模糊神经网络在地质数据分析中的应用

根据石油地质资料的特点，提出了一种应用于地质数据分析的模糊神经网络模型，试验结果表明，用该模型进行地质数据的多变量分析，不用考虑数学模型，神经网络就能以“Ｂ工”表达方式表示出各变量间的关系。对于具有不确定性和模糊性的地质数据，有良好的分析和处理能力，而且精度和速度都比较理想。     

中国震积作用和震积岩研究进展

震积岩是在地层中具有古地震事件记录的岩层,对其进行研究可为地壳构造演化提供动力学解释。目前国内外学者对震积岩的研究主要集中在古生代以前的海相地层。对中国在海相和陆相地层的震积岩与震积作用、地震-海啸序列、碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列、震积岩与震积不整合序列、萨布哈震积岩序列以及中生代陆相地层中碎屑岩原地系统的地震液化序列等方面的研究成果进行了综述。对惠民凹陷古近纪陆相碎屑岩地层的研究结果表明,该区发育微同沉积断裂和震裂缝、卷曲变形构造、水下岩脉和泄水构造、震积枕状及伴生构造等典型的地震成因变形构造。震积岩垂向序列自下而上为：A段为下伏未震层,B段为微同沉积断裂层,C段为微褶皱变形层,D段为枕状及伴生构造层,E段为液化均一层,F段为上覆未震层。深入开展新生代陆相断陷湖盆震积作用和震积岩研究,能为盆地构造演化提供动力学解释,如果能与岩性、成岩作用史、孔隙演化史相匹配研究震积岩,将具有一定的石油地质意义。     

Dating recent lake sediments using spheroidal carbonaceous particle （SCP）

Dating lake sediment using sedimentary event is the supplement and calibration to traditional dating by radionuclide such as ^210Pb and ^137Cs. Based on the change of spheroidal carbonaceous particle (SCP) concentration, the age sequence of lake sediments can be deduced. It is one of the dating methods using sedimentary event. SCP is formed from combustion of fossil fuel at high temperature up to1750℃ and at a rate of heating of approaching 104℃/s. It can be dispersed to several hundred kilometers away from its source and deposited with precipitation or dryly deposited, and kept in sediments. Compared with Cs or Pb, there is no evidence for SCP that it decays in lake sediments and is unremovable once stored except by physical disturbance because it is mainly composed of element carbon. Handy method to extract, identify and calculate has been developed. Although fossil fuel has been used early in China, combustion at high temperature started later since emergence of electricity generation. The productivity of SCP is positively related with the generated thermal power, which is reflected as the SCP concentration in lake sediments increases with the increase of generated thermal power. Therefore, reliable sediment markers from the start of the SCP record and the remarkable variation can be used for dating purpose. In China, electricity industry started from the 1950s, and rapid increase of generated power took place since 1978. Based on these time markers, SCP time sequences of lake sediment cores LH and LL-4 from Longgan Lake, the middle reach of the Yangtze River, have been established, which is comparable with the results from ^137Cs and ^210pb, and has eliminated the errors of dating using ^137Cs and ^210pb.     

35 ka BP climate simulations in East Asia and probing the mechanisms of climate changes

Interglacial or postglacial climates are all of charac-teristic of warmer conditions. However, if condition asso-ciated with the warm feature is wetter or drier than today,it would produce different impacts on natural environ-ments and human society. Quaternary studies found thatclimate with warm-dry or warm-wet conditions had oc-curred in China during the last 40—30 ka BP[1]. For ex-ample, it was warmer than the present during themid-Holocene (3—8 ka BP) and the late phases of MarineIsot…     

从福州淤泥的变形特征谈淤泥地基的设计

福州地区广泛分布着压缩性非常高的淤泥．由于它的存在,房屋的安全、质量与造价都受到严重的影响。如何正确设计淤泥地基已经成为房屋建筑工程中最突出的问题。 本文根据福州市淤泥地基上十多座房屋的沉降观测、变形情况的调查以及一些室外试验资料,对福州淤泥的变形特征特别是影响变形的因素进行了分析讨论。在此基础上,对地基基础的设计工作提出了一些建议,并从工程效果与经济方面,对福州地区目前常用的四种处理方法——桩基、砂垫层、宽基浅埋与片筏基础进行了比较与讨论,从理论上阐明了在福州淤泥地区的地质条件下,宽基浅埋的方法应当较砂垫层优先考虑。     

基于机器学习的找矿预测模型在湖南岳溪锑矿田的应用

分析各类地质找矿因子与矿体之间的相关性,建立合理高效的找矿预测模型,是优选找矿勘查靶区的关键。位于雪峰弧形构造带中段之金锑钨多金属成矿带上的岳溪矿田,找矿前景良好。以岳溪断裂(F_1)南部缓冲区、从Landsat8-OLI影像数据中提取的铁染及羟基蚀变信息及从地球化学勘探获取的Sb等10种元素含量作为地质找矿因子,分别构建了基于随机森林和支持向量机的分类预测模型。通过分析认为,随机森林模型具有更为优异的预测功能,故选取该模型的预测结果进行成矿潜力制图。研究结果表明F_1以南的缓冲区和地表的As、Sb含量,对矿体定位有较高的贡献;划分的成矿高潜力区,占研究区的7.69%,包含着98.60%的含矿单元,可优选为后续找矿勘查工作的靶区。     

中甸普朗-红山地区航空磁测运用效果

中甸普朗-红山地区开展的航空磁测,对本地区普朗、红山等大型-超大型铜区的勘查和发现起到重要作用,作为区内布置开展地面地质、物化探等工作手段的主要依据.     

云南省昭通地区大中型铅锌矿床地质特征及成因对比分析

云南省昭通地区是滇东北铅锌银矿集区的重要组成部分.通过昭通地区茂租大型、金沙厂中型铅锌矿床铅同位素特征对比分析,进一步了解昭通地区铅锌矿床的成因,为该区找矿提供理论基础.研究表明,2个矿床既有沉积成因的特征,也有后期热液改造的特征.成矿金属主要来自上部地壳岩石,少量来自下地壳或上地幔,二者均属于沉积改造矿床铅锌矿化即受热水沉积控制,又受后期改造作用影响.该区的找矿工作既要重视寻找层状、似层状矿体,也要加强寻找大脉状矿体的力度.