丰产柿园栽培及管理技术

从苗木培育、栽植、土壤管理、浇水、施肥、修剪等方面简要阐述了丰产柿园的栽培和管理技术。     

透视员工隐性流失

人才隐性流失现象已经引起了许多学者和管理学家的关注。但是关于隐性流失的准确概念还有着很多的争议,本文从员工流失相关概念入手,多角度透视,以求对员工隐性流失行为的研究和界定有所启示。     

Concentration level and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and grass around Mt. Qomolangma, China

High mountains may serve as a condenser for persistent organic pollutants. In the present study, soil and grass samples from Mt. Qomolangma region, China were collected from 4600 to 5620 m a.s.I and were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） to determine if they are concentrated at colder, more elevated sites and to evaluate their possible resources and fractionation. The total PAHs concentration in soil samples was 〈 600 ng g^-1, the critical value to differentiate PAHs levels in remote and urban regions. This implied the PAHs levels at Mt. Qomolangma are relatively low and what one might expect in such a remote region of the world. These low values may represent a soil background for mid-latitude Northern Hemisphere soils away from the direct influence of an anthropogenic source. As for the distribution pattern, the low molecular weight PAHs were prone to accumulate at higher altitude, while the high molecular weight PAHs inversely related or unrelated with elevation. Based on high concentration of phenanthrene at elevated sample site and the ratios of individual PAHs, we deduced that home-heating combustion and vehicle emission may result in the constitution trait of PAHs in this mountain region. Monsoon traveling over India, Pakistan and other countries with dense population may carry contaminant to Mt. Qomolangma region.     

浅谈2,4-滴丁酯飘移药害

2,4-滴丁酯是目前防除鸭跖草(俗称兰花菜)的有效药剂,广泛用于玉米、大豆播后苗前土壤封闭,也可用于玉米田苗后早期茎叶处理。     

三种广东典型土壤对Cu~(2+)的吸附——解吸特性研究

用平衡吸附法研究了广东地区的红壤、砖红壤以及水稻土对Cu2+的吸附和解吸。结果表明:土壤对Cu2+的吸附量、净吸附量、解吸量都随添加Cu2+浓度的增大而增大;在添加相同浓度的Cu2+标准液时,土壤对铜的净吸附量基是水稻土>红壤>砖红壤,pH值、CEC和有机质含量越大,土壤的吸附量越大;结合使用等温吸附曲线与解吸率,能够很好地描述土壤对Cu2+的吸附特性;土壤对Cu2+的吸附可用Langmuir模型、Freundlich模型和Temkin模型加以描述。     

内蒙古荒漠草原土壤微生物的分布特征及季节动态变化研究

研究了内蒙古荒漠草原土壤中主要微生物类群的数量随季节变化的规律，以及土壤中微生物的垂直分布特征．结果表明，土壤中3大类群微生物的数量关系为细菌〉放线菌〉真菌，各类群微生物的垂直分布均为0～10cm层多于10-20cm层．细菌、真菌、自生固氮菌以及微生物总数量的峰值出现在春季，而放线菌数量的峰值出现在秋季．     

邵阳市植烟土壤养分含量与分布状况的分析

对邵阳市3个产烟县244个土壤样品的养分进行了分析,结果表明:烟区土壤pH值、有机质含量分别为5.9、29.7g/kg,适宜于优质烟叶的生产;土壤大量元素,速效氮、磷含量丰富,分别达到了167.5mg/kg、17.9mg/kg,土壤速效钾相对不足,含量仅为134.1mg/kg;土壤中、微量元素,有效锌含量富有,达到了2.04mg/kg,而硼和交换性镁分别为0.35mg/kg、0.85cmol/kg,存在不同程度的缺乏。因此在邵阳市烟区烟草施肥上,除施用氮、磷、钾外,还需注意镁、硼等中、微量元素肥料的协调施用。     

Vegetation Spatial Heterogeneity of Different Soil Regions in Inner Mongolia, China

The vegetation spatial heterogeneity and ecological characteristics in different soil regions were analyzed by surveying the vegetation in 12 different soil regions of Inner Mongolia, China, including conifer- ous-broadleaf deciduous forests, shrub, grassland, and desert regions with 1122 large 2 cm × 2 cm quad- rats (actual size 30 km × 30 km, referred to as L-quadrat hereafter) in about 1.18 million km2. Each L- quadrat was divided into four small 1 cm × 1 cm quadrats (actual size 15 km × 15 km, S-quadrat). The vegetation was analyzed based on the beta-binomial distribution to describe the frequency of occurrence and spatial heterogeneity for each kind of vegetation. The weighted average of the heterogeneity of all vegeta- tion in the same soil region provides a measure of the soil regional landscape level heterogeneity which de- scribes the spatial complexity of the regional landscape composition of the existing vegetation. Comparison of the vegetation characteristics in the 12 soil regions shows that, the calcic gray soil has the highest average vegetation type per quadrat. The largest soil region is calcic chestnut soil and has the most vegetation types. Every soil region has its own dominant vegetation sequence which dominates in occurrence and dominant vegetation types which dominates in spatial heterogeneity. For the Inner Mongolian vegetation, the weighted average of the heterogeneity is 0.60 and the vegetation diversity index is 4.47.     

藏东南高寒区尼洋河河谷地带不同土地利用方式土壤抗蚀性研究

土壤抗蚀性是评价土壤侵蚀潜在发生可能性的重要综合性指标,研究高寒河谷地带不同土地利用方式土壤抗蚀性为土地利用模式优化和资源整合提供理论依据.本文应用主成分分析法对藏东南高寒区尼洋河流域5种不同土地利用方式下的3大类、13个土壤抗蚀性指标进行分析研究.研究结果表明:土壤团粒类指标和有机质能很好地反映土壤抗蚀性,0.25 mm水稳性团聚体质量分数、0.5mm水稳性团聚体质量分数、0.25 mm非水稳性团聚体质量分数、水稳性指数、平均重量直径、团聚体结构破坏率、有机质7个指标对土壤抗蚀性的影响最为明显,是表现不同土地利用方式土壤抗蚀性的最佳指标.各抗蚀性指标值基本表现出(0～15)cm(16～30)cm规律.通过建立权重求和模型发现0～15 cm表层土壤抗蚀性能远远大于16～30 cm;最终,通过叠加法得出不同土地利用类型土壤抗蚀性评价从强到弱顺序为:灌木林地(SL)、天然林地(NF)、农耕地(CL)、河滩林地(BL)、人工林地(AF).     

基于高压密闭容器消解的土壤中有机质测定方法

在对比了多种土壤有机质测定方法的基础上,建立了基于高压密闭容器土壤有机质的外加热氧化法和微波消解法,结果表明这两种方法的测定准确可靠,相对误差均小于1.35%,相对标准偏差均小于4.79%,优于传统方法。考虑到方法的长期稳定性及操作简便性,本研究推荐微波消解法作为土壤有机质的最佳测定方法。