Persistent organic pollutants PCNs and PBDEs in sediments from coastal waters of Qingdao,Shandong Peninsula

Thirty-one congeners of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and 21 congeners of polybrominated diphenylethers(PBDEs)in surface sediments at 5 stations and one mussel sample from Qingdao coastal waters were analyzed. The maximum contents occur at the station near the Haibo River mouth. The total PCNs contents are in the range of 212-1209 pg/g dw, dominated by tri-Cl CN. The total PBDEs contents are in the range of 117-5510 pg/g dw,dominated by tri- to hexa-BrBDEs. The local sources of PCNs are likely from combustion processes such as incinerations and coal burnings. The sources of PBDEs are molecular diffusion from the materials containing them. Except for the area near the river mouth where is affected by the sewage sludges, an important source of PCNs and PBDEs in this area is believed to be the atmospheric deposition. Mussels enrich PCNs and PBDEs relative to the sediments. The total TEQs of PCNs in mussels are lower than the total TEQs of PCBs.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of the trimetallic erbium tetrahydride complex [Li(THF)4][{(ButCp)2Er(μ-H)} 3-(μ3-H)]

Reaction of [(Bu′tCp)2Er(μ-CI)]2 with Bu′Li in 1:1 molar ratio in THF at -78℃, after work-up, afforded the trimetallic erbium tetrahydride complex [Li(THF)4][{(Bu′Cp)2Er(μ-H)}3(μ3-H)] (1) by β-hydrogen elimination reaction. Crystal structure determination reveals that complex 1 has discrete ion pair structure. The anion is composed of three (Bu′Cp)2Er units to form a triangle array connected by three bridged hydrogen atoms, and the fourth hydrogen atom coordinated to three Er^3 ions. The coordination num-ber for each Er^3 ion is 9.     

Change in the sedimentary environment of Wanquan River Estuary,Hainan Island,China

Pb geochronology and sediment core profiles of organic carbon, total sulfur and organic carbon isotope (d 13C) values were used to reconstruct the local environ-mental history of the Shamei Lagoon, located in the Wan-quan River Estuary, eastern Hainan Island, China. Totalsulfur and d 13C values decreased upwards in the top 30 cm of a sediment core that spanned the last 200 years of deposi-tion. Total sulfur concentration and d 13C values respectively decreased upward from 1.92% to 0.36%, and -20.63?to -23.64? The C/S ratio in the 19th century and earlier was relatively stable in the range of 0.47—0.80, and there was a positive correlation between organic carbon and total sulfur. Since around 1900 AD, the C/S ratio increased rapidly to a maximum of 3.94, but no simple correlation was found be-tween organic carbon and total sulfur during this more re-cent period. These results indicated that before 1800 AD, the lagoon had a fully marine character, and the location of to-day抯 Wanquan River Estuary was an open embayment.From 1800 to 1900, the salinity of Shamei Lagoon decreased noticeably. The amount of seawater which could enter thelagoon decreased gradually as the Yudai spit grew. Today,seawater scarcely affects the lagoon; it is essentially a fresh-water basin.     

SHN球团矿有机粘结剂

球团矿因其含铁品位高、渣量低、机械强度高、还原性能好等优点。与高碱度烧结矿搭配使用是一种广为接受的理想的高炉精料。随着现代高炉炼铁技术的进步，对球团矿应用在追求数量不断增加的同时，更加重视球团矿全铁品位的提高和硅化物有害杂质的降低。生产实践证明，炉料全铁品位提高1％，焦比下降2％，产量提高3％；硅化物降低1％，焦比下降2％，产量提高3％。萍乡市科华新材料有限公司为此投入巨资，花数年时间，开发出具有自主知识产权的SHN球团矿有机粘结剂。它不降低球团矿全铁品位，不增加硅化物含量，造球性能优于膨润土，使用方法与膨润土一样。     

《太上八景四蕊紫浆五珠降生神丹方》外丹黄白研究

《太上八景四蕊紫浆五珠降生神丹方》与外丹黄白之关系,学界迄今未有详论。此经大约于晋哀帝时出世,而且该经事实上给出了目前已知最早的火药配方雏形。不仅如此,它还首次在丹药的炼制中获得了游离态的单质砷结晶、获得了“彩色金”,同时也是最早制得硫酸亚汞的丹方之一,而等比数列的描述和放大镜的应用,也都为该经添色不少。因此,无论在火药发明史、单质砷和“彩色金”炼制史,抑或在数学和光学发展史上,该经都具有重要意义。     

三江平原小叶章湿地土壤有机硫矿化特征

利用密闭培养系统，在20℃条件下研究了小叶章典型草甸和沼泽化草甸土壤有机硫的矿化，结果表明：连续培养14周后，小叶章典型草甸和小叶章沼泽化草甸土壤有机硫的矿化量分别为9．61mg／kg和6.73mg／kg，其中48.70％和51．41％来自前两周的矿化；各形态有机硫均有不同程度的矿化，其中以酯键硫的矿化量最大，碳键硫次之，未知态硫最小。土壤有机硫矿化量与培养时间之间符合曲线关系，用一级动力学方程计算土壤有机硫矿化势表明，小叶章典型草甸和小叶章沼泽化草甸土壤有机硫潜在矿化势分别为9.68mg／kg和7．25mg／kg。小叶章典型草甸土壤有机硫的矿化速率和潜力均高于小叶章沼泽化草甸。图1，表4，参12。     

气提式内循环好氧反应器及其产业化研究

本研究试图设计一种处理有机废水效率高、运行成本低、并可产业化的"气体式内循环好氧反应器"。其原理是利用好氧处理时供给的空气,对有机废水进行"气提,"在反应器中产生强烈的循环,使好氧微生物与废水中的有机物进行充分接触,达到提高氧的利用率、减少水力停留时间的目的。     

叠层有机电致发光器件中电荷产生层的优化

叠层结构应用到有机电致发光器件中,可以显著的提高器件的性能,尤其是电流效率。在叠层结构中,电荷产生层发挥着及其重要的作用,因此对电荷产生层的优化具有重要的意义。我们通过一系列试验,确定了电荷产生层合理的参数为:由掺杂Li的BCP和V2O5层共同组成,其中BCP掺杂2%的Li,V2O5的厚度为30nm。     

有机化学瓦尔登翻转模拟三维动画

双分子亲核取代反应(SN2)机理--瓦尔登翻转在有机立体化学教学中是一个难点,本文介绍应用Swift 3D软件设计、制作瓦尔登翻转模拟三维动画解决这一教学难点.为计算机辅助有机立体化学教学课件制作作了尝试性探索.     

谈如何利用多媒体做好教学

多媒体技术应用于教学对于教学质量的提高有着绝对的意义,为辅助手段、教师为主导、学生为主体的教学方式,要以充分发挥学习者的潜能,强化教学效果,提高教学质量为重心.