医德能否抑制过度治疗的探讨——基于信任商品视角的理论研究

为了考察医德因素如何影响医疗市场普遍存在的过度治疗,构建了一个不完全信息动态博弈的信任商品模型。在模型中,作为专家的医生其行为策略不仅取决于经济收益,同时还受医德因素的影响。结果与人的直觉并不完全吻合的是,医生道德成本的增加并不一定能减少医疗市场的欺骗行为,一些偶尔为之的医德教育不会达到改善过度治疗行为的目的。因此,治理医疗领域过度治疗的问题应该以法律约束为主,进一步加强法制建设,同时还需要进行大范围、经常性的医德教育。     

基于雄蝉生物发声机理的蝉鸣声数字化建模研究

目前临床治疗耳鸣的常用方法是耳鸣掩蔽疗法.国内外传统的耳鸣治疗仪普遍存在耳鸣匹配声源不足以及匹配效果差的缺陷.针对该问题,本文基于雄蝉的生物发声机理,通过分析研究其发声过程,从信号处理的角度提出一种模拟雄蝉发声的模型,用以合成最常见的耳鸣声源——蝉鸣声.实验表明,该模型取得了较好的效果,丰富了蝉鸣声匹配声源,具有一定的医用参考价值.     

靶向振荡磁场发生器的研制

针对药物靶向治疗中难以产生足够磁场强度和梯度的交流脉冲磁场问题,提出了采用双极性脉冲电流产生靶向引导磁场的新思路,研制了一种适用于磁性药物聚焦和控制药物释放的靶向振荡磁场发生器,其主电路拓扑利用负载能量回馈,减少电路损耗,提高电流幅值和电流脉冲陡度,从而提高磁场强度和磁场强度变化率。该装置输出频率0.125~32 Hz,磁感应强度达1.3 T,正弦磁场、单极性和双极性脉冲磁场的磁性微粒聚焦效果和振荡效果的对比实验,证明双极性陡脉冲强磁场更适用于靶向治疗。双极性脉冲强磁场中磁性微粒聚集速度快,聚焦效果好,振荡现象明显。     

计算机病毒及防治方法探讨

该文对计算机病毒的概念、特点作了简要介绍,列举了一些计算机病毒的典型症状;通过实例介绍了治疗计算机病毒的方法;从病毒传播的两种途径入手,介绍了有效预防计算机病毒的方法.     

基于IDM法与CRI推理机制的应用研究

模糊知识表示及处理技术是人工智能中的重要研究课题之一.内接圆直径匹配法IDM(In-scribed Diameter Matching)是一种新的模糊知识匹配方法,该方法在合成推理规ompositionalRule of Inference)方案下,根据应用领域选取合理的蕴涵算子与合成算子能提高模糊推理的效率和准确性.通过营养学领域内疾病诊断及治疗专家系统的实例验证了该方法是有效的.     

手术治疗睡眠呼吸暂停症

睡眠打鼾是很烦人的,不只是影响身边的人睡眠,更麻烦的是,有的还会出现呼吸暂停现象,严重影响睡眠质量。整天昏昏沉沉,疲倦不堪,工作生活都提不起兴趣。日前在西班牙潘普洛纳召开的第一届睡眠呼吸暂停症国际研讨会中,一项新的外科手术引起与会专家们的兴趣,即通过手术使人的上颌骨前移,能够解决90％的睡眠呼吸暂停症。     

中药复方灰兜巴对糖尿病治疗作用研究

分别使用四氧嘧啶和链脲佐菌素诱导出糖尿病小鼠和大鼠模型,灌胃给予中药复方灰兜巴进行治疗．结果表明,中药复方灰兜巴可以降低糖尿病小鼠模型血糖,抑制体重减轻,加速糖代谢分解;可以控制糖尿病大鼠模型尿量增加．证明了中药复方灰兜巴对糖尿病具有治疗作用．     

