生物液体燃料——燃料酒精

燃料酒精作为可再生能源不会枯竭，并且不会引起温室效应。微生物发酵糖可以生产酒精。目前在工业生产中用于发酵产酒精的微生物主要是酿酒酵母和运动发酵单胞菌。包括秸秆在内的含有糖类物质的生物质都可能作为酒精发酵的原料，大分子物质的利用需先经过酶的降解。生物酒精作为石油的替代物，其产业链还在继续延伸。     

种植模式对稻田土壤微生物数量及活度的影响

为了明确种植模式对稻田土壤微生物的影响情况，进行了少耕和翻耕时不同种植模式对稻田土壤微生物数量及活度的影响研究，结果表明：种植马铃薯、紫云英、黑麦草、油菜、小黑麦等冬季作物能够不同程度的影响土壤中微生物的数量与活度，影响程度可以表示为马铃薯〉黑麦草〉小黑麦〉紫云英〉油菜〉冬闲。在晚稻收割期，少耕土壤中的好气性细菌、厌气性细菌、真菌、放线菌数量都多于翻耕土壤。早稻收割期翻耕比少耕的微生物活度略高，而晚稻收割期翻耕比少耕的微生物略低，这与所测的几类微生物数量的基本变化规律是一致的。少耕能激活土壤中的微生物，改良土壤。     

食品及饲料中三聚氰胺残留量液相色谱检测方法的研究

建立了食品及饲料中三聚氰胺残留检测的反相高效液相色谱方法。样品经乙腈水或甲醇水提取,离心分离,过0.2m滤膜,然后采用RP-HPLC-UV法测定,外标法定量。对色谱分离条件进行了优化,三聚氰胺在0.05g/mL～10.0g/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.99994。在4.0mg/kg～80.0mg/kg浓度范围内,平均加标回收率在90.5%～102.7%之间,相对标准偏差为2.96%～3.62%,方法的最低检出限为5mg/kg。该方法简便、快速,满足食品及饲料中三聚氰胺残留量的检验工作需要。     

油樟叶内生真菌的多样性研究

 采取在马铃薯培养基上加无菌油樟(Cinnamomum longepaniculatum N.Chao ex H.W.Li)叶汁液作为分离培养基的办法,从油樟树叶中分离到24株内生真菌,经过鉴定,其分属于子囊菌纲的双足囊菌属(Dipodascus Lagerh.)、拟指突孢曲霉属(Emericellopsis J.F.H.Beyma)和半知菌类的花核菌属(Anthina Fr.)、青霉属(Penicillium Link)、组丝核菌属(Phacodium Pers.)、茎叶核菌属(Ectostroma Fr.)、地霉(Geotrichum Link)、皮核菌(Acinula Fr.)、团丝核菌(Papulaspora Preuss)、发菌(Capillaria Pers.)、峡串孢霉(Paepalopsis J.G.Khn)、小卵孢霉(Ovularia Sacc.)、卵形孢霉(Oospora Wallr.)、稀丝头孢霉(Haplotrichum Link)、单梗曲霉(Briarea Corda)等15个属,且以无孢菌居多,表现出较为丰富的类群(物种)多样性.     

Biomineralization of phototrophic microbes in silica-enriched hot springs in South China

Microbial mats in two hot springs in South China were sampled for the research of mineralization of microbes and its mechanism by the methods of geology and modern biology. The results show that hot spring microbes have the key capability for enrichment of Si, Al, Fe, Ca and other elements, and the microbes are also crucial for the formation of SiO2, CaCO3, clay and so on. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play important roles in the process of mineralization of hot spring microbes, which mainly takes place in the layer of EPS outside cell wall or sheath of cyanobacteria. The sheath outside cell wall, which keeps the normal metabolism of cyanobacteria during the process of mineralization on its surface, is also considerable for the biomineralization of cyanobacteria. According to structure and mineralization characteristics of two microbial mats, the process of mineralization can be divided into three stages, namely, early surface mineralization, middle degradation mineralization, and late des- quamation of mineral. The above conclusions are significant for comprehension of the process of mineralization, the process of deposition and the preservation of microfossil in modern and ancient extreme environments.     

Diet control on carbon isotopic composition of land snail shell carbonate

Carbon isotope compositions for both the carbonate shells and soft bodies (organic tissue) of living land snails collected mostly from the Loess Plateau, China have been measured. The result shows that δ 13C values range from -13.1‰ to -4.3‰ for the aragonite shell samples and from -26.8‰ to -18.0‰ for the soft body samples. Although the shells are enriched in 13C relative to the bodies averagely by 14.2(±0.8)‰, the shell δ 13Ca values are closely correlated to the body δ 13Corg values, expressed as δ 13Ca = 1.021 δ 13Corg 14.38 (R = 0.965; N = 31). This relationship indicates that δ 13Ca is primarily a function of the isotopic composition of the snail diets since previous studies have proved that the snail body is the same as their food in carbon isotope composition. In other words, carbon isotope compo-sition of the carbonate shell can be used as a proxy to estimate the dietary 13C abundance of the land snails. The data also support that the 13C enrichment of the carbonate shells results mainly from the equilibrium fractionations between the metabolic CO2, HCO3-in the hemolymph and shell aragonite, and partially from kinetic fractionations when snail shells form during their activity.     

微生物絮凝剂的应用研究

以处理高岭土悬浊液和池底污泥配制成的废液为基础,测定了其絮凝性,得出各种废水的最佳处理条件,探讨了金属阳离子对微生物絮凝性的影响。     

微生物实验教学改革的探索与实践

分析了黑龙江农业经济职业学院药学专业微生物实验教学的实际情况和学生实验效果的反馈情况,探索出既符合药学专业微生物学实验教学要求,又能对高职高专药学专业教育的发展提供新教学思路的教学模式,逐步实现实验教学由"知识型"向"能力型"转变,切实培养学生的创新精神和实践能力.     

内蒙古荒漠草原土壤微生物的分布特征及季节动态变化研究

研究了内蒙古荒漠草原土壤中主要微生物类群的数量随季节变化的规律，以及土壤中微生物的垂直分布特征．结果表明，土壤中3大类群微生物的数量关系为细菌〉放线菌〉真菌，各类群微生物的垂直分布均为0～10cm层多于10-20cm层．细菌、真菌、自生固氮菌以及微生物总数量的峰值出现在春季，而放线菌数量的峰值出现在秋季．     

壳聚糖对Burkholderia CF-56发酵液的絮凝效果

洋葱伯克翟尔德菌（Burkholderia CF-66）作为微生物农药能够抑制若干植物病原菌和原酵母菌，并且显示了广谱抗菌活性．通过对洋葱伯克霍尔德菌发酵液培养能得到具有生物活性的抗菌物质，有望以它替代现有的化学农药脚．