地震活动水平指数在吉林西部及邻区的应用

<正>以吉林省西部、内蒙兴安盟和黑龙江齐齐哈尔地区(北纬42°-48°,东经119°-128°)为研究区域,应用地震活动指数(L)对该区域进行地震预测预报。经过近十年的跟踪应用,认为该方法实用性较强,有一定的应用价值。吉林西部及邻近地区位于松辽断块和大兴安岭隆起带交汇处,区域主要活动构造有:嫩江断裂带、第二松花江断裂带、洮儿河断裂、大     

The effect of inhomogeneous water on seismic imaging in deepwater areas of the South China Sea

This paper examines the effect of inhomogeneous water on seismic imaging in deep water areas. An appropriate partial differen- tial equation is derived for the acoustic pressure field in inhomogeneous water, including current effects. Seismic wavefields are simulated and the results show that the traveltime of seismic waves can be affected. The maximum traveltime perturbation at zero offset is 20 ms. In particular, the structure of horizontal reflectors below the water is distorted by mesoscale eddies. Variations of water temperature are the fundamental cause of the distortion. Finally, a calibration method for the distortion of seismic imaging caused by inhomogeneous water is presented.     

基于地震属性相关主成分分析的储层预测

通过分析地震属性与储层预测对象的相关关系,提出了一种基于地震属性相关主成分分析的油气储层预测方法,该方法通过降维获取地震属性综合变量,该综合变量既能代表地震属性变异或数据的空间结构,又能保证地震属性与储层参数具有最大的相关性,综合变量个数由卡纳尔准则确定,理论试算及实际应用表明该方法具有良好的去噪作用,能形成较可信的地震属性与储层参数的关系,具有较高的预测精度,本文方法优于基于地震属性主成分分析的储层预测方法。     

掩埋物对声-地震耦合效率的影响

为验证声共振探雷模型对地雷的鉴别能力,研究了不同掩埋物对声．地震耦合效率的影响．首先,简述声波共振技术探测地雷的基本原理及其实验系统;其次,检测在没有埋藏物、埋藏地雷及埋藏砖头3种情况下声波激发的地表振动速度的幅频特性曲线;最后,用有无掩埋物地表振动速度相对值的数据处理方法分析地雷对地表振动的影响．研究结果显示,埋藏地雷与没有埋藏物的地表振动速度的比值在很宽的频带内大于1,地雷能引起地表振动状态的明显变化．表明掩埋地雷能提高声一地震耦合效率,声共振探雷模型具有较强的地雷鉴别能力．     

浅谈山区大跨度桥梁设计

本文就山区地形地质特点展开分析,通过对相关桥梁结构形式的应用,实现山区大跨度桥梁的桥梁体系的健全,满足上下部结构设计的需要。促进其高墩稳定性的提升,加强公路施工质量,实现对大跨度公路桥梁安全施工的需要。     

用压缩感知方法研究大地震的破裂过程——方法与研究进展

通过观测方法来研究大地震的破裂过程是认识地震破裂物理规律最重要的手段之一.本文较为详细地介绍了基于稀疏反演理论的压缩感知方法及其在研究大地震破裂过程中不同频率能量释放的时空分布中的应用,着重介绍了采用压缩感知算法所获得的俯冲带特大逆冲型地震与频率及深度相关的能量释放过程,并讨论了该过程与随深度变化的同震断层滑移量和早期余震分布之间的关系.这为认识俯冲板块表面随深度变化的摩擦性质和俯冲带大地震的破裂规律提供了重要的观测结果.最后本文讨论了通过观测手段研究大地震破裂过程的现状和未来,并展望了压缩感知算法在研究地震破裂能量释放及其他地震学和地球物理学领域中的应用.     

李四光的地质力学与地震成因理论

李四光(1889-1971),湖北黄岗人,原名李仲揆,14岁时在武昌高等小学以优异成绩考取留日生,在填写出国护照表格时,不慎在姓名一栏里填写了年龄"十四",这可糟了!小仲揆急中生智,顺手将"十"字改写成"李",心中念到:"李四,李四,……这名字多难听呵!"猛然间他一眼瞥见大厅中挂有一块"光被四表"的匾额,受到启发,便在"李四"之后加了一个"光"字,成了"李四光"。这下好了,四光,四光——四面光明,光照四方!从此,李仲揆便成了李四光。这名字来自顿悟!     

Deep structure at northern margin of Tarim Basin

In this paper, a 2D velocity structure of the crust and the upper mantle of the northern margin of the Tarim Basin （TB） has been obtained by ray tracing and theoretical seismogram calculation under the condition of 2D lateral inhomogeneous medium using the data of seismic wide angle reflection/refraction profile from Baicheng to Da Qaidam crossing the Kuqa Depression （KD） and Tabei Uplift （TU）. And along the Baicheng to Da Qaidam profile, 4 of the 10 shot points are located in the northern margin of the TB. The results show that the character of the crust is uniform on the whole between the KD and TU, but the depth of the layers, thickness of the crust and the velocity obviously vary along the profile. Thereinto, the variation of the crust thickness mainly occurs in the middle and lower crust. The Moho has an uplifting trend near the Baicheng shot point in KD and Luntai shot point in TU, and the thickness of the crust reduces to 42 km and 47 km in these two areas, respectively. The transition zone between the KD and TU has a thickest crust, up to 52 km. In this transition zone, there are high velocity anoma- lies in the upper crust, and low velocity anomalies in the lower crust, these velocity anomalies zone is near vertical, and the sediment above them is thicker than the other areas. According to the velocity distributions, the profile can be divided into three sections： KD, TU and transition zone between them. Each section has a special velocity structural feature, the form of the crystalline basement and the relationship between the deep structure and the shallow one. The differences of velocity and tectonic between eastern and western profile in the northern margin of the Tarim Basin （NMTB） may suggest different speed and intensity of the subduction from the Tarim basin to the Tianshan orogenic belt （TOB）.     

搞好制度建设:日本的经验

王新生:日本绝对是一个地震大国。三级以上的地震每天就有四次,全球六级以上的地震大概20%发生在日本。日本有86座活火山,占了全     

LNG储气罐的地震设计反应谱

 对于液化天然气储罐,关注的重点往往是安全性与经济考量之间的怎样取得一个平衡,就大陆的石化工程而言,依据怎样的标准既满足社会对工程安全的期待值,又符合液化天然气储罐的结构特点和场地特征,一直是个重要的课题。重点介绍了对于液化天然气储罐这类结构的在设计中的运行基准地震水平(OBE)和安全停机地震水平(SSE)的确定。以曹妃店岛的LNG项目为例,介绍了液化天然气储罐所采用的地震设计反应谱。