Growth of Magnetite Nanoparticles under Magnetic Fields

1 Introduction Over the past several years, the preparation and characterization ofnanoscale magnetic materials, especially one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure, have attracted much attention as the nanomaterials would allow investigating the fundamental aspects of magnetic-ordering phenomena in magnetic materials with reduced dimensions and could lead to new potential applications such as data storage technology[1-6].     

染料敏化太阳能电池中聚合物电解质的优化

用纳晶TiO₂及离子液体1-甲基-3-丙基咪唑碘盐两种功能添加剂对PEO聚合物准固态电解质进行优化, 提高了电池的光电性能. 用(PEO)₈︰LiI︰TiO₂︰IE︰I₂ = 3︰3︰3︰7︰1(摩尔比)的电解质组装电池, 在100 mW/cm²光强下电池光电转换效率达到3.2%, 与无功能添加剂的电解质相比, 光电转换效率提高8倍. 电解质体系的电导率研究表明, 电池光电性能的提高与体系电导率的增大密切相关.     

钒对中铬白口铸铁组织和性能的影响

研究了钒对中铬白口铸铁的组织与性能的影响.采用SEM与EDS对试样进行了组织与成分分析,并测定了试样的冲击韧性、硬度等力学性能.结果表明:随着V含量的增加,中铬白口铸铁的组织得到细化,冲击韧性得到改善;当V的加入量增加至4%(质量分数)时,基体上弥散分布大量VC颗粒,使得材料有潜在的良好的耐磨性能.     

ZnSe纳米棒的一步水热法制备及其表征

采用一步水热法,由氢氧化钠、单质硒粉与乙酸锌反应,在EDTA存在的条件下,成功制备了立方相ZnSe纳米棒.对所得样品分别通过X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜进行了物相鉴定与形貌观察.在190 ℃,1.2 MPa条件下得到的纳米棒直径约为40～70 nm,长度为360～460 nm.温度超过200 ℃时,形成的为ZnSe纳米颗粒.讨论认为在纳米棒的形成过程中,EDTA起络合剂的作用,并形成了胶束状软模板.该方法为ZeSe及其它半导体纳米棒的合成提供了一种简单易行的方法.     

原位颗粒含量对半固态7075铝合金组织的影响

制备具有不同原位TiC颗粒含量的喷射沉积7075铝合金,在610℃和620℃进行二次加热并保温30min,淬火固定半固态组织.采用扫描电镜观察其组织,利用平均截线法统计其晶粒尺寸,分析不同颗粒含量对喷射沉积7075铝合金半固态组织的影响规律.结果表明:当TiC颗粒含量达到2.91%(体积分数)时已经产生良好的钉扎效果,使得合金基本保持喷射沉积组织特征,能够满足后续的半固态成形工艺要求;TiC颗粒含量超过2.91%后,晶粒尺寸会进一步减小,但晶界上的颗粒明显增多并呈网状分布;TiC颗粒含量小于2.91%时,局部区域发生晶粒的异常长大现象,使合金组织的均匀化程度下降.     

一种新的求解区间数判断矩阵权重的方法

研究区间数判断矩阵的一致性和权重求解新方法.基于权重可行域定义了区间数判断矩阵局部一致性和局部满意一致性,并建立了判别其是否具有局部满意一致性的数学模型.作为度量区间数判断矩阵一致性优劣的一种有效方法,给出了区间数判断矩阵一致性程度的概念,并对一致性程度较差的区间数判断矩阵提出一种改进方法.以在区间数判断矩阵内搜索一致性水平最好的确定性判断矩阵为目标建立一个新的权重模型,求解此确定性判断矩阵的权重,以此作为区间数判断矩阵的权重,模型由颗粒群算法求解.最后给出了一个例子说明本文方法的有效性.     

静电自组装纳米Pd颗粒对Nafion®膜的阻醇修饰

以聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵为修饰离子合成了阳离子化的Pd颗粒，颗粒粒径为~2nm；采用静电自组装的方法将这种纳米粒子组装到Nafion®112膜表面的磺酸根团簇上，在1.73µg/cm2的超低Pd载量下达到了甲醇渗透率下降8个数量级、电导率几乎没有下降的优异效果。     

Development of the CAS-IBB single-particle microbeam for localized irradiation of living cells

A single-particle microbeam facility has been constructed at the Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering (LIBB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The system was designed to deliver a defined numbers of hydrogen ions, produced by a van de Graaff accelerator, in an energy range of 2.0-3.0 MeV, into an area smaller than that of the nucleus of an individual living cell. The beam is collimated by a borosilicate glass capillary that forms the beam-line exit. An integrated computer program recognizes the cells and locates them one by one over the microbeam exit for irradiation. We present technical details of the CAS-LIBB microbeam facility, particularly on the collimator, hardware, control program, as well as cell irradiation protocols available. Various factors contributing to the targeting and positioning precision are discussed along with accuracy measurement results.     

考虑位置随机性的固体颗粒起动临界流速研究

水平井钻井、砾石充填及冲砂等作业都涉及到固液两相流动的固体颗粒起动问题。液流作用下颗粒的起动与其在床面上的沉没位置有关,沉没位置的随机性导致颗粒起动的随机性。引入颗粒无因次沉没度随机变量,将其概率密度视为均匀分布,考虑颗粒重力、水流推力、上举力、水柱静压力和粒间粘结力以及各力臂与沉没度的关系,通过力矩平衡分析,建立了考虑颗粒起动随机性的临界流速公式。结合无因次沉没度的概率分布函数,在临界流速与颗粒起动标准之间建立了定量关系,为一定颗粒起动标准下的临界流速计算提供了实用公式。用得出的公式进行了实例计算,并将计算结果与已有试验结果进行了对比,在0.001～10mm粒径范围内两者吻合较好。     

Leaching Mechanism of Complicated Antimony-Lead Concentrate and Sulfur Formation in Slurry Electrolysis

Anodic reaction mechanism of complicated antimony-lead concentrate in slurry electrolysis was investigated by the anodic polarization curves determined under various conditions. The main reactions on the anode are the oxidations of FeCln^(2-n) . Though the oxidation of jamesonite particle on the anode can occur during the whole process, it is less. With the help of mineralogy studies and relevant tests, the leaching reaction mechanism of jameson[to and gudmundite during slurry electrolysis was ascertained. Because of the oxidation reaction of FeCl3 produced by antimony-lead concentrate itself, the non-oxidation complex acid dissolution of jameson[re, the oxidation complex acid dissolution of gudmundite, and the oxidation of air carried by stirring, the leaching ratio of antimony reaches about 35% when HCl-NH4Cl solution is used to leach antimony-lead concentrate directly. So when the theoretical electric quantity is given to oxidation of antimony in slurry electrolysis, all of antimony, lead and iron containing in antimony-lead concentrate, are leached. The formation of sulfur is through the directly redox reaction of Fe^3 and jameson[re. The S^2- in jamesonite is oxidized into S^0 , and forms the crystals of sulfur again on the spot. The redox reaction of Fe^3 and H2S formed by non-oxidative acid dissolution of jamesonite is less.