纳米Fe/Cu双金属的制备及其对水中亚甲基蓝的去除

利用液相还原法制备了纳米Fe/Cu颗粒,考察了其对水中亚甲基蓝的去除性能,研究了不同pH、亚甲基蓝初始浓度和反应时间对去除效果的影响.结果表明,酸性条件下Fe/Cu纳米双金属对亚甲基蓝去除效果良好,且在45min时反应达到平衡,对亚甲基蓝的去除过程符合准一级动力学方程和Langmuir吸附等温模型.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC-particle-strengthening tri-metal Al/Cu/Ni composite produced by accumulative roll bonding process

In this study, a multilayer Al/Ni/Cu composite reinforced with SiC particles was produced using an accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process with different cycles. The microstructure and mechanical properties of this composite were investigated using optical and scanning microscopy and hardness and tensile testing. The results show that by increasing the applied strain, the Al/Ni/Cu multilayer composite converted from layer features to near a particle-strengthening characteristic. After the fifth ARB cycle, a composite with a uniform distribution of reinforcements (Cu, Ni, and SiC) was fabricated. The tensile strength of the composite increased from the initial sandwich structure to the first ARB cycle and then decreased from the first to the third ARB cycle. Upon reaching five ARB cycles, the tensile strength of the composite increased again. The variation in the elongation of the composite exhibited a tendency similar to that of its tensile strength. It is observed that with increasing strain, the microhardness values of the Al, Cu, and Ni layers increased, and that the dominant fracture mechanisms of Al and Cu were dimple formation and ductile fracture. In contrast, brittle fracture in specific plains was the main characteristic of Ni fractures.     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al<Subscript>3</Subscript>Ti/ADC12 composite modified with Sr

In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of Sr (0wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, and 0.3wt%) on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy diffraction spectroscopy. The results reveal that the α-Al phases were nearly spherical and 40 μm in size and that the eutectic Si phases became round in the composite when the Sr content reached 0.2wt%. The Al₃Ti particles were distributed uniformly at the grain boundary. The results of the corrosion examination reveal that the Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite exhibited a minimum corrosion rate of 0.081 g·m–2·h–1 for an Sr content of 0.2wt%, which is two thirds of that of unmodified composite (0.134 g·m–2·h–1). This improved corrosion resistance was due to galvanic corrosion, which resulted from the low area ratio of the cathode to anode regions. This caused a low-density corrosion current in the composite, thereby yielding optimum corrosion resistance.     

VR/AR在文化旅游与影视中的应用创新 与趋势

 虚拟现实/增强现实（VR/AR）技术是一种改变大众生活方式的新兴科学技术,对大众文化领域将能够产生重大影响。本文分析VR/AR在文化旅游与影视领域的支撑技术及其演进、融合中的应用创新,研究其发展及对传媒文化产业的影响,探讨未来该领域的发展趋势。     

武陵山区典型县域气温变化特征分析——以重庆市酉阳县为例

基于1955-2016年连续性订正的气温数据,运用线性倾向估计、滑动平均等趋势分析方法,Mann-Kendall、累积距平突变检验方法,Morlet小波分析及R/S分析对酉阳县近60年的气温指标进行了研究,揭示该地区气候变化趋势、特征并进行预测及原因探析.研究显示:酉阳县气温在过去近60年里呈微弱上升趋势,升温率高于IPCC第五次报告中的近130年变暖率,为每10年上升0.13℃,并且在21世纪初期发生了增温突变;四季气温中,冬季各气温要素升高对年均温上升贡献最大,最低值为每10年上升0.171℃;酉阳县年均温演变过程中存在3类时间尺度的周期变化规律,各气温要素基本都存在6~9年的较强震荡周期,平均气温短期预测处于偏暖期;R/S分析表明年均气温Hurst指数为0.88,预示着酉阳县未来气温走势会持续升高.     

