数字鸿沟主要影响因素的关系结构分析

首先运用文献计量学方法,对中国期刊全文数据库收录的有关数字鸿沟的论文作了统计分析,从前人众多的研究成果中,筛选并确定了数字鸿沟的14个主要影响因素.随后应用解释结构模型分析14个主要影响因素的关系结构,结果表明信息资源、地理位置、年龄、个人拥有计算机、个人信息技能、个人收入水平是数字鸿沟的表层直接影响因素,信息技术研发投入、信息人才、个人信息意识是中层间接影响因素,教育发展水平、经济发展水平、信息基础设施建设、政府相关政策、社会文化是深层根本影响因素.这些研究结果对于正确地理解数字鸿沟的形成、发展和演化机理有着重要的意义.     

基于快速鲁棒性特征的景象匹配

针对光电成像制导景象匹配中图像产生较大几何形变的问题,提出了一种基于快速鲁棒性特征(speeded up robust feature, SURF)的景象匹配算法。SURF提取的图像特征具有尺度和旋转不变性,对灰度不敏感,并能快速运算。算法首先利用仿射变换对基准图像进行3D视角补偿,模拟基准图像在不同视角下的成像,以减小基准图像和实时图像间的视角差异,分别提取两图像的SURF特征,然后根据最小欧氏距离准则提取两图像间匹配的SURF特征点对,根据该特征点对估计基础矩阵,得到两图像的投影关系。仿真结果表明,该算法能够适应光电成像制导中图像的几何形变,实现稳定的景象匹配。     

Knowledge-based bridge detection from SAR images

Automatic bridge detection is an important application of SAR images. Differed from the classical CFAR method, a new knowledge-based bridge detection approach is proposed. The method not only uses the backscattering intensity difference between targets and background but also applies the contextual information and spatial relationship between objects. According to bridges’ special characteristics and scattering properties in SAR images, the new knowledge-based method includes three processes: river segmentation, potential bridge areas detection and bridge discrimination. The application to AIRSAR data shows that the new method is not sensitive to rivers’ shape. Moreover, this method can detect bridges successfully when river segmentation is not very exact and is more robust than the radius projection method.     

Online blind source separation based on joint diagonalization

A now algorithm is proposed for joint diagonalization. With a modified objective function, the now algorithm not only excludes trivial and unbalanced solutions successfully, but is also easily optimized. In addition, with the new objective function, the proposed algorithm can work well in online blind source separation (BSS) for the first time, although this family of algorithms is always thought to be valid only in batch-mode BSS by far. Simulations show that it is a very competitive joint diagonalization algorithm.     

系统科学视野中的生态文明

本文从系统科学的视角,对生态文明的科学基础、哲学基础和建设途径进行了探讨,提出系统科学是生态文明的科学基础,辩证整体论是生态文明的哲学基础,生态文化是建设生态文明的基本途径。     

关于复杂系统宏观与微观描述的一个结论

一个复杂系统可以从微观单元出发进行刻画，也可以从宏观角度来描写。本文一般性地讨论了这两种描述的关系，给出具有不同微观基础的宏观变量之间存在函数关系的条件，指出具有不同微观基础的宏观变量之间可能没有确定的函数关系，也不能简单地将微观变量的函数关系应用到宏观变量，要特别注意基于数据回归得到的宏观总量关系的使用条件。     

Dynamic model and simulation of aseismatic system about laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly based on MSTMM

The precision of the laser gyro used in tactical missiles is poor because of dithering frequency,actuating by vibration,shock and overload in dynamical environment.This paper introduces the transfer matrix method of the multibody system(MSTMM),establishes the dynamic model of the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly aseismatic system,and analyzes the precision affected by dithering of the laser gyro and shocking of the tactical missile.And the dynamic response of the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly aseismatic system is obtained by simulating the multibody system model.The simulation result indicates a theoretical idea to design the vibration isolation for the laser gyro strapdown inertial measure assembly.     

Pulsar/CNS integrated navigation based on federated UKF

In order to improve the autonomous navigation capability of satellite, a pulsar/CNS (celestial navigation system) integrated navigation method based on federated unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is proposed. The celestial navigation is a mature and stable navigation method. However, its position determination performance is not satisfied due to the low accuracy of horizon sensor. Single pulsar navigation is a new navigation method, which can provide highly accurate range measurements. The major drawback of single pulsar navigation is that the system is completely unobservable. As two methods are complementary to each other, the federated UKF is used here for fusing the navigation data from single pulsar navigation and CNS. Compared to the traditional celestial navigation method and single pulsar navigation, the integrated navigation method can provide better navigation performance. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the navigation method.     

Fast motion estimation algorithm for H.264/AVC based on centered prediction

H.264/AVC video coding standard can achieve roughly half of the bit-savings over MPEG2 and MPEG4 for a given quality. However, this comes at a cost in considerably increased complexity at the encoder and thus increases the difficulty in hardware implementation. The high redundancy that exists between the successive frames of a video sequence makes it possible to achieve a high data compression ratio. Motion estimation (ME) plays an important role in motion compensated video coding. A fast motion estimation algorithm for H.264/AVC is proposed based on centered prediction, called centered prediction based fast mixed search algorithm (CPFMS). It makes use of the spatial and temporal correlation in motion vector (MV) fields and feature of all-zero blocks to accelerate the searching process. With the initialized searching point prediction, adaptive search window changing and searching direction decision, CPFMS is provided to reduce computation in block-matching process. The experimental results show that the speed of CPFMS is nearly 12 times of FS with a negligible peak signal-noise ratio (PSNR) loss. Also, the efficiency of CPFMS outperforms some popular fast algorithms such as hybrid unsymmetrical cross multi-hexagongrid search and a novel multidirectional gradient descent search evidently.     

论基础概率谬误及其研究范式

基础概率谬误的提出打破了以贝叶斯定理为基础的规范性研究方案在决策理论研究领域中的主导地位,在决策理论的发展史上具有重要的历史地位。在过去的40余年里,人们对这个问题的研究成为了决策理论研究领域里的一大主流。人们的研究范式总的来说有三种:经验性研究(或实验性研究)、规范性研究,以及方法论研究。但是,人们关于基础概率谬误这个问题本身还存在一些争论,争论的焦点在于基础概率是否能够等同于先验概率?违背贝叶斯定理是否就真的是谬误?