土壤水分和AM真菌对沙打旺根际土壤理化性质的影响

为阐明AM真菌对优良牧草和固沙植物沙打旺根际土壤理化性质的影响,本研究设置70%,50%和30%等3个土壤相对含水量,比较了不同水分条件下接种摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)、接种沙打旺根际土著AM真菌(优势菌种为透光球囊霉G.diaphanum,摩西球囊霉和瑞氏无梗囊霉Acaulospora rehmii)和未接种沙打旺根际土壤理化性质的变化.结果表明:土壤易提取球囊霉素、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶活性和植株干质量随土壤含水量降低而显著下降,土著AM真菌定殖率随土壤含水量降低而显著提高.不同水分条件下,接种AM真菌显著提高了菌根定殖率、土壤易提取球囊霉素、总球囊霉素、蛋白酶和脲酶活性.土壤相对含水量为30%和50%时,接种AM真菌显著增加了土壤有机质、碱解N、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和植株干质量,显著降低了土壤pH值和有效P含量,接种土著AM真菌的土壤总球囊霉素、碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于接种摩西球囊霉的根际土.土壤相对含水量为70%时,接种土著AM真菌显著提高了土壤酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和植株干质量.土壤水分和AM真菌交互作用对植株干质量、菌根定殖率、土壤pH值、养分、易提取球囊霉素、土壤酶有显著影响.研究表明:接种AM真菌能够促进沙打旺植株生长,改善根际土壤理化性质,土著AM真菌菌根效应优于摩西球囊霉.     

Pd-Ni修饰的硅纳米线电极用于非酶葡萄糖检测

在镍修饰的硅纳米线阵列电极上电沉积金属钯微粒,用于葡萄糖的非酶检测;并通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱分析(EDS)对电极表面的形貌进行了表征,采用循环伏安法和恒电位计时电流法测试传感器的性能参数.在0.1 M的KOH碱性介质中,恒定电势+0.19 V,钯-镍修饰的硅纳米线阵列电极对葡萄糖的电化学氧化的灵敏度为302.2μA·mM^(-1)·cm(-1)·cm^(-2),检测极限(S/N=3)达到4.9μM,而且对抗坏血酸(AA)、尿酸(UA)等干扰物质具有良好的抗干扰能力.实验表明,这种新型电极很有潜力用于葡萄糖的非酶检测.     

广东凉茶颗粒苷类化学成分研究

为进一步阐明广东凉茶颗粒的药效物质基础和完善其质量标准,首次对其化学成分进行系统研究。从其甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位分离得到5个苷类成分,采用物理常数对照和现代波谱分析方法确定其结构依次为:4-p-香豆酸-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、2α,3α,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(3)、2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、木犀草素-6-C-葡萄糖苷(5)。1为首次得到的天然产物,1,2,3,4,5均首次从广东凉茶颗粒中分离得到,为进一步研究其药效及药理活性打下基础。     

稀土元素La对油菜生长和抗氧化酶系统的影响

通过盆栽实验研究了外源La 对油菜生长和抗氧化酶系统的影响.结果表明:低浓度(0-30mg·kg-1)的La可以在一定程度上促进油菜的生长,提高叶片叶绿素含量,降低叶细胞膜的透性,并促进油菜幼苗SOD活性,同时降低POD活性.其中La为15mg·kg-1时,株高、整株鲜重、单叶鲜重、根鲜重、叶绿素a、叶绿素a b和SOD均达峰值, 叶细胞膜透性降至最低;La为20mg·kg-1时,类胡萝卜素达峰值, POD活性下降至最低值.La达50 mg·kg-1时,各指标均表明油菜的生长开始受到抑制.     

Characterization of an endo-1,4-β-glucanase from Lilium longiflorum that functioned in pollen germination and pollen tube growth

Endo-β-glucanases play vital roles in the regulation of pollen tube growth. Here, a previously identified endo-l,4-β-glucanase from Lilium Iongiflorum （lily）, named LlpCell, was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and further investigated for its physiological function. The recombinant LlpCell protein hydrolyzed carboxy-methylcellulose （CMC） and exhibited activity towards laminarin from Eisenia. arborea and 1,3：l,4-β-glucan of barley. The pH for the optimum activity was 6.0 and the value of Km calculated from CMC was 5.0 mg/mL. Adding EDTA resulted in the total loss of the enzymatic activity, and this effect could be restored by the addition of Ca^2＋. Western blotting analysis showed that LlpCell protein was present in pollen grains and rehydrated pollen grains, and the amount of the protein was increased during pollen germinating, but not in the pollen tube. Consistently, the immunofluorescence labeling study with the antibody against LIpCell also indicated the presence of LIpCell at the begin-ning of germination, but not in the elongating pollen tube. Furthermore, incubation of LlpCell with pollen at the beginning of pollen germination increased the germination percentage and the length of pollen tube. All of these results suggested that LlpCell could play an important role in the regulation of lily pollen germination and the initiation of pollen tube growth.     

