预防冻疮从秋末冬初开始

冻疮是冬天极为常见的皮肤病，主要发生在身体的外露部位和离心脏较远的肢体末端，如耳朵、鼻、手、脚等。冻疮不易去“根”，往往会复发。若冻疮发作后，再进行保暖防寒或进行治疗，则已错过最佳治疗时机。其实，预防冻疮最好从秋末冬初开始。     

巧用敌百虫治疗金鳟鱼苗三代虫病

敌百虫广泛应用于鱼类寄生虫病的治疗，通常是以0.2～0.5毫克／千克的浓度（90％晶体）进行全池泼洒。但在高密度流水养殖区，受养殖密度、溶氧和循环水设施的限制，采用上述办法很难达到较好的治疗效果。     

The value of endoscopic ultrasonography on diagnosis and treatment of esophageal hamartoma

Objective： To examine the values of endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） on diagnosis and treatment of esophageal hamartoma. Methods： We compared and analyzed various kinds of imaging examinations such as barium esophagram, contrast-enhanced computed tomography （CT） and conventional gastroscopy in retrospectively reviewing the clinical data of an esophageal hamartoma patient seen in our clinic in the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Having received various imaging examinations, this patient was finally diagnosed with esophageal hamartoma and underwent gastroscopic resection of hamartoma with the diagnostic information obtained from EUS. The patient had been regularly followed up for 13 months after treatment. Results： Barium esophagram, CT and conventional gastroscopy detected the lesion, but were unable to distinguish it from common esophagopolypus and other submucosal lesions, and unable to determine etiopathogenisis. EUS detected the hamartoma and identified its internal structure, echo, exact size, depth of invasion, origin and the relationship between adjacent tissues and organs, differentiating the lesion from other submucosal tumors and clearly defining the diagnosis. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration （FNA） also helped to identify the etiological diagnosis. Conclusion： EUS was superior to other imaging means in diagnosis and treatment of hamartoma.     

Sodium arsenite reduces severity of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats

The histopathological features and the associated clinical findings of ulcerative colitis （UC） are due to persistent inflammatory response in the colon mucosa. Interventions that suppress this response benefit UC patients. We tested whether sodium arsenite （SA） benefits rats with dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）-colitis. The DSS-colitis was induced by 5% DSS in drinking water. SA （10 mg/kg; intraperitoneally） was given 8 h before DSS treatment and then every 48 h for 3 cycles of 7, 14 or 21 d. At the end of each cycle rats were sacrificed and colon sections processed for histological examination. DSS induced diarrhea, loose stools, hemoccult positive stools, gross bleeding, loss of body weight, loss of epithelium, crypt damage, depletion of goblet cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells. The severity of these changes increased in the order of Cycles 1, 2 and 3. Treatment of rats with SA significantly reduced this severity and improved the weight gain.     

FOXP3+调节性T细胞与免疫细胞治疗

 CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺调节性T细胞（Treg）负责维持机体免疫稳态、调节免疫耐受。Treg细胞通过调控机体对外来或自身抗原的免疫应答水平,在抗自身免疫及抗肿瘤免疫中均发挥重要作用。深入分析了Treg细胞功能的分子机理,通过FOXP3⁺Treg细胞体外扩增或对其进行修饰改造,可以使其在不同组织及炎症微环境下特异性促进对机体的有益作用,减少副作用,这一现象会为免疫细胞治疗提供新思路与新策略。     

慢性心力衰竭患者心脏再同步化治疗后 炎症因子的改变

目的:探讨慢性心力衰竭患者心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)前后血清炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)和白细胞介素-27 (IL-27)水平的变化.方法:选取70例慢性心力衰竭患者,分为联合治疗组和单纯药物组各35例,其中单纯药物组行优化药物治疗,联合治疗组在此基础上行CRT治疗.比较两组治疗前以及治疗后3个月血清TNF-α、IL-1和IL-27水平及左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)及左室质量指数(LVMI)的变化.结果:两组治疗后TNF-α、IL-1和均明显下降,IL-27明显升高,且联合治疗组变化较单纯药物组更显著(P0.05),两组LVEDd、LVEF及LVMI均优于治疗前,且联合治疗组优于单纯药物组,有统计学差异(P0.05).结论:慢性心力衰竭患者CRT治疗后,炎症因子水平及心功能均得到改善.TNF-α、IL-1和IL-27水平指标可以作为评价CRT效果的指标之一.