沁河流域地表水与地下水转换的模拟

黄河中游的沁河流域中下游水文地质情况复杂,地表水地下水转换频繁。为研究该流域水资源形成转换规律,建立了一个基于相似水文响应单元的物理性分布式水文模型,模拟了人类活动用水影响下的水文过程,用简化的渗流模型模拟成层岩溶地区地下水运动。经参数率定和1986—1998年长系列模拟,结果显示:沁河流域水资源量主要受降水影响,地表水与地下水转换量占地下水资源量80%以上。超采地下水导致地下水位下降,引起地表径流量显著减少。成层岩溶影响到多个水文过程,地表水与地下水转换随着岩溶发育而动态变化。     

浅谈城市规划中的环境保护规划

城市规划对城市的发展起着极其重要的作用，但长期以来，由于城市规划的环境保护方面的局限性，致使城市发展过程中产生了一系列环境问题。本文在我国部分城市环境污染现状的基础上，提出了环境保护规划的主要内容，指出了城市大气、水体、固体废物和城市声环境发展的远景目标，阐明了城市规划中环境保护规划的重要作用。     

"门槛"理论在水资源短缺城市规划中的应用

我国是世界上可利用水资源较匮乏的国家之一，城市水源的短缺更是制约城市可持续发展的不利因素。本文在基于“门槛”理论，以吉林省四平市为例，研究水源短缺城市的规划中克服该“门槛”的对策及采取的有效措施，以达到减少市财政开支，保证城市经济、社会可持续发展的目的。     

关于经营城市的若干问题探讨

经营城市的实践活动已在我国很多城市展开并取得成效,由此引起了人们对经营城市的关注和研究。笔者从经营城市的概念和目的说起,就如何经营城市进行一些探讨,针对目前经营城市中出现的一些问题,指出在经营城市中要处理好几种关系,并对开展经营城市做出几点粗浅的理性思考。     

pH响应性聚乙二醇-co-聚丙烯酸交联微球的合成

在N,N′-亚甲基二丙烯酰胺(Bis)存在的条件下,以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,使苯乙烯单封端聚乙二醇(St-PEG)大分子单体与丙烯酸(AAc)在3-戊酮溶液中进行分散共聚反应,得到了聚乙二醇-co-聚丙烯酸(PEG-co-PAAc)交联微球.动态激光光散射测试结果表明,所得的交联微球具有良好的单分散性;同时发现,在共聚反应中St-PEG大分子单体、AAc和Bis溶液浓度对交联微球粒径有明显的影响;交联微球的Rh在pH为4.5附近突然增加,并在pH>7.0后保持不变,说明该PEG-co-PAAc交联微球具有明显的pH响应性.     

Analyzing Nonstationary Random Response of a SDOF System under the Evolutionary Random Excitation by Wavelet Transform

For evolutionary random excitations, a general method of analyzing nonstationary random responses of systems was presented in this paper. Firstly, for the evolutionary random excitation model, the evolutionary power spectrum density function （EPSD） of a random excitation was given by wavelet transform. Based on the EPSD, the nonstationary responses of a SDOF system subjected to evolutionary random excitations were studied. The application and validity of presented method were illustrated by numerical examples. In numerical examples, the recently developed stochastic models for El Centro （1934） and Mexico City （1985） earthquakes which preserve the nonstationary evolutions of amplitude and frequency content of ground accelerations were used as excitations. The nonstationary random mean-square responses of a SDOF system under these two excitations were evaluated and compared with simulated results.     

我国城市交通问题的分析及对策

分析了当前我国城市交通面临的主要问题及其产生的原因,从尽快制定公共交通优先发展的政策、调整城市土地使用功能、合理组织城市交通的运营路线和时间、规范汽车消费行为、重点发展特大城市的轨道交通和提高全民交通意识等方面提出了改善城市交通的建议。     

智能型水凝胶改性研究进展

智能型水凝胶是一类具有广泛应用前景的功能高分子材料,但由于传统水凝胶存在一些缺点因而限制了其应用,因此近年来围绕提高传统水凝胶的性能做了大量研究工作.该文从4个主要方面综述了近年来智能型水凝胶改性的研究进展.     

Synthesis and photocurrent response of porphyrin-containing conjugated polymers

In recent years conjugated polymers have attracted considerable attention because of their potential appli- cations in the fields of light emitting diodes, photo- voltaic devices, and sensors[1―7]. In the fabrication of semiconductor photovoltaic devices…     

Climate change and hydrologic process response in the Tarim River Basin over the past 50 years

Climate change and hydrologic process response in the Tarim River Basin over the past 50 years are the focus of more and more researchers＇ attention. In this paper, both temperature and precipitation time series were found to present a monotonic increasing trend using nonparametric tests. Noticeably, a significant step change in both temperature and precipitation time series occurred in 1986. By contrasting the trends of natural water process in headstream and mainstream, we found that it was anthropogenic activities not climate change that caused the river dried up and vegetation degenerated in the lower reaches of Tarim River. The results of gray correlation analysis show that the runoff of higher latitude distributing river is more closely associated with winter snow stocking, while that of lower latitude is more closely related to summer temperature. Runoff in the headstream is more sensitive to precipitation, while that in the mainstream is more sensitive to evaporation. The strong evaporation caused by increasing temperature weakened runoff to some extent in spite of the fact that precipitation increased over the past 50 years.