Dispatch Liquidity Theory in a Deregulated Environment

Power system security and reliability are more complex issues in a deregulated environment.Various criteria have been considered for power system reliability. In the day-ahead market, a successful trade schedule should be able to accept various disturbances with sufficient flexibility to be adjusted during the re-dispatch process. This paper describes the dispatch liquidity theory and some liquidity indices. The liquidity indices evaluate the effective operating reserves with the network constraints taken into consideration. A model is presented to calculate the liquidity index. An extended trade scheduling model with minimum liquidity index constraints is presented that considers the distribution requirements of the operating reserves. The liquidity indices could also be used to coordinate the security and reliability between multistage markets and for contingency selection. The algorithms were tested with real power system data. The results show that the dispatch liquidity theory is reasonable and the algorithms are effective.     

钢管高强混凝土柱的力学性能Ⅱ.长柱和偏压柱的力学性能

报导了钢管高强混凝土长柱和偏压柱力学性能试验的结果。研究表明，钢管高强混凝土长柱的承载能力和极限变形率随长细比Le／D的增大而下降。钢管高强混凝土偏压柱在相同的长细比下。随着偏心率的增加，试件的承载能力降低，纵向位移率降低。最后给出了钢管超高强混凝土长柱和偏压柱承载能力计算公式。     

Mesoscale eddy effects on the wintertime vertical mixing in the formation region of the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water

Mesoscale eddy effects on the wintertime vertical mixing in the formation region of the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water （NPSTMW） are studied using hydrographic data from Argo profiling floats deployed in the Kuroshio recirculation region in February and March of 2001. Anticyclonic （warm） eddy enhances the wintertime vertical mixing and results in the deep mixed layer and the deep thermocline. Consequently, a large volumetric water mass with low potential vorticity corresponding to the prototype of NPSTMW tends to be formed. By contrast, cyclonic （cold） eddy is unfavorable for the vertical mixing process and halts the deepening of the mixed layer and thus the formation of mode water. Further analysis shows that cyclonic eddies prevail in the late 1990s in the formation region of NPSTMW, which lead to significant suppression of the wintertime vertical mixing （96-98） and thus are unfavorable for the formation of NPSTMW; while the situation is completely reversed in the early 1990s （93-95）.     

明渠非恒定流及输沙试验系统

为研究明渠非恒定流运动特性和输沙机理,建立了长20m,宽29.5cm,高40cm的水槽非恒定流实验系统。该系统包括变坡水槽、供水控制、水位和流速量测、推移质循环及测量5个部分。通过计算机控制生成设定的非恒定流过程;沿水槽架设的6个压力传感器监控沿水槽的水位变化;采用二维激光流速仪测量垂线流速分布。初步试验结果表明:该系统可以生成稳定可重复的非恒定流过程,得到包括水深、流量、流速及输沙率变化的大量非恒定流试验数据,为洪水波的运动特性及输沙特性研究奠定了基础。     

球形气泡在匀速粘性液体中引起的伪湍动

为改进在势流假设下获得的伪湍动表达式,该文在考虑液体粘性的基础上,简化匀速粘性液体绕球体的速度场,运用单元系综平均方法对流场进行处理,得到球形气泡在匀速粘性液体中引起的伪湍动关系式。该关系式表明伪湍动与空泡率成正比,并随颗粒R eyno lds数的增大而趋近势流结果。数据对比结果表明:在低空泡率、中等颗粒R eyno lds数的条件下,该表达式能比势流模型更准确地描述球型气泡在匀速粘性液体中引起的伪湍动。     

悬臂浇筑大跨度梁桥钢绞线长束的张拉质量控制

预应力技术是现代桥梁建设中确保预应力施工质量的重要手段,是大跨度混凝土梁桥施工质量和工期的关键。总结了大跨度混凝土梁桥的钢绞线长束张拉施工中容易出现的问题,提出了处理措施,探讨了提高张拉质量的控制措施。     

基于工程项目团队关键知识活动的知识流分析

如何推进知识管理战略是现在众多工程项目类企业面临的重点和难点问题。从企业项目团队遇到重要问题的解决流程出发,分析了其中的知识活动,总结出知识流的特征,指出项目团队中不同成员知识共享及使用方面的不足,从而得到工程项目类知识管理改进的现实依据。     

Lévy-Feller对流-扩散过程

考虑Lévy-Feller对流-扩散过程,应用Laplace和Fourier变换及其逆变换导出了用格林函数表示的Lévy-Feller对流-扩散方程的解析解,结果中去掉对流项的特殊情况与Mainardi等的研究结果是一致的.利用Riesz-Feller,Riemann-Li-ouville和Grünwald-Letnikov分数阶导数之间的关系,按照Grünwald-Letnikov定义对Riesz-Feller分数阶导数进行离散,得到了近似Lévy-Feller对流-扩散方程的一种两层的有限差分格式.最后,对上述的两层有限差分格式在一定条件下进行了离散随机游走的解释.     

淬火过程液固耦合传热与汽液两相流动数值研究

对淬火过程中流固耦合传热与汽液两相流动计算进行了研究，从两相流动与沸腾换热基础理论出发，推导出金属块淬火过程中温度场分布的流固耦合求解控制方程和计算方法．淬火过程产生大量气泡，局部蒸汽含量很高，因此计算过程将气液均视为连续介质，利用双流体模型进行计算．与传统的反传热问题计算方法相比，本文方法过程简单，通用性强，更适用于工程设计与应用．计算过程利用了Bromley和Rohsenow的换热关联式分别模拟膜态沸腾和核态沸腾传热，计算结果与文献中数据变化趋势基本一致，表明计算方法基本把握了淬火过程中传热传质现象本质．     

基于区域分解的并行SIMPLER算法研究

在同位网格上建立了基于重叠型区域分解的并行SIMPLER算法，给出了区域划分和数据交换的实施细则．并在集群系统下通过对顶盖驱动方腔流进行模拟验证了算法的可靠性．数值结果表明，加速比成线性增加，随着计算规模的增大，并行效率可达到95％以上．