江苏沿海滩涂围垦对近岸风浪场的影响

利用江苏沿海近期水深数据以及西连岛风测站1981—1998年风况资料,采用P-III曲线计算重现期风速并推求外海深水波要素,对江苏海域50年一遇设计风浪场进行了模拟计算。在模型验证的基础上,模拟计算了江苏沿海滩涂围垦规划(2010—2020年)后江苏近岸风浪场,探讨了江苏近岸50年一遇风浪场的分布特征,同时对比分析江苏近岸8个采样点工程前后50年一遇设计波要素的变化。结果表明:江苏围垦规划实施后,江苏近岸50年一遇设计波要素有减小趋势;北部近岸海域的有效波高和平均波周期基本不变,而南部近岸海域变化较大。其中,南部海域采样点有效波高最大降幅0.62 m,位于洋口港-吕四港近岸区域,采样点平均波周期最大降幅1 s,位于东沙围垦区东部;水深地貌形态和风区长度是影响江苏近岸重现期波浪的重要因素。     

大丰港匡围工程对潮流泥沙影响的模拟研究

建立了大丰港临近海域平面二维潮流泥沙数值模型,模拟计算了研究区域大小潮特征时刻的水沙空间分布特征。模型利用实测数据进行验证,计算结果与实测潮位、流速、流向及含沙量数据吻合良好。在模型验证良好的基础上,模拟围垦工程建设前后周围流场和悬沙场的变化。研究发现:围垦工程使得工程向海一侧流速减小。对于悬沙浓度,涨急时刻工程北部含沙量减小,落急时刻工程向海测含沙量增大。     

海南一些港湾海水的水化学特征

测定了海南岛亚龙湾，鹿回头湾及石梅湾沿岩海水的水化学和。结果表明，溶解氧为５．８５－６．８６ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１，总碱度为２．６８－５．８３ｍｍｏｌ．ｌ＾－１，总磷为０．０３３－０．０５３ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１，总氨为２．７８－３．７４ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１，总有机碳为９．７－１０．９ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１。     

纹藤壶BALANUS AMPHITRITE AMPHITRITE的定向研究

本文研究了纹藤壶在海湾扇贝（Ａｒｇｏｐｅｃｔｅｎｉｒｒａｄｉａｎｓ）、试板和虾塘设施上的定向，结果表明：纹藤壶在海湾扇贝上主要附着于壳的顶部（７５．００％）和耳部（２０．９７％），且以多个体附着为主；纹藤壶在海湾扇贝上以０°方式定向，有四种定向类型，定向角度分别为：１５１．１０°、－１５７．４２°、３８．８８°、－３７．９６°；纹藤壶幼体附着于扇贝的肋间沟中，具有向皱性。纹藤壶在试板上迎水流定向，定向角度为：１２．６８°、－１７．２４°。纹藤壶在竹桩上送光定向，定向角度为：１６８．６９°、－１５９．９５°．     

Effects of ultraviolet radiation B （UV-B） on photosynthesis of natural phytoplankton assemblages in a marine bay in Southern China

Solar ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) is known to have inhibitive effects on phytoplankton photosynthesis. UVB light decreases rapidly with increasing depth in the water column and exerts different degrees of UVB inhibitive effects on phytoplankton photosynthesis. In this study, the objectives were to quantify effects of UVB on phytoplankton photosynthesis and quantum yield, and to examine UVB effects on phytoplankton photosynthesis when light varies. The insitu experiments were conducted in Da Ya Bay, which is a semienclosed area in the subtropical South China. The results showed a significant reduction of photosynthetic rates and quantum yield in the presence of UVB. Maximum photosynthetic rates (Pmax) and maximum quantum yield (Φmax) were 11%-22% and 17%-49% less under solar radiation with UVB than without UVB. A simplified model was developed to describe the UVB biologically effective fluence rate (E*inh) as an exponential decay function of depth. Light-shift experiments, in which water samples from the surface and at depth of 4 m were divided into several subsamples, and each subsamples were then incubated at different depths with and without UVB in the water column, showed that phytoplankton from the deeper water (4 m) had more inhibitive rates by UVB than that from the surface when exposed to the same light condition.     

联合国秘书长与1991年第一次海湾危机

1991年第一次海湾战争爆发前后,联合国秘书长佩雷斯.德奎利亚尔表现出色:首先,面对伊拉克武装侵略并占领科威特,作为联合国最高行政长官德奎利亚尔主持国际正义,从未怀疑过这样的武装侵略不应该被击退;其次,当联合国安理会武力制裁伊拉克的678号决议通过后,秘书长为寻求和平解决危机作了最后的斡旋努力;第三,海湾战争结束后,秘书长又积极组织了战争善后事宜尤其是人道主义的救援行动。德奎利尔所做的工作充分表明:世界不能没有联合国秘书长这样一个中立调停者、超国家利益代表的存在。     

Screening microsatellite markers from EST sequences of bay scallop Argopecten irradians

Seventy-five simple sequence repeats （SSRs） were identified by the bioinformatic analysis from 5008 expressed sequence tags （ESTs） of Argopecten irradians. Among the SSRs, the number of repeat nucleotide varied from 2 to 6. Dinucleotide and trinueleotide repeat motifs were dominant in EST-SSRs of bay scallop, with a proportion of 80% over the total screened SSRs. Twenty-nine pairs of primer were designed based on the flank sequences of the selected ESTs using the software of Primet 5, and verified under the given PCR reaction condition. Eighteen of the 29 primer pairs resulted in the expected products, while the remaining either failed to produce any fragments or yielded products over expected size. Thirteen of the 18 SSRs, accounting for 72%, were detected to show polymorphism in the examined scallop samples. A preliminary test in this study indicated that the majority of the identified SSRs were informative in the cultured bay scallops, making them suitable for the population and other genetic analysis. EST-SSR markers have more advantages than the traditional genomic-derived SSRs and there is a wide range of application in comparative mapping, functional gene cloning and marker assisted selection. This research provides a reference to the identification of EST-SSRs with relative bioinformatic analysis from aquaculture species, as well as to those with a large number of ESTs.