Recombinant PsbF from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 forms β:β homodimeric cytochrome b559

All organisms with oxygenic photosynthesis contain two photosystems:photosystem Ⅰ(PSⅠ)and photo-systemⅡ(PSⅡ),The minimal photosystem Ⅱ particles which are photochemically active contain three subunits:D1,D2 and cytochrome b559 (Cyt b559),The function of Cyt b559 remains unclear,We have successfully overxpressed the psbF gene,encoding the β subunit of Cyt b559,from a marine cyanobacterium Synechoccous sp.PCC 7002 as a fusion gene and obtained a redox-active from of Cyt b559,When the N-terminal GST protein of the fusion gene product was removed with thrombin ,the PsbF protein was still redox-active,suggesting that the recombinant PsbF can form dimer in Escherichia coli.The absorption spectra of either the oxidized from or the reduced form of both GST fusion protein and the purified PsbF dimer and the difference Spectra between the two forms are the same as that of the Cyt b559 isolated from the higher plants .Redox titration analysis of recombinant PsbF showed that the mid-point redox potential of the recombinant Cyt b559 was approximately 50 mV, which is close to the low potential of Cyt b559 ,The results are helpful to the understanding of locatlization and function of Cyt b559 on thylakoid membranes.Ⅰ     

Expression of recombinant human lysozyme in the milk of transgenic mice

Human lysozyme is a 130-aa (amino acid) alkaline polypeptide, and has both anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties which make it an important component of human natural immunity system. As a first step toward the ultimate goal of improving the anti-bacterial properties of bovine and ovine milk, a transgenic mouse that contains the genomic DNA sequence of the human lysozme gene has been generated for the first time. From 83 mice generated by microinjection, a total of 6 positive transgenic mice were identified by PCR and Southern blot. F1 mice positive for transgene in lines were also detected by PCR. This shows that transgene could be transmitted from founder transgenic mice to their offspring. Recombinant human lysozyme (rHlys) was found in the whey of 3 female positive transgenic mice by Western blot. The highest concentration of rHlys for transgenic mice was 0.2mg/mL. The antibacterial activity of the whey for transgenic mice was highly enhanced up to 0.4 times as much as that of human, while that of non-transgenic mouse was very low. Although the lysozyme activity of transgenic mice is still lower than that of human, the rHlys exhibits the same specific activity as that of human lysozyme. It provides a strong basis for further studies into the possible application of rHlys express in mammary gland.     

Cloning and expressional analyses of a cinnamoyl CoA reductase cDNA from rice seedlings

Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR: EC 1.2.1.44),the entry-point enzyme of the llgnin specific biosynthetic pathway, catalyzes the conversion of cinnamoyl CoA esters to their corresponding dnnamaldehydes. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the deduced polypeptide shared 70% similarity and 30% sequence identity at the amino acid level with defined CCR genes from other plant species and they all contain the common signature sequences thought to be the catalytic site as well as the putative NADP binding domain.Using a conserved OsCCR cDNA fragment as the probe for library screening, we isolated the genomic DNA that covered the whole coding region of OsCCR with total length of 3045bp including 4 introns and 5 exons. The open reading frame for our OsCCR gene coBtAin~ 337 amino adds. Northern blot indicated that OsCCR was expressed in different organs with the highest level found in stems. In situ hybridization results showed that OsCCR mRNA was localized mainly along the vascular bundles in stems and leaves, and also in lateral roots that was differentiating from the tiilering node. We conclude that the vascular-localized expression of OsCCR gene may suggest its possible involvement in llgnin biosynthesis. Cloning and characterization of OsCCR will help to clarify how llgniflcations in plants are regulated and will provide a physical basis for creating genetically engineered rice plants with optimal lignin contents.     

时滞多变量时变系统的最优控制混合仿真研究

应用最优控制理论的极小值原理和参数优化理论 ,叙述了具有常数时滞的多变量时变系统的最优控制算法 ,基于该算法 ,提出了这类系统的数模混合仿真方法和实践方法。混合结果表明 :提出的算法是收敛的 ,且收敛速度优于全数字仿真结果。     

简便实用的转抗除草剂基因后代植株鉴定方法--种子萌发测定法

种子萌发法是检测外源抗性基因在转基因植物中的表达和分析外源抗性基因在转基因植物中遗传行为的简单而直接的方法,以转ｂａｒ基因燕麦后代Ｒ２种子为材料,用不同体积分数的除草剂Ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅ处理种子,萌发的幼苗经ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｄｏｔ ｂｌｏｔ鉴定,发现在０．０３％的除草剂上萌发的幼苗,部分不含ｂａｒ基因,而在０．０７％和０．０９％的除草剂上萌发的幼苗,均含ｂａｒ基因。用０．０７％的除草剂测     