钴掺杂对二氧化钛晶粒尺寸及相变的影响

通过溶胶凝胶法制备了纯Ti O_2与不同Co浓度掺杂的Ti O_2纳米粉体,并对样品进行了450、550、650℃保温2 h的热处理.采用X射线衍射仪对制得的纳米粉体进行了晶体结构表征,研究了热处理温度以及Co掺杂浓度对Ti O_2晶粒尺寸以及锐钛矿金红石相变的影响.结果表明:纯Ti O_2与Co-Ti O_2在450℃时为单一的锐钛矿;550℃时,纯Ti O_2有微量金红石生成,Co-Ti O_2仍然全部为锐钛矿;650℃时纯Ti O_2大部分转变为金红石,当Co掺杂量较低时,Co能促进锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变,而当掺杂浓度为8%时,Co抑制锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变;热处理温度升高以及Co掺杂浓度增加有利于Co Ti O_3相的生成,相同温度下,Co掺杂后Ti O_2晶粒尺寸减小.     

闪烁薄膜中子探测器灵敏度Monte Carlo计算

闪烁薄膜探测器的灵敏度和中子/γ分辨能力与闪烁晶体厚度密切相关,合理选择闪烁晶体厚度是探测器设计的关键。该文应用Monte Carlo方法模拟了中子和γ射线与闪烁晶体的相互作用过程,计算研究了晶体厚度对探测器灵敏度及中子/γ分辨能力的影响,给出了0.1~16.0MeV中子和γ射线照射下探测器的相对灵敏度,并结合部分能点的实验室标定数据,得到了探测器灵敏度能量响应曲线和中子/γ分辨率。理论计算的灵敏度能量响应曲线与实验标定趋势基本一致。     

有机锡聚合物水解的研究Ⅰ——甲基丙烯酸三丁基锡酯聚合物及其与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的水解

测定了甲基丙烯酸三丁基锡醅与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的~1H-NMR谱。研究了共聚物组成不同,共聚物组成相同但分子量不同,以及实验条件(如pH值和温度)不同对聚合物水解速率的影响。根据电子探针观测,聚合物水解前后,膜表面的有机锡含量和分布基本相同。分别计算了聚合物和共聚物水解的表观活化能。     

用2-羟基-4-仲辛氧基二苯甲酮肟从氨性溶液中萃取分离钴镍(英文)

本文应用国产羟肟类萃取剂2-羟基-4-仲辛氧基二苯甲酮肟(代号N_(530))进行了萃取分离钴镍的研究。实验所用有机相为20%N_(530)磺化煤油溶液,水相分别为钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)氨性硫酸盐、氨性氯化物及氨性碳酸盐溶液,研究结果表明:钴(Ⅱ)镍(Ⅱ)的萃取率均随水相平衡pH值及铵盐浓度的升高而增大;温度的影响不显著,钴(Ⅱ)的萃取速率大于镍(Ⅱ)的萃取速率。N_(530)分离钴(Ⅱ)镍(Ⅱ)可用反萃取方法,即先用小于0.05mol/LH_2SO_4溶液反萃取镍(Ⅱ)后,再用NaCl(50g/L)和HCl(4mol/L)的混合液反萃取钴,经多级反萃可使钴反萃完全。若在水相添加适量的(NH_4)_2S_2O_8,或通入空气,或把料液敝开静置,均可使钴(Ⅱ)氧化成钴(Ⅲ)的氨合配离子。此时钴的萃取率下降,而镍的萃取率不变。这样控制适合的条件,便可以通过单级萃取有效地分离钴镍研究。结果还表明,在酸性溶液中铜(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅲ)可被N_(530)萃取,但钴、镍不萃,因此可用萃取方法净化除去料液中所含的铜、铁这些杂质金属。     

Co-NiO/FeNi双层膜的交换偏置效应

金属Co片和NiO靶材通过溅射得到Co-NiO薄膜, 当Co含量为25.2％时, Co-NiO/FeNi双层膜的偏置场H_E最大, 是未掺入Co时NiO/FeNi偏置场的3倍. 分析表明,金属Co的团簇镶嵌在NiO基质中, 该结构可提高铁磁/反铁磁双层膜的偏置效应. 