Adsorption Characteristics of Remazol Black B on Anoxic Sludge

The adsorption characteristics of Remazol Black B on anoxic sludge were investigated. The parameters, such as initial pH, sulphate concentration, and temperature,affecting the dye adsorption were studied. The adsorption data were analyzed with three adsorption isotherm models,namely Langmuir, Freudlich, and linear partition. The results showed that adsorption of Remazol Black B on the sterilized sludge reached equilibrium in 4 h. It also indicated that pH had significant effect on anoxic sludge adsorption behavior. The adsorption capacity of anoxic sludge decreased with the increase of pH value and the maximum adsorption capacity of dyes occurred at pH = 3. The adsorptive capacities increased with the decrease of temperature and increase of sulphate concentration. Results also indicated that the adsorption equilibrium of Remazol Black B on anoxic sludge could be well fitted by Freundlich model.     

Improved Performance of Membrane Bioreactor by Sludge Ozonation for Reduction of Excess Sludge Production

To seek for an alternative solution for the treatment and disposal of excess activated sludge, a hybrid system of membrane bioreactor ( MBR) coupled with ozonation process (i.e., ozonation run) was set up to treat the domestic wastewater. A reference run without ozonation was also preformed as a control. The optimal ozone dose of solubilization in the ozonation run was firstly determined through the batch sludge ozonation tests. A 40-day continuous operation of the two parallel systems demonstrated that circulation of ozonized sludge as lysate did not impact the performance of MBR in terms of organic and ammonia removal. On the contrary, an improvement in TN removal (by 7.7%) and sludge reduction (by 54%) was observed in the ozonation-combined MBR, and it was furthermore illustrated by the calculation of the mass balance based on the COD and TN substances. In addition,ozonation did not deteriorate the sludge activities for the ozonation run, indicating that not much inert organic materials built up in the bioreactor. Decreased VSS/SS ratio and lower amount of filamentous bacteria after ozonation treatment on the other hand improved the sludge settleability, as lower and constant Sluge Volume Index (SVI) values were detected in the ozonation run.     

经济欠发达地区市政污泥脱水工艺的选择

污泥脱水是市政污泥处理处置的重要环节,但如何选择经济而有效的污泥脱水工艺却一直是道难题,尤其是在经济欠发达地区城市。文章通过对市政污泥特性的研究,对比分析可选脱水工艺的利弊,结合经济欠发达地区城市的实际情况,认为污泥干化床工艺是较为理想的市政污泥脱水工艺。     

炼油厂剩余污泥中温厌氧消化处理试验研究

针对中国石油锦州石化公司污水处理厂的剩余污泥采取动态半连续流中温厌氧消化试验,进行污泥减量化及资源化的中试研究。对系统进行每天定量投配生污泥,考察不同停留时间污泥系统中pH值、VFA、碱度、固相及液相COD的参数变化情况以及COD、VSS的降解情况。结果表明：锦州石化公司剩余活性污泥有较好的消化性能,消化周期为20～25d,COD去除率为70.3%,VSS去除率为55.6%,1kgCOD产气量为0.33m3。污泥混合物实现了剩余污泥的减量化与资源化。     

常温生活污水EGSB反应器颗粒污泥的特性

为研究生活污水EGSB反应器内的颗粒污泥特性,考察了运行条件的影响.结果表明,15℃以上时缩短水利停留时间(HRT)可提高COD去除率.HRT从1.6 h缩短至0.6 h,平均COD去除率从77%增加至82%.水力和基质的过负荷都会加速颗粒污泥解体.上升流速为2.8～3.1 m/h、容积负荷率(VLR)低于(12.9±7.6)kg/(m3·d)时,污泥粒径分布相对稳定;上升流速为3.8 m/h、冲击负荷为38 kg/(m3·d)时,则造成明显的污泥解体.高负荷运行有利于增加颗粒内部生物密度,但过度剪切造成的污泥破碎和粒径过小也会加剧洗出,尤其在低温条件下.缩短HRT可提高颗粒污泥活性.20℃以上,HRT从1.6 h缩短至0.75 h后,污泥比产甲烷活性(SMA)由0.85 g/(g·d)(VSS)增加至1.11g/(g·d)(VSS).长期低温驯化后,甲烷菌得以富集,10℃、HRT为2 h时,SMA增加至1.21 g/(g·d)(VSS).扫描电镜观察发现,颗粒污泥不同部位呈现明显的菌群分区现象.     

生态环境城市污泥厌氧消化预处理技术的研究

城市污泥的厌氧消化既可以解决污泥对环境的污染问题,又可以实现污泥的资源化,是污泥处置的理想途径、由于污泥固体的生物可降解性低,影响了污泥的厌氧消化。本文综述了强化污泥厌氧消化的几种预处理技术,包括热解、碱处理、臭氧氧化、超声处理和辐射法,为提高厌氧消化效率开辟了新的途径。     

SBAR中好氧颗粒污泥的培养与应用研究

以普通絮状活性污泥为接种污泥,采用人工配制的模拟生活污水,通过逐步缩短沉降时间的方法,在SBAR中成功地培养出了成熟的好氧颗粒污泥。颗粒污泥的SVI为19．97mL／g,粒径在0．45～2．0mm之间,平均沉降速率为45．62m／h,SOUR为47．68g／kg·h,均优于普通絮状污泥。通过扫描电镜观察,颗粒污泥表面粗糙,轮廓清晰,分布着一些沟壑和微小孔道,微生物以杆菌和球菌为主。研究表明,该好氧颗粒污泥反应器具有良好的去除COD和NH4^＋-N的能力,去除率分别达到93％和98％以上,对TP的去除率也达到了60％左右。     

污水厂污泥固结特性研究

污水厂污泥难以脱水减量已成为污水处理行业的重要问题,机械脱水的本质就是污泥的固结排水过程,因此通过固结试验研究污泥的固结特性,对于进一步提高脱水效率具有重要意义。在固结试验过程中采用何种固结稳定判定标准,对污泥固结特性的研究具有非常重要的影响。通过对固结仪进行改进增加孔压计和位移传感器,对2种污水厂污泥和1种湖泊淤泥进行了试验,研究了他们固结特性的区别。结果表明:污泥的固结时间非常长,应将超净孔隙水应力消散到3%作为固结稳定标准;污泥的固结系数与渗透系数非常小,且随着固结压力的增大而减小非常明显。同时通过分析,认为污泥中存在的大量有机物絮体是造成污泥固结时间非常长、水分难以排出的主要原因。     

污泥中铜、锌元素有效态和形态受酸碱度影响的研究

为研究污泥中重金属的迁移性,采用室内试验研究了酸碱度对污泥中铜、锌有效态和形态的影响。试验结果表明:低pH值可以促进重金属铜、锌的释放,高pH值促进重金属铜、锌的沉淀。重金属铜在污泥溶液中主要以氧化态和残渣态为主,稳定性强,迁移性和生物活性较弱,重金属锌在污泥溶液中酸溶态/交换态和还原态含量较高,其迁移性和生物活性较强,随着溶液pH值的升高,重金属铜、锌逐渐向氧化态和残渣态转化,稳定性增强,迁移性和生物活性有所降低。     

论城市污泥的处理

介绍了国内外污泥处理的现状及各种污泥处理方法,通过对各种污泥利用方案进行比较,找出了适合我国污泥无害化处理的先进技术以及制约我国污泥处理的因素.