粉末活性炭在净水处理中应用现状与前景

粉末活性炭(PAC)处理工艺可快速高效地吸附去除水体中各类天然或合成的有机物、芳香族化合物、微污染物质、卤代烃以及铁、锰、重金属离子等有害物质,在净水领域具有广泛的应用意义.探讨了PAC的实际应用及联用其他技术所取得的成果,并基于其对有机物诸如农药、化工原料、气味性化合物、蓝藻毒素、总有机碳等有害物质的有效处理从而改善出水水质,提高出水生物稳定性,着重综述了PAC在净水处理中的研究进展及应用前景.     

汽缸在线激光淬火涂料喷涂机的设计与实现

研究了一种制备激光淬火吸光涂层的新方法,重点叙述了喷头和送料系统的设计原理,利用离心原理设计的喷头和涂料同步送给系统实现了水基混合物吸光涂料的自动涂敷,解决了涂料堵塞和沉淀的问题．该机成功应用于在线生产,吸光涂层均匀一致,厚度可控,满足激光淬火的要求,实现了吸光涂层制备机床化．     

电脑控制电弧喷涂设备的研制

介绍了一种电脑控制电弧喷涂设备．采用ＰＩ算法电弧电压负反馈使电源具有恒压外特性,配合ＰＩ算法电弧电流负反馈调节送丝速度,获得满意的喷涂效果．研究结果表明,电弧喷涂设备喷涂过程稳定,颗粒细小、均匀,涂层致密,抗网压波动能力强,喷涂规范调整灵活,控制精度高．     

Preparation of NiO nanoparticles from Ni（OH）2-NiCO3-4H2O precursor by mechanical activation

A mechanical activation process was introduced as a facile method for producing nickel oxide nanopowders. The precursor compound Ni（OH）2-NiCO3-4H2O was synthesized by chemical precipitation. The precursor was milled with NaCl diluent. A high-energy ball milling process led to decomposition of the precursor and subsequent dispersal in NaCl media. Nickel oxide nanocrystalline powders were produced by subsequent heat treatment and water washing. Milling rotation speed, milling time, ball-to-powder ratio （BPR）, and nickel chlo-ride-to-precursor ratio were introduced as influential parameters on the wavelength of maximum absorption （λmax）. The effects of these pa-rameters were investigated by the Taguchi method. The optimum conditions for this study were a milling rotation speed of 150 r/min, a mill-ing time of 20 h, a BPR of 15/1, and a NaCl-to-powder weight ratio （NPR） of 6/1. In these conditions,λmax was predicted to be 292 nm. The structural properties of the samples were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive spectrometry.     

不同活性掺合料RPC力学性能试验研究

为了研究不同活性掺合料的活性粉末混凝土(RPC)在不同养护温度条件下的基本力学性能,分别对24组不同养护温度、不同活性掺合料的RPC试件,进行抗压强度和抗折强度试验。结果表明:同一种活性掺合料替代硅灰比例相同时,高温养护条件下的RPC试件力学性能优于常温养护条件下的RPC试件;在相同温度下,不同活性掺合料替代硅灰比例为40%~60%时,RPC试件抗压强度大小依次为:粉煤灰微硅粉石英砂;活性掺合料种类和替代硅灰比例的改变对RPC试件抗折强度影响不是很大;钢纤维的掺入对RPC试件的强度有一定的提高作用。     

高炉炉身喷涂后炉况恢复实践

针对高炉炉身喷涂后,炉况恢复进程缓慢,烧损风口大套11个,分析其中原因,并提出避免的措施。     

利用激光熔覆技术制备ZrO_2+MgS辅助电极涂层

利用激光熔覆技术在氧化镁稳定氧化锆(MSZ)固体电解质表面制备出了ZrO2+MgS辅助电极涂层.利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了熔覆层的微观组织,并分析了影响涂层稳定性的因素.研究结果表明,熔覆层与基体结合良好,MgS粉体未完全分解和氧化,因此,利用激光熔覆法在氧化锆固体电解质表面制备ZrO2+MgS辅助电极方法可行.在1 600℃时,硫分压大于10-4.95Pa,MgS不发生分解;氧分压为10-55.78Pa时,硫分压大于10-46.36Pa,MgS不发生氧化.     

Comparison of the accuracy of powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques in determining organic crystal structure

This study demonstrates the accuracy of pow- der X-ray diffraction （PXRD） in determining the crystal structures of four organic molecules by comparing the structural information obtained from both single-crystal X-ray diffraction （SXRD） and PXRD techniques. Results showed that the PXRD technique had approximately the same precision as the SXRD technique. The majority of the relative deviations from PXRD-derived lattice parameters were within 4-0.2 % of the correct values （average of the SXRD data）, whereas the relative deviations in bond lengths and angles are within 4-1,0 %, All of the relative deviations were subjected to normal statistical distributions （# = 0） and coincided with the SXRD data. As an auxiliary implement of SXRD, PXRD is clearly an effective and powerful technique in establishing an accurate character- ization of organic molecules.     

用流延法制备LSGM电解质膜的研究

稀土钙钛矿型氧化物LaGaO3是固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)研制中具有应用前景的固体电解质材料,用固相反应法制备La0.85Sr0.15Ga0.85Mg0.15O2.85粉末,其水溶液pH值出现先升后降的规律,由于粉末在水溶液中很稳定,因而可采用水基浆料制备电解质膜。在La0.85Sr0.15Ga0.85Mg0.15O2.85粉末中加入适量分散剂、粘结剂、塑化剂、去泡剂和溶剂,用流延法制备LSGM厚膜,其厚膜完整、无宏观缺陷及可以卷曲,经过1500℃、10～24h烧结后可得到致密的LSGM厚膜。     

碳纳米管粉末微电极对儿茶酚的电催化还原

采用粉末微电极来研究修饰和未修饰的碳纳米管电极的电化学特性,结果显示经阳极极化的碳纳米管比未极化的碳纳米管具有明显的催化效果,处理后的碳纳米管修饰的粉末微电极邻苯二酚具有较高的催化活性．