在建筑工程施工专业教育教学中融入环境保护的知识和理念——赴德国培训感想

我们赴德国参加中职建筑工程技术专业教师培训,不仅学习德国职业教育教学方法,更是深深感受德国在职业教育教学过程中将环境保护的意识贯穿每一环节,值得借鉴和学习,改变我们的教育教学环境、方法。     

建筑工程预算中造价管理问题探究

由于建筑工程中造价管理涉及诸多相关方,存在多种外在和内在因素的影响,造成了建筑工程预算与工程实际造价的偏离甚至出现"三超"既概算超估算,预算超概算,决算超预算的现象,造成建筑工程预算只是流于形式,起不到有效、合理控制工程造价的作用,鉴于此,本文旨在就建筑工程预算中出现的造价管理问题,进行探究并提出相应的对策,使建筑工程预算在实际工程造价中提高预测精度和准确性,从而达到控制建筑工程造价的目的,提高建筑工程的经济和社会效益。     

构建建筑学科概念体系的思考

精确、完备、系统的概念体系是学科良好发展的重要根基。长久以来,建筑学科存在着基本范畴不清晰、核心概念不明确、概念定义模糊、概念关系不明、概念未成体系、概念使用混乱等问题,影响了学科的高质量发展、精细化研究以及与其他学科的交流借鉴,也给广大建筑教育者和学习者带来诸多困扰。文章运用聚类思维,将建筑学科本体范畴的最本质、最重要、最稳定、最普遍的概念汇总,按照“建筑本体要素、建筑影响要素、建筑构成要素”的逻辑,对概念进行分析、比较、分类,形成较为系统化的概念和术语体系。通过概念体系的构建,旨在加强建筑学科领域概念使用的精确性与规范性,提升学科理论知识表达的科学性与严谨性,形成对建筑学科的整体、清晰认识,从而促进学科走向成熟、系统和科学。     

建筑电气节能设计相关问题探讨

当前我国建筑能耗形势严峻。为了节约建筑电能消耗,本文在阐述电气设计原则的基础上,对电气节能设计中的具体环节进行了探讨。     

浅谈实现建筑电气节能的多种措施

伴随着现代工业的快速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高,建筑的电气节能问题日益重要。如何节能降耗,成为建筑电气设计的关键,因此,建筑电气节能设计尤为重要。本文对建筑电气的节能途径及节能方法进行了初步的探讨。     

System deployment optimization in architecture design

Optimization of architecture design has recently drawn research interest. System deployment optimization （SDO） refers to the process of optimizing systems that are being deployed to activi- ties. This paper first formulates a mathematical model to theorize and operationalize the SDO problem and then identifies optimal so- lutions to solve the SDO problem. In the solutions, the success rate of the combat task is maximized, whereas the execution time of the task and the cost of changes in the system structure are mini- mized. The presented optimized algorithm generates an optimal solution without the need to check the entire search space. A novel method is finally proposed based on the combination of heuristic method and genetic algorithm （HGA）, as well as the combination of heuristic method and particle swarm optimization （HPSO）. Experi- ment results show that the HPSO method generates solutions faster than particle swarm optimization （PSO） and genetic algo- rithm （GA） in terms of execution time and performs more efficiently than the heuristic method in terms of determining the best solution.     

Simplified calculation of UWB signal transmitting through a finitely conducting slab

A simplified closed-form analytic solution for UWB impulse signal transmitting through a finitely conducting slab is proposed. The approach first requires evaluating the impulse response of the slab and then convolving it with the specified incident field waveform. To obtain the impulsive transmitting field, either for vertical or horizontal polarization, approximations to the refraction coefficients and propagation loss are made, which can be proved to be accurate enough, comparing with their frequency domain solutions. Thereby, it permits simplified closed-form expressions in the time domain for both terms. The resulting transient response for the transmitting impulse field is then given by convolution of the time domMn refraction coefficients and time domain propagation loss. A numerical example of an incident monocyele transmitting through a slab using this technique, is presented, to illustrate the effective use of the method.     

Deconvolution techniques for characterizing indoor UWB wireless channel

A deconvolution algorithm is proposed to account for the distortions of impulse shape introduced by propagation process. By finding the best correlation of the received waveform with the multiple templates, the number of multipath components is reduced as the result of eliminating the ＂phantom paths＂, and the captured energy increases. Moreover, it needs only a single reference measurement in real measurement environment （do not need the anechoic chamber）, which by far simplifies the templates acquiring procedure.     

基于众包校正的多源融合室内定位算法

为了提高室内定位算法的精度,本文融合Wi-Fi和蓝牙两种信号源,提出了一种结合粗定位和众包校正的适用于多用户环境的室内定位算法。该定位算法分为离线和在线两个阶段,离线阶段的主要任务是构建多个指纹库,在线阶段的主要任务是进行粗定位和众包校正。粗定位分别利用Wi-Fi接收信号强度指示和蓝牙接收信号强度指示计算用户的粗略位置和用户间的距离;众包校正包括聚类校正和虚拟空间校正两个部分,它利用用户间的距离和用户组的位置分布提高定位精度。在UJIIndoorLoc和IPIN2017-CAR数据集上进行验证,实验结果表明,提出的定位算法将平均定位误差分别降至4.96 m和4.35 m。     

基于风险评估的装配式建筑施工质量因素识别方法

为了提高装配式建筑施工质量因素识别的准确性,设计一个基于风险评估的装配式建筑施工质量因素识别方法。首先提出施工质量因素识别过程,运用定性和定量分析相结合的方法,构建相关的指标体系,并对相关指标带来的风险进行了分析,采用层次分析方法对装配式建筑施工质量因素进行识别。结果表明,所设计的基于风险评估的装配式建筑施工质量因素识别方法有效提高了施工质量因素识别的准确性,并在较短的时间内能够实现施工质量因素识别,为相关装配式建筑施工工程质量因素识别提供参考。