而,每天漂浮在空气中的灰尘很少让我们幸福,却不断让我们烦恼,因为这些灰尘让环境变脏,我们不得不动手打扫卫生了。然而,我们不要小看这些尘埃,它们有可能来自太空,科学家会把它们收集起来用于科学研究,甚至可以用来制造新产品和开发新能源。这个时候,肮脏的灰尘就真的变成“幸福的灰尘”了。用飞船收集太空尘埃2006年1月15日,美国的“星尘”号飞船按计划释放出回收舱,装有彗星尘埃样本的回收舱…     

利用高压吹风式除尘装置快速清洁电脑

利用空气压缩机、空气净化器、连接管道及气动吹尘枪组成高压吹风装置，搭建抽风式工作平台，用于电脑主机快速除尘，以达到提高工作效率，避免灰尘再次污染的目的。     

地震自救4大常识

(1)大地震时不要惊慌。地震时,若正在用火、用电,应随手关掉煤气开关或电开关,打开房门。如果住在平房,可以迅速跑到门外,来不及跑时可迅速躲到桌下、床下、紧挨墙根下或坚固的家俱旁,趴在地下,闭目,用鼻子呼吸,保护要害,并用毛巾或衣物捂住口鼻,以隔挡呛人的灰尘。在楼房时,应迅速远离外墙及其门窗,暂避到洗手间、厨房、厕所、楼梯间等跨度小而不易塌落的空间     

道路灰尘中有机氯农药的污染特征

系统探讨了新乡市道路灰尘中有机氯农药(OCPs)的含量、分布,解析了道路灰尘中OCPs的来源,评价了新乡市道路灰尘中OCPs的生态风险.结果表明,新乡市道路灰尘中16种OCPs的总量范围为2.37⁷24.74ng/g,平均含量为155.54ng/g.DDTs,HCB,HCHs是新乡市道路灰尘中检出的主要OCPs,检出率均为100%,含量分别为32.26ng/g(1.09724.74ng/g,平均含量为155.54ng/g.DDTs,HCB,HCHs是新乡市道路灰尘中检出的主要OCPs,检出率均为100%,含量分别为32.26ng/g(1.09¹65.31ng/g),114.96ng/g(0.58165.31ng/g),114.96ng/g(0.58⁶93.28ng/g),4.51ng/g(0.36693.28ng/g),4.51ng/g(0.36¹4.10ng/g),占总OCPs的比例分别为39.07%,45.16%,10.98%.通过对HCHs,DDTs,氯丹组成特征的分析,表明新乡市道路灰尘中的OCPs主要来源于历史上OCPs的使用.根据沉积物风险评估值,新乡市道路灰尘中的OCPs存在较高的生态风险.     

Study and case simulation of a regional dust model coupled with a nonhydrostatic dynamics model

A new regional dust model suitable for simulation and forecasting of dust storms over northern China was described. The dust model was developed by coupling the mesoscale dynamics model MM5 (the Fifth-Generation NCAR/Penn State Mesoscale Model) with a set of mass conservation equations for the particles. The model includes all the atmospheric physical processes of dust storms including occurrence, lifting, transport, and dry and wet deposition. It considers the parameterization of dry and wet deposition, the dust size distribution and microphysical processes in detail. The dust flux from the surface is parameterized based on the friction velocity, which is provided by the mesoscale nonhydrostatic dynamics model, which takes account of the vegetation coverage, land use, soil category, and soil moisture. This new dust model is used to simulate the dust storm that occurred on 19--21 March, 2002 in North China. The results show that there is high dust concentration and its movement is consistent with the surface weather record and satellite monitoring images of the observed dust storm. The simulated dust concentration coincides with the observation data of the particulate concentration of PM10 (dust particles smallerthan 10 μm in diameter). The new numerical model also successfully simulates the formation and migration of the dust storm of 6-8 April, 2002 in North China.     

Microparticle record in the Guliya ice core and its comparison with polar records since the last interglacial

Based on the study of oxygen isotope and microparticle in the Guliya ice core,atmospheric dust and environmental changes in the northwest Tibetan Plateau since the last interglacial were revealed.The microparticle record indicates that low dust load on the Plateau in the interglacial.Particle concentration increased rapidly when the climate turned into the last glacial and reached the maximum during the MIS 4.In the Last Glacial Maximum, however,the enhancement of microparticle concentration was slight,differing to those in the Antarctic and Greenland.On the orbital timescale,both the temperature on the Tibetan Plateau and summer solar insolation in the Northern Hemisphere had their impact on the microparticle record,but the difference in phase and amplitude also existed. Though having the same dust source, microparticle records in the ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau and the Greenland seem to have different significance.     

疑难加层灰尘足迹在水分子薄膜处理下的光学显现方法

对表面不平或者有丰富立体图案的地板装饰材料上的灰尘足迹(加层)拍照难度很大；通过实验遴选出用普通方法难以解决的样本，利用不同物质吸附水分子的能力差别，结合痕迹物质与水分子薄膜对短波紫外光的反射、吸收特性差异，成功地消除承痕客体的干扰，获得反差适中的足迹照片。     

基于地统计学方法的城市灰尘重金属污染的空间变异特征

运用ArcGIS的地统计学组件,分析了金华市城市地表灰尘中重金属Ph、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni、Mn的空间分布特征．结果表明：上述重金属具有复合污染或一定的同源性特征,其中Pb、Cr、Cu、Mn可能主要受金华市城市产业布局和功能分区等结构性因素的影响,而Zn则受非结构性因素影响更大,来源比较复杂．Ph、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni等重金属的空间分布比较相似．     

成都市城东道路灰尘中典型多环芳烃的液相色谱测定及其来源分析

城市道路灰尘中的多环芳烃在一定程度上可以反映邻近区域多环芳烃的排放情况。作者采用超声波溶剂提取、自制硅胶层析柱净化和高效液相色谱分离,建立了城市道路灰尘中菲和蒽、荧蒽和芘、苯并[a]蒽和等3对多环芳烃同分异构体的分离分析方法。该方法精密度优于4%,检出限(质量分数)为(1.6~4.7)×10-9,回收率为72%~92%。用该方法测定了成都市城东不同功能区道路中6种多环芳烃的含量,总质量分数在(1.57~7.15)×10-6。多环芳烃含量分布表明人口密集、工业活动及交通要道等功能区道路灰尘中多环芳烃含量高。源解析结果显示研究区道路灰尘中多环芳烃主要来源于附近的石油、机动车尾气和有机物质燃烧。