利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术研究一个豌豆PI同源基因的功能

在植物发育生物学研究中, 对很多非模式植物基因功能的研究总是因为缺乏快速有效的方法而受到限制. 病毒诱导的基因沉默(virus induced gene silencing, VIGS)技术是近年来发展起来的一种反向遗传学快速研究基因功能的方法. 本研究利用一种基于PEBV (pea early browning virus)的VIGS体系研究了豌豆PsPI基因的功能. 豌豆在其PsPI基因沉默后出现了类似于拟南芥pi突变体/金鱼草glo突变体的表型, 导致花瓣向萼片以及雄蕊向心皮转变. 半定量RT-PCR分析发现, 在VIGS-PsPI沉默植株花苞中, PsPI基因的mRNA水平显著下降. mRNA原位杂交结果显示, PsPI基因早期在起始共同原基的部位表达, 后期在花器官第二、三轮表达. 本研究结果证明了PsPI基因具有拟南芥PI/金鱼草GLO同源基因的功能, 说明这类基因在进化和功能上是相当保守的, 同时也表明VIGS是一种研究植物基因功能的快速有效的方法, 特别是对于那些转化困难的非模式植物基因功能的研究具有更为重要的意义.     

Klebsiella oxytoca HP1 adhE基因插入失活法构建产氢重组菌

乙醇是产酸克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca) HP1厌氧发酵产H₂的主要副产物, 每生成1.0 mol的乙醇需要消耗2.0 mol NAD(P)H, 从而降低了H₂的产量. 本研究以编码乙醇脱氢酶系(含乙醛脱氢酶和乙醇脱氢酶活性)的adhE基因为改造目标, 利用同源重组技术获得了以提高产氢为目标的K. oxytoca重组菌. 构建工作包括: 根据adhE基因保守序列框克隆K. oxytoca HP1 adhE基因片段, 以质粒pMHE6为模板进行链霉素抗性基因表达盒的扩增, 表达链霉素抗性的aadA基因片段和adhE基因片段分别与载体pMD18-T相连构建重组质粒, 同源整合质粒pTA-Str的构建, 以链霉素作为筛选标记筛选重组菌. 菌落PCR鉴定结果表明, aadA基因表达盒通过质粒pTA-Str的介导已定点插入K. oxytoca HP1基因组中, 成功地构建了adhE基因部分片段缺失的重组菌. 葡萄糖发酵实验结果表明, 相同发酵条件下, 重组菌比野生菌的产氢量提高了16.07%, 乙醇产量下降了70.47%. 利用基因工程技术提高产氢初步获得成功.     

真细菌型的细胞分裂位点决定因子CrMinD基因在衣藻中从叶绿体到核的成功转移

MinD蛋白是一种普遍存在的ATP酶, 在真细菌、古细菌以及植物叶绿体的分裂过程中发挥着关键的作用. 在已研究过的4种绿藻(Mesostigma viride, Nephroselmis olivacea, Chlorella vulgaris, Prototheca wicker-hamii)中, MinD基因均由叶绿体基因组编码. 但在拟南芥中, MinD基因由核基因组编码, 其蛋白定位于叶绿体并参与叶绿体分裂的调控, 说明在高等陆生植物中, MinD基因已经转移到核基因组. 然而, 对于在质体进化过程中MinD基因从叶绿体转移至核的机制还不清楚. 我们从单细胞绿藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, 衣藻)中鉴定了一个核编码的MinD同源物CrMinD, 其在野生型大肠杆菌(E. coli)中的过表达会抑制细胞的分裂并导致丝状细胞的形成, 表明植物MinD蛋白在进化上的保守性. CrMinD-egfp在烟草和拟南芥中的瞬时表达确认了CrMinD蛋白在调节叶绿体分裂中的作用. 在已公布的所有陆生植物质体基因组序列中, 没有发现MinD的同源物, 说明MinD基因从质体转移至核这一事件在进化出陆生植物以前就已经发生了.     

美国培育出迷你树

美国林业科学家培育出一种基因改良迷你树，这种树有的仅1m高，满足了人们对小巧可爱树种的需求。从古至今，人们不但欣赏大树的伟岸，也喜欢小树的可爱，因此有了盆景。设计师通常通过培育老根、剪枝等方法来控制树木的生长。在城市的街道和园林中，一些树木也不宜过高过大，绿化工作者也大多采取剪枝的方法控制树木的生长。     

双油罐修理线的天车运送周期性排序问题的求解

作为机车油罐修理中的一个重要资源，天车的排序直接影响系统的、生产率。本文研究了产品在系统的一边装栽、而在另一边卸栽的双油罐修理线的天车周期性排序问题。工件在每个工作台需要加工一定的时间，工作台之间没有缓冲工作台，一台天车用于工作站之间工件的运送，目标是对运送进行排序以极小化生产周期。为了求解这个问题，本文提出了一个混合整数线性规划模型，量化示例表明所提出的方法是有效的。