用棱镜将激光分束制成全息图的方法

在全息照相术中,使用最多的是利思一乌帕特尼克斯改进的方法得到的全息图。记录这种全息图的光路形式很多,但是其中利用棱镜将激光分束的方法,依照一些书籍中介绍的光路,实际上是难以拍摄成功的。如图1,用2毫瓦的氦氖激光器作为光源,光束经过凹透镜 L 扩束后射到分束棱镜 Pr上,从棱镜前表面反射的光作为参考光束,透过棱镜的光经平面镜 M_1反射到被拍摄的物体上,由物体漫射的光一物光束在感光底片上与     

南北两极海冰的相互关系

南北两极海冰是全球大气-海洋热机的巨大冷源,对全球大气环流和气候有极大的影响.到目前为止,关于两极海冰的研究以及海冰与大气环流和气候变化关系的研究工作,大部分是分别研究南极、北极海冰的变化及各自与气候的关系.本文则主要立足于全球范围进行综合研究.两极海冰作为冷源,除分别各自对全球气候产生影响外,两极海冰之间也应有内在的联系.因此,本文试图研究两极海冰之间的涛动关系,以及把两极冷源对全球气候的作用统一起来.     

高速复制机记录磁头磁路分析和计算

分析了高速复制机记录磁头磁路结构的特点，根据磁头漏磁通分布，提出了磁头磁阻计算的等效磁路。为了对磁头磁阻精确求解，对加工过程磁头芯材料中产生的磁性变质层用计算机进行了拟合；磁头磁阻的计算中，分别就磁芯材料的磁导率为实数和数的情况进行了讨论。     

防护林体系区域性气候效应的探讨

利用统计回归方法，将林网区与少林区和浅水面无林区进行分组分析，在对比过程中消除气候特征量自身随时空的变化和部分非线性因素，综合分析林网化的区域性气候效应，得出：防护林体系可以显著地减小区域内的风速，明显地减少区域内的蒸发量，且防护林在有叶期和无叶期对区域性的气候影响程度是不同的。     

Implementation of an Autocorrelation Pitch Detector in Application to Query by Humming

A pitch detector for application in query by humming (QBH) is implemented in this paper. This algorithm is made up of two parts: note segmentation and pitch detection. In the first part, voiced/silence decision is made on each segment of the input signal by a pattern recognition approach, and further, the preparatory note borders are obtained; then, via analysis of the instantaneous energy contour, the adjacent notes that adhere to each other are separated. In the second part, pitch is estimated for all frames contained in a note‘s duration by an autocorrelation method and the mean of these pitch values is taken as the average pitch of this note. Moreover, in order to remove the effect of formant structure, a nonlinear preprocessing is adopted in the pitch detection part and the autocorrelation function is properly weighted before peak picking. Finally, hummings of several experimenters with different voice characters are recorded to test this pitch detector, whose efficiency and reliability are proved by the result.     

Mesoscale eddy effects on the wintertime vertical mixing in the formation region of the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water

Mesoscale eddy effects on the wintertime vertical mixing in the formation region of the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water （NPSTMW） are studied using hydrographic data from Argo profiling floats deployed in the Kuroshio recirculation region in February and March of 2001. Anticyclonic （warm） eddy enhances the wintertime vertical mixing and results in the deep mixed layer and the deep thermocline. Consequently, a large volumetric water mass with low potential vorticity corresponding to the prototype of NPSTMW tends to be formed. By contrast, cyclonic （cold） eddy is unfavorable for the vertical mixing process and halts the deepening of the mixed layer and thus the formation of mode water. Further analysis shows that cyclonic eddies prevail in the late 1990s in the formation region of NPSTMW, which lead to significant suppression of the wintertime vertical mixing （96-98） and thus are unfavorable for the formation of NPSTMW; while the situation is completely reversed in the early 1990s （93-95）.     

长治市1981-2000年寒潮天气气候特征分析

利用长治市1981-2000年的气象资料对长治市的寒潮气候特征进行了分析，概括了长治市各县区爆发寒潮天气的环流特征，并在此基础上成功发布了2005年3月10日“寒潮蓝色警报”，减少了各行各业的损失。     

Pollen records and time scale for the RM core of the Zoige Basin, northeastern QinghaiTibetan Plateau

A continuous pollen record from the Zoige Basin in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau not only provides information on the vegetation and climate changes during the last two glacial/interglacial cycles, hut also gives proof to establish the time scale of the upper 60 m of the RM core. Subalpine spruce-fir forests colonized the Zoige Basin during the interglacials and interstadials, implying warm and wet climate conditions. Alpine periglacial desert or dry desert may have existed during the penultimate glacial and the last glacial maxima, respectively. Alpine sedge meadow dominated the landscape during MIS 4. The MIS 3 is punctuated by a number of stadials similar to those documented in the Guliya and GISP2 ice cores, as indicated by repeated rise and fall of subalpine spruce-fir forests. Our pollen record reveals a regional climate history similar to those from the neighboring sites, including the Arabian Sea and the Guliya ice core, and thus supports the notion that the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau acts as an important link between climatic events in the North Atlantic realm and the Asian monsoon domain.     

祁连山地区高分辨率气温降水量分布模型

充分利用气温、降水量空间统计分析的结果，通过在模型中引入坡度（SL）、坡向（SD）变量，对祁连山中东部地区气温、降水量空间变化模式进行尺度下移，得到了该地区具有多尺度特性的高空间分辨率气温、降水量的分析模型：T=a＋bH—kT cos SD sin SL，P=（a＋b ln H＋C ln y）（1＋kp sin SL）；进而计算了该地区7月份和年平均气温的分布式模型和年降水量分布式模型，得到了相应的栅格地图．验证结果表明这两个模型可以与山地冰川和森林分布区的气候分析资料很好地匹配．根据年降水量栅格地图的统计分析，将本区域内的最大降水高度带确定在4500m．     

福建省漳州地区第四纪以来植被气候演化的孢粉研究

根据地貌变化,在研究区共施工7个场地33个钻孔,对其中2个代表性钻孔的213个岩芯孢粉样品,采用孢粉谱定量分析法,通过孢粉百分比图式、浓度图式将其划分出若干孢粉组合带,并结合C14和光释光测年数据,揭示了漳州地区第四纪以来的气候演化过程.8.5 ka以来气候演化基本与我国南方区气候演化一致,以温暖气候为主,经历了由温暖偏干到温暖偏湿波动变化的7个阶段.植被经历了中亚热带含针叶树的常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林→北亚热带灌草丛→中亚热带含松、柏树的常绿阔叶林→南亚热带常绿阔叶林→南亚热带含针叶树的常绿阔叶林→南亚热带含针叶树的灌草丛→南亚热带针叶林-灌丛的变化过程.