混气电火花加工机理的分析及验证

介绍了混气电火花加工机理及介质混入气泡的作用,详细分析了混气电火花加工机理,并进行了实验论证·     

纳米级铝阳极氧化膜的形成机理及结构调整

从纳米级阳极氧化铝(AAO)膜对应用的重要性入手，主要简述AAO膜的制备、形成机理、自结构特点及结构调整方法。     

棉纤维改性剂BTG的合成及其应用性能研究

系统研究了棉纤维经苯甲酰化改性后分散染料的可染性能。介绍了水溶性酰化试剂苯甲酰巯基乙酸钠的合成方法、产率、表征及其对棉纤维的改性工艺，包括碱剂的选用、焙烘处理的温度和时间等对改性效果的影响。讨论了不同改性条件的棉纤维对分散染料染色性及得色量的影响，测定了染品的染色坚牢度。     

马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯流变性及可纺性的研究

通过毛细管流变仪测定了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)在高温(230～260℃)高剪切速率(100～1500s^-1)下的流变性能，并在熔融纺丝机上研究了该接枝共聚物的可纺性。结果表明PP-g-MAH的剪切粘度在低剪切速率时比PP高，在高剪切速率时则低。PP-g-MAH的粘流活化能比PP的稍高，且随接枝率的增加而增大。马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯在250～260℃具有良好的可纺性。     

Photocatalytic effect of nature and modified V-bearing rutile

A natural rutile TiO2, which displays photocatalysis on degrading halohydrocarbon pollutants, was reported. The rutile contains up to 1.22% V2O5 (weight percent). Substitutions of Ti by V, as well as Fe, Cu and Zn, result in lattice distortions and defects. Grinding, heating and quenching modify the surface characteristics of ruffle, and consequently increase its photoactivity. It is found that the heating and quenching treatments enhance visible-light absorption of ruffle, especially at 1000 and 1100℃. Ground rutile is effective to degrade tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene. While, heating at 1000℃, and quenching at 1000 and 1100℃ distinctly improve degradation rate of samples. The special properties of the natural rutile have particular capabilities in photocatalytic oxidation, especially in degradation of halohydrocarbons.     

煤层气羽状水平井开采的影响因素分析及增产机理

采用数值模拟的方法，分析了煤层气羽状水平井的增产机理，指出羽状水平井的主支和分支在地层中广泛均匀延伸，使整个控制区域地层压力均匀、快速下降，增大了气体解吸扩散的机会，是羽状分支水平井促使煤层气产量提高的根本原因．讨论了渗透率、朗谬尔常数、吸附时间等地层参数对羽状水平井煤层气产量的影响，并得到结论：地层绝对渗透率越大，相渗曲线越陡，残余气饱和度越小，含气饱和度越高，地层压力越大，对气产出越有利；朗氏常数通过改变等温吸附线在地层压力变化范围内的缓陡程度决定吸附量改变幅度的大小，从而影响气产量的变化，吸附时间对直井开采前期气产量到达高峰期的时间长短有影响，而对于羽状水平井，吸附时间对产量的变化几乎没有影响．     

生物降解高分子--聚乳酸的合成

以天然矿石--改性片麻岩为聚合反应的催化剂,通过直接缩聚方法制备了不同分子量的聚乳酸.并应用FTIR,^1H-NMR,DSC等测试手段对两种不同催化剂制备的聚乳酸的结构进行对比研究.同时也研究了反应时间对聚合产物分子量的影响.     

水热改性制备固体酸S2O8^2-／Fe2O3-SiO2及其催化性能的初步探讨

采用共沉淀法制备Fe2O3—SiO2混合氧化物前驱体，并对其进行水热改性处理，经浸渍(NH4)2S2O8溶液后再焙烧得S2O8^2-／Fe2O3—SiO2固体酸催化剂。研究了制备条件对催化活性的影响，用乙酸／丁醇酯化反应评估该固体酸的催化性能。实验结果显示，最佳工艺条件为，n(Fe)：n(Si)=1：4，150℃水压热处理1h，在0．5mol．L^-1的(NH4)2S2O8溶液中浸渍6h，500℃焙烧3h，在此条件下乙酸的转化率可达94．11％。     

Leaching Mechanism of Complicated Antimony-Lead Concentrate and Sulfur Formation in Slurry Electrolysis

Anodic reaction mechanism of complicated antimony-lead concentrate in slurry electrolysis was investigated by the anodic polarization curves determined under various conditions. The main reactions on the anode are the oxidations of FeCln^(2-n) . Though the oxidation of jamesonite particle on the anode can occur during the whole process, it is less. With the help of mineralogy studies and relevant tests, the leaching reaction mechanism of jameson[to and gudmundite during slurry electrolysis was ascertained. Because of the oxidation reaction of FeCl3 produced by antimony-lead concentrate itself, the non-oxidation complex acid dissolution of jameson[re, the oxidation complex acid dissolution of gudmundite, and the oxidation of air carried by stirring, the leaching ratio of antimony reaches about 35% when HCl-NH4Cl solution is used to leach antimony-lead concentrate directly. So when the theoretical electric quantity is given to oxidation of antimony in slurry electrolysis, all of antimony, lead and iron containing in antimony-lead concentrate, are leached. The formation of sulfur is through the directly redox reaction of Fe^3 and jameson[re. The S^2- in jamesonite is oxidized into S^0 , and forms the crystals of sulfur again on the spot. The redox reaction of Fe^3 and H2S formed by non-oxidative acid dissolution of jamesonite is less.     

无纺织物过滤黏土的梯度比试验及机理研究

采用2种土工织物和黏土进行梯度比试验,并通过试验后黏土试样微观结构的电镜扫描,从微观上认识土工织物过滤黏土机制。结果表明:在土工织物过滤黏土的过程中,初期梯度比会快速上升,达到峰值后,织物-黏土体系淤堵情况逐渐缓解,透水性相对改善,梯度比下降并趋于稳定;在过滤过程中靠近织物的黏土中会发生细颗粒穿过土工织物逃逸的现象,这是织物-黏土体系的透水性改善的内在机制;过滤后的黏土主要以聚粒形式存在,结构较疏松,在靠近织物的黏土中出现较大的孔隙;不同孔径和工艺的土工织物过滤黏土机制相同,但淤堵程度不同。