基于不确定时滞模型的鲁棒AQM控制器设计

针对网络环境的不确定性和网络参数的时变性,采用不确定时滞系统模型对网络拥塞控制问题进行了研究。给出了利用线性矩阵不等式方法判定主动队列管理(active queue management,AQM)系统稳定的充分条件,以及基于求解非线性矩阵不等式的AQM控制器参数设计方法,设计了基于线性矩阵不等式的含时滞静态输出反馈控制器。仿真结果表明,利用该方法所得到的控制器是有效的,在变化的网络环境下,其动态响应更快,稳态波动更小。     

基于非线性预测方法的开关式导引律设计

以大气层外拦截为背景,研究了带有开关输入的不确定非线性系统的预测控制方法。根据Fliess级数展开理论,得到了系统输出预测值与控制输入以及不确定性的关系式。通过选择二次型代价函数,得到了预测控制中优化问题的描述。由于代价函数中含有不确定性,结合开关控制输入的特点,给出了一种应用非线性规划求解优化问题的方法。最后,将该方法应用到大气层外拦截中,考虑弹-目相对距离及视线转率存在不确定性的情况,设计了开关导引律,并给出了代价函数中加权系数的选择方法。仿真结果表明,该方法在保证拦截精度的情况下,减少了发动机的开关次数。     

基于复杂网络特征的背包问题优化算法

根据复杂网络演化过程中的小世界现象及无标度特征,提出了基于复杂网络的背包问题优化算法。该算法基于无标度特征的背包问题形成优化空间,通过节点增长和加权节点度偏好连接,产生优化空间网络及其节点度分布;在该优化空间网络中,以小世界网络的聚类及小世界效应为基础,以节点度分布为先验知识,提出局部聚类、小世界效应、链集优化和节点寻优4个算子,实现网络节点连接优化。利用马尔科夫链的相关性质,证明了该算法的收敛性。针对具有相关性的0/1背包问题的实验结果表明,该算法解决组合优化问题是有效的。     

A new cascading failure model with delay time in congested complex networks

Cascading failures often occur in congested complex networks. Cascading failures can be expressed as a three-phase process: generation, diffusion, and dissipation of congestion. Different from the betweenness centrality, a congestion function is proposed to represent the extent of congestion on a given node. Inspired by the restart process of a node, we introduce the concept of “delay time,” during which the overloaded node cannot receive or forward any traffic, so an intergradation between permanent removal and nonremoval is built and the flexibility of the presented model is demonstrated. Considering the connectivity of a network before and after cascading failures is not cracked because the overloaded node are not removed from network permanently in our model, a new evaluation function of network efficiency is also proposed to measure the damage caused by cascading failures. Finally, we investigate the effects of network structure and size, delay time, processing ability, and traffic generation speed on congestion propagation. Cascading processes composed of three phases and some factors affecting cascade propagation are uncovered as well.     

巡游型出租车运营系统仿真

基于离散事件仿真方法从微观角度模拟出租车在城市中寻找乘客并提供出行服务的动态过程,其中, 道路交通流和交通信号灯的影响采用元胞传输模型模拟.能够真实描述我国出租车运营中路边随机停靠上下车居多和空车根据驾驶经验寻找乘客的特点.通过仿真实例分析了出租车数量与系统性能的关系,探讨了系统最优的出租车数量,并对提价等监管措施对系统供求双方的可能影响进行了预测.为城市出租车管理部门合理规划和管理出租车运营系统提供了理论依据.     

INTELLIGENT SECURITY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING FOR MODELING FIRE CRITICAL INCIDENTS： TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE SECURITY

An intelligent security systems engineering approach is used to analyze fire and explosive critical incidents, a growing concern in urban communities. A feed-forward back-propagation neural network models the damages arising from these critical incidents. The overall goal is to promote fire safety and sustainable security. The intelligent security systems engineering prediction model uses a fully connected multilayer neural network and considers a number of factors related to the fire or explosive incident including the type of property affected, the time of day, and the ignition source. The network was trained on a large number of critical incident records reported in Toronto, Canada between 2000 and 2006. Our intelligent security systems engineering approach can help emergency responders by improving critical incident analysis, sustainable security, and fire risk management.     

Evaluating Efficiency of Decision Making Units with Network Structures

This paper considers the problem of evaluating efficiency of Decision Making Units （DMUs） with network structures of divisions by the Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） model. All divisions in the network are under a decentralized authority organiza- tion. That is, each division in a decision making unit has its own authority to adjust its input and output. By incorporating the division operations in the DEA model, we discuss the sufficient and necessary conditions for a DMU to be network efficient in series structure and general structure respectively.     

Models of Choosing the Financial Compensation Strategy for Flight Delay

At present, most airlines adopted generally the same amount of compensa- tion strategy when needing to provide financial compensation to all flight delay passengers. However, due to the existence of differences in travel time value, ticket fare, as well as the expectation of compensation for flight delays, the gap between the effect of same amount of compensation and many passengers＇ （especially the high-value ones） expectations is large, it results in that airlines need to pay higher cost of compensation, but the total effect of compensation for passengers are not better. This paper advanced four financial com- pensation strategies for flight delays, summarized their own characteristics, and took into account the interests of both airlines and passengers, built the optimization models of the four financial compensation strategies under the restriction of the airline＇s compensation cost and on the goal of the maximum total effectiveness of the financial compensation to all passengers. Finally, based on the specific circumstances of the flight delays, the paper discussed the method for airline to choose the optimal financial compensation strategy through solving four models and comparing the compensation effectiveness.     

Spectral Properties and Positivity of Flows in Infinite Networks with Dynamic Boundary Control Nodes

In this paper we study transport processes on infinite networks with dynamic boundary control nodes. These flows can be modeled by operator semigroups on a suitable Banach space. Using functional analytical and graph theoretical methods, we investigate its spectral properties of the system and positivity of the semigroup under appropriate assumptions on the network.     

流域分布式水文模型SWAT空间输入数据的不确定性研究

SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)模型是一个流域尺度具有物理机制的分布式水文模型,该模型在农业非点源污染和水文模拟等方面的应用较为广泛.模型空间输入数据对流域相关特征的准确描述是模型有效模拟的前提和基础.DEM数据的精度及栅格大小、子流域划分水平、土壤与土地利用数据的精度都对模型的模拟产生一定的影响,相对于径流量来说,产沙和营养物质的模拟对这些参数更为敏感,但其参数的选择还没有公认的标准.流域内雨量站的分布和多少同样影响模拟结果,针对国内气象站点较少的情况,寻求气象数据的替代数据势在必行.表1,参42.