决策树技术及其在药物治疗中的应用

介绍了决策树技术及其算法,采用决策树中的C5．0算法,结合Clernentine工具对所给数据进行了分类。实现了其在药物治疗上的应用。     

Clinical investigation of surgery for intermittent exotropia

Objective： To investigate the time and postoperative binocular vision of strabismus surgery for children with intermittent exotropia （X（T））. Methods： A retrospective investigation was conducted in 80 child patients with intermittent exotropia. Pre- and postoperative angles of deviation fixating at near （33 cm） and distant targets （6 m） were measured with the prolonged alternate cover testing. The binocular function was assessed with synoptophore. Twenty-one patients took the postoperative synoptophore exercise. Results： （1） A week after surgery, 96.2% of the 80 patients had binocular normotopia, while a year after surgery, 91.3% of the 80 patients had binocular normotopia; （2） Preoperatively, 58 patients had near stereoacuity, while postoperatively, 72 patients achieved near stereoacuity （P〈0.05）; （3） Preoperatively, 64 patients had Grade Ⅰ for the synoptophore evaluation and postoperatively, 76 patients achieved Grade Ⅰ. Meanwhile, 55 patients had Grade Ⅱ preoperatively and 72 achieved Grade Ⅱ postoperatively. For Grade Ⅲ, there were 49 patients preoperatively and 64 patients postoperatively （P〈0.05）; （4） Patients of 5-8 years old had a significantly better recovery rate of binocular vision than those of 9-18 years old （P〈0.05）; （5） Patients taking postoperative synoptophore exercise had a better binocular vision than those taking no exercise （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： （1） Strabismus surgery can help to preserve or restore the binocular vision for intermittent exotropia; （2） Receiving the surgery at young ages may develop better postoperative binocular vision; （3） The postoperative synoptophore exercise can help to restore the binocular vision.     

Short Report： Cyclic patterns of incidence rate for skin malignant melanoma： association with heliogeophysical activity

Background： Our previous studies revealed cyclicity in the incidence rate of skin malignant melanoma （SMM; ICD9, Dx： 172） in the Czech Republic （period T=7.50～7.63 years）, UK （T= 11.00 years） and Bulgaria （T= 12.20 years）. Incidences com- pared with the sunspot index Rz （lag-period dT=＋2, ＋4, ＋6, ＋ 10 or ＋ 12 years） have indicated that maximal rates are most likely to appear on descending slopes of the ;ll-year solar cycle, i.e., out of phase. We summarized and explored more deeply these cyclic variations and discussed their possible associations with heliogeophysical activity （HGA） components exhibiting similar cyclicity. Methods： Annual incidences of SMM from 5 countries （Czech Republic, UK, Bulgaria, USA and Canada） over various time spans during the years 1964-1992 were analyzed and their correlations with cyclic Rz （sunspot number） and aa （planetary geomagnetic activity） indices were summarized. Periodogram regression analysis with trigonometric approximation and phase-correlation analysis were applied. Results： Previous findings on SMM for the Czech Republic, UK and Bulgaria have been validated, and cyclic patterns have been revealed for USA （T=8.63 years, P〈0.05） and Canada （Ontario, T=9.91 years, P〈0.10）. Also, various ＇hypercycles＇ were established （T=45.5, 42.0, 48.25, 34.5 and 26.5 years, respectively） describing long-term cyclic incidence patterns. The association of SMM for USA and Canada with Rz （dT=＋6 and ＋7 years, respectively） and aa （dT=-10 and ＋9 years, respectively） was described. Possible interactions of cyclic non-photic influences （UV irradiation, Schumann resonance signal, low-frequency geomagnetic fluctuations） with brain waves absorbance, neuronal calcium dynamics, neuro-endocrine axis modulation, melatonin/serotonin disbalance and skin neuro-immunity impairment as likely causal pathways in melanoma appearance, were also discussed. Conclusion： The above findings on cyclicity and temporal assoc