试论峨眉山玄武岩喷发构造环境——微量元素地球化学证据

本文讨论了峨眉山玄武岩微量元素地球化学和锶、钕同位素特征,并与不同构造环境火成岩进行了对比。研究表明,峨眉山玄武岩显示了次大陆地幔富集的特征和地幔部分熔融、分异结晶的成因特点,喷发在大陆边缘裂谷构造环境。这一结论与其他地质研究成果的一致性,说明微量元素地球化学特征可以提供基性岩浆喷发构造环境的重要信息。本文还提出了玄武岩浆喷发、裂谷作用可能的动力机制。     

东营凹陷与幔源富CO2流体有关的复合成因烷烃

应用天然气碳同位素地球化学对幔源流体有关的复合成因烷烃进行初步的探讨，不营凹陷天然气烷烃碳同位素在数值上具有有机成因特征，但是在数据结构上却存在两个次总体，反映两种不同的成因类型，总体上，高δ13CCH4值次总体与幔源CO2含量较高的天然气相对应，主要分布在幔源流体和基性火成岩活动区，研究表明，盆地埋藏热演化，烃源岩类型以及盆地流体－岩石反应不是造成东营凹陷甲烷碳同位素变化的主要原因，其主要原因可能是幔源流体与有机成因油气 的混合。     

一种古特提斯演化的动力学模型——来自中国古特提斯蛇绿岩的证据

东古特提斯的演化是中国大地构造的关键问题之一。中国古特提斯蛇绿岩的综合对比显示，不同地区的蛇绿岩在源区特征和演化时序上体现的相当一致，岩浆源区缺乏来自俯冲板片的成分而基本是洋中脊型（MORB）的，这使古特提斯蛇绿岩区别于世界上大多数蛇绿岩，因而也暗示古特提斯洋盆的演化具有自己的特点，应当把它作为具有时空分布和独立动力学机制的热演化系统。提出了一种建立在洋盆演化和深部动力学过程之上的工作模型。     

K-rich lamellar exsolution in clinopyroxene： Constraint on the depth of peridotite source at Zhimafang

The oriented lamellar K-rich exsolutions within clinopyroxene host were recognized in garnet peridotite massif at Zhimafang in the Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic terrane, eastern China. EMP and TEM analyses revealed that the composition and the index of electron diffraction for this exsolution are corresponding with phlogopite, and the shape is the lamellae with 1 μm in width and 5 to 30 μm in length. Moreover, the topotaxy is that the (001) of K-rich exsolution parallels to (I00) of the clinopyroxene host. The electron diffraction analyzing shows the exsolution is of a 1M polymorphism. The high-resolution lattice fringe image displays the stack features along [001], which only a layer mineral shows. We conclude that the clinopyroxene with IM and K-rich exsolution was probably derived from mantle depths over 240 km, thus resulting from decompressional exsolution in the initial stage of slab exhumation.     

Noble gases in corundum megacrysts from the basalts in Changle, Shandong Province, eastern China

This study presents noble gaseous data of the corundum megacrysts from the Cenozoic basalts in Changle, Shandong Province, eastern China. It is known that no noble gaseous data of corundum megacryst have been documented before. The 3He/4He ratios (1.13-7.37 Ra) of the corundums from Changle vary from atmosphere to MORB values; the 20Ne/22Ne (9.67-10.75) and 21Ne/22Ne (0.0280-0.0372) data define two linear trends on Ne three-isotope diagram, respectively, along the MFL and the correlation line between atmosphere and MORB; the 38Ar/36Ar (0.177-0.194) ratios, the 40Ar/36Ar (280.9 -404.2) ratios and the 128-136Xe/132Xe ration with obvious 129Xe excess are generally higher than at-mospheric component, but the 40Ar/36Ar ratios are much closer to atomospheric ratio. The isotopic compositions of noble gases (particularly for He and Ar) of the corundums are similar to those of py-roxene, anorthoclase megacrysts, and mantle-derived xenoliths from this area, and those of man-tle-derived xenoliths from several areas in eastern China. Therefore, the noble gases trapped in the corundums probably are from mantle source, representing a ‘mixed fluid' produced by the interaction between the lithospheric mantle and fluids releasing from the convective plate. Both the noble gas isotopic compositions and the oxygen isotopic compositions of the solid corundums are not the characteristics of crustal source. These suggest that the corundums crystallized from mantle-derived magmas with minimal crustal contamination.     

造波

正如俗语所说，里面的东西才是最重要的，地球也绝不例外。地球地幔中的固体岩石非常炽热，使它像热的奶糖一样能够流动，通过推动地球表面各处的构造板块从内向外地刻蚀着地球。碰撞的板块扭曲成山脉，或潜没到下面的粘性岩层中，几百万几千万年以后它又再度冒起，不过这一次它是从大洋中脊喷发而出的滚滚熔岩。     

地幔柱的发生机制研究——以Ferrar为例

利用三维数值模拟方法,根据地幔对流控制方程,以180 Ma喷发的Ferrar大火成岩省(LIP)为例,在模型中引入Pangea超大陆、大型横波低速带(LLSVPs)和Pangea超大陆边缘的俯冲带,模拟地幔对流过程,研究其对应地幔热柱从地球内部热边界层(例如核幔边界)的生成过程,并讨论导致该地幔柱产生的相关因素.结果表...     

论油气本源共同体——老油区发现新储量的探索思路

以克拉玛依油区为实例,提出了油气本源共同体新概念。指出深埋于新疆克拉玛依加依尔山下八大地质现象(巨大推覆体的加依尔山及其犁式断裂系统、玛湖新凹陷、山下古凹陷、中下地壳巨厚的低速高导层及其两侧的壳幔断裂、新疆隆起最高的莫霍面、深部上地幔软流圈形成隆起幅度达65 km的地幔柱),实际上就是生油—运移—散失—聚集—成藏—成带的隐工程。剖析这些深部构造后发现,裸露于加依尔山边百公里长多种类型丰富而罕见的油气苗和隐伏于地下沿克乌断裂带、玛湖断裂带聚集的油气富集带之油源,并非仅仅来自玛湖新凹陷,而更主要是来自深部三大烃灶(古凹陷内沉积物转化成烃、壳内低速高导层内由一氧化碳和氢合成幔源油气、地幔柱内由深部地幔流体聚合成烃碱流体),靠深、浅二套断裂系统上下沟通,形成既各自独立又相互联系、相互作用的不可分离的统一整体,即油气本源共同体。在我国华北、渤海湾、四川等油区都发育油气本源共同体,虽形态各异,但大同小异,提出应改变过去从上往下找油,顾上不顾下的传统做法,改为从下往上找油,上下兼顾的新思路。     

利用SS前驱波研究纳斯卡–南美俯冲带周边上地幔间断面起伏及其动力学意义

利用USArray的远震记录资料, 对1万多条地震记录的SS前驱波进行共反射点叠加分析(叠加范围是半径为5°的球冠), 得到纳斯卡板块南部及南美板块西部(120°W—60°W, 30°S—5°N)上地幔间断面的起伏形态。由于数据很好地覆盖了研究区域, 叠加范围更小, 因此比以往的结果具有更高的空间分辨率。在Galapagos, Easter和 San Felix这3个热点下方观测到的间断面起伏形态符合地幔深部存在高温异常的假设。还观测到: 在东太平洋洋隆南段下方, 410 km间断面深度增加; 在俯冲带下方, 410 km和 660 km间断面深度增加。