水鳖叶片矿质营养、保护酶活性及同工酶对Cu2+胁迫的响应

通过溶液培养试验研究了不同Cu2 浓度(0、2、4、6、8mg/L)胁迫下,通过溶液培养试验对浮水植物水鳖叶片矿质营养吸收、活性氧产生、保护酶活性及同工酶的影响.结果表明,(1)随着Cu2 浓度的增加,Cu2 对水鳖的矿质营养吸收产生了影响,主要是促进对Ca2 、Fe3 、Mg2 、Zn2 的吸收,降低对Mn2 、P、K 的吸收.(2)SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳图的条带随Cu2 浓度增加而逐渐减少,亮度也随之减弱,导致了多肽明显丢失.(3)谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量的变化趋势呈单峰曲线,在Cu2 浓度为6mg/L时,均达到最大值,分别为对照的2 51倍和3 74倍.超氧阴离子(O2-·)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化呈先缓慢后讯速上升趋势,当Cu2 浓度最高时均达顶峰,分别为对照的342 3%和334 2%;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性呈下降趋势,过氧化物酶(POD)的活性呈上升趋势,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性仅略有上升.(4)同工酶酶谱分析显示,随着Cu2 浓度的增加,SOD谱带数和表达量均减少.POD谱带数由少逐渐增多,由4带增加到7带,表达量也呈现上升趋势.CAT酶谱带数无明显变化,表达量略存在差异.Cu2 对水鳖的致死浓度范围在2～4mg/L.     

不同生境下两种表型盐地碱蓬叶片POD比较研究

以不同自然生境下两种表型盐地碱蓬叶片为材料,分析了H2O2含量、MDA含量、质膜透性、过氧化物酶（POD）的活性及其同工酶．结果表明：紫红色表型盐地碱蓬叶片H2O2含量是绿色表型的2．48倍,而其MDA含量和质膜相对透性却显著低于后者．绿色表型盐地碱蓬POD活性显著高于紫红色表型盐地碱蓬,同工酶分析表明,紫红色表型盐地碱蓬叶片POD同工酶有6条带,即POD1、POD2、POD3、POD4、POD5、POD6,绿色表型盐地碱蓬叶片有5条同工酶条带,为POD1、POD2、POD3、POD4、POD5,POD1是两种表型盐地碱蓬叶片的主要同工酶,占POD总活性的60％以上．绿色表型盐地碱蓬叶片POD1、POD2和POD3的活性分别为紫红色表型的1．39倍、4．11倍和3．21倍．这些结果表明,与绿色表型盐地碱蓬相比,紫红色表型盐地碱蓬叶片POD活性低,可能是其叶片积累更高H2O2原因．     

Stepwise prediction and statistical screening: B-cell epitopes on neuraminidase of human avian H5N1 virus

The B-cell epitopes of virus are associated with the antiviral drug and the vaccine screening. As the nucleotide sequences of neuraminidase （NA） of stain GD-01-06 were sequenced, we predicted the a-helix and β-fold structure and the indexes of the flexible regions of secondary structure of NA with methods of the Hydrophilicity plot by Kyte-Doolittle, the Surface probability plot by Emini and the An- tigenic index by Jameson-Wolf, and then screened statistically the parameters to predict B-cell epi- topes by the Hierarchical cluster and the Bivariate correlation and the quartiles with SPSS 13.0. The impact of variation of amino acids in NA on its epitopes was analyzed. The predictive results were evaluated by Wu＇s Antigenic Index and SWISS-MODEL. We found that the most possible epitopes on NA were located within or nearby its N-terminal Nos. 120--137, 81--84, 408--415, 273--282, 429--432, 356--368, 46--55, 146--155, 341 --350 and 198--209, which were the dominant regions of NA epitopes. Peptide 120--137 including the glycoprotein domain （NGT126 128） was first chosen as the B-cell epitopes on NA. NA in H5N1 strain isolated after 2003 lacked in No. 53 amino acid （I）, resulting in an increase in the surface flexible region of NA in GD-01-06 and an enlargement to their epitope regions （VEP48-48→ VEPISNTNFL46-55）. Conclusively, prediction of the B-cell epitopes on the NA based on multiple pa- rameters is useful for researches on the molecular immunology and drug screening and immuno-prophylaxis. A deletion of No. 53 amino acid （I） in NA in strain GD-01-06 might increase its anti- genicity.     

恒温超声波法提取红景天根中红景天苷的工艺及含量测定研究

用超声波法水提取红景天,采用L16（4^5）正交试验法,以粗提物中红景天苷的含量为指标优选提取工艺．超声波法提取最佳提取方案为：溶剂为40℃高纯水,料液比为1：20,浸泡时间为1h,提取温度为60℃,提取时间为30min,提取次数为4次．大花红景天中红景天营的提取率为1．638％,狭叶红景天中红景天苷的提取率为2．401％．     

HPLC法测定毛盔马先篙中毛蕊花苷的含量

目的：建立HPLC法测定藏药毛盔马先蒿含量的方法．方法：采用HPLC法KromailC18柱（250nmX4．6mm,5um）,乙腈-1％冰醋酸溶液（1：4）为流动相,在330nm波长下测定样品中毛蕊花苷的含量,结果该方法专属性强,平均加样回收率97．1％,RSD2．96％（N=5）．结论：该方法方便,分离效果好,使用于该药采的鉴别和七味毛盔马先蒿藏药的质量控制．