New Boundary Treatment Methods for Lattice Boltamann Method

In practical fluid dynamic simulations, the boundary condition should be treated carefully because it always has crucial influence on the numerical accuracy, stability and efficiency. Two types of boundary treatment methods for lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are proposed. One is for the treatment of boundaries situated at lattice nodes, and the other is for the approximation of boundaries that are not located at the regular lattice nodes. The first type of boundary treatment method can deal with various dynamic boundaries on complex geometries by using a general set of formulas, which can maintain secon-order accuracy. Based on the fact that the fluid flows simulated by LBM are not far from equilibrium, the unknown distributions at a boundary node are expressed as the analogous froms of their corresponding equilibrium distributions. analogous forms of their corresponding equilibrium distributions. Therefore, the number of unknowns can be reduced and an always-closed set of equations can be obtained for the solutions to pressure, velocity and special boundary conditions on various geometries. The second type of boundary treatment is a complete interpolation scheme to treat curved boundaries. It comes from careful analysis of the relations between distribution functions at boundary nodes and their neighboring lattice nodes. It is stable for all situations and of second-order accuracy. Basic ideas, implementation procedures and verifications with typical examples for the both treatments are presented. Numerical simulations and analyses show that they are accurate, stable,general and efficient for pracitical simulations.     

疲劳计算的破坏度法

本应用概率统计的观点，通过对应力状态、载荷块、应力幅分布函数的讨论，确定出安全系数、偏差系数和正态分布分位点，从而求出零件疲劳强度计算的破坏度。     

Dinosaur Footprint Fossils Discovered in Xinjiang

Recently, a Chinese-German science fieldwork investigation team, composed of staff from the Sino- German Paleontology and Geography Joint Lab and the Xinjiang Geological Work Station, announced that they discovered a batch of dinosaur footprint fossils in the dessert 20 kilometers to the east of Shanshan County in the Turpan Basin, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. These fossils spread around an area of 100 square meters and scientists believed that these footprints were left behind by carnivore dinosaurs. This major discovery has been published in Global Geology, an English journal published by the North- East Asia Geology Center.     

重庆库区旧石器时代至唐宋时期考古遗址时空分布与自然环境的关系

采用GIS空间分析方法,对重庆库区旧石器时代至唐宋时期考古遗址时空分布特征从遗址的时间分布、平面空间分布和垂直空间分布3个方面进行了分析.采用神农架大九湖旧石器时代以来连续沉积泥炭地层的孢粉记录,并结合前人对历史时期自然环境演变研究,对本区旧石器时代至唐宋时期自然环境背景进行了重建.通过考古遗址时空分布与自然环境的对比,对本区新石器时代至唐宋时期考古遗址分布的时空变化与自然环境演变、自然环境灾变的关系进行了探讨.研究表明,重庆库区旧石器时代至唐宋时期677处遗址时空分布的总趋势是从西往东、从高往低逐渐增加的.遗址多沿江河分布,且在河流交汇的区域呈聚集状态.史前的旧石器时代和新石器时代遗址分布高度明显高于历史时期.分析认为:(1)各时代人类都需要选择既靠近水源、又便于抵御洪水的河流1～2级阶地为生存地点.全新世以来,受区域构造抬升作用,河流相对下切,时代较早的史前遗址往往被置于较高的海拔位置;(2)重庆库区地形起伏较大,在受河流侧旁侵蚀与堆积形成的宽谷和阶地才有更多适于古人生存的空间,故遗址多沿江河分布;(3)本区早期经济以渔猎和农业为主,但在山地地区陡峭的地形限制了耕作业发展,而在河流交汇处地势平坦,土地肥沃,鱼类资源丰富,因而成为人们较为理想的耕作和渔猎场所;(4)本地区人类遗址时空分布变化受气候条件影响较大.     

福建沿海潮间带星虫种类及其分布的初步研究

一、本文报告我国福建沿海潮间带星虫类Sipuncuidea 11种，隶属于1科、4属，其中2个种为我国首次记录。二、本文对我国已有记载的个别错误种类给予更正。三、分布于福建沿海潮间带的星虫随纬度的增加其种数逐渐递减。其中Sipunculus nudus和Phasolosoma esculenta二种分布广、数量多，为本海区的优势种。四、星虫分布与底质有密切关系。分布于沙底质的种类有3种，泥沙底质的种类有7种，泥底质的种类有2种，红树林区的种类有1种，岩礁区的种类有4种。星虫分布与潮区有关。分布于高潮区的种类有4种，中潮区的种类有9和，低潮间的种类有7种。     

仿真数据的产生和分布拟合优度检验

本文介绍了仿真数据产生中的三个主要问题,即连续型仿真数据的产生、离散型仿真数据的产生和分布拟合优度检验。文章论述了仿真试验中最常用的单位圆内分布、正态分布、指数分布、爱尔朗分布、二项分布、泊松分布的抽样方法和编程步骤。文章以离散型泊松分布的样本数据为例,应用绘制频数直方图和计算X~2值的方法,讨论了在置信度α水平下的原假设分布是否成立的分布拟合优度检验方法。文章最后介绍了在行式打印机上输出沿垂直方向延伸的三字符宽度直方图的子程序(GHSDN)。