厌氧氨氧化反应器启动及污泥产率系数测定

在膨胀颗粒污泥床中接种厌氧颗粒污泥,采用间歇进水、间歇出水方式运行210 d,成功启动了厌氧氨氧化反应器.在总氮容积负荷为0.11 kg/(m3*d)下,氨氮去除率达75%,亚硝酸盐氮去除率达85%,污泥颜色由原来的黑色渐渐变为棕色,厌氧颗粒污泥逐渐解体,新的厌氧氨氧化污泥颗粒粒径较小.氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮去除量和硝酸盐氮生成量的比例为1:1.1:0.18.在对厌氧氨氧化过程电子流分析基础上,建立了厌氧氨氧化细胞产率系数与NH 4、NO-2去除量和NO-3生成量之间的计量学关系,估算出厌氧氨氧化菌产率系数为0.080 mol CH2O0.5N0.15/mol NH 4.     

厌氧氨氧化去除垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的实验

以市政污水处理厂浓缩池污泥作为种泥,采用升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)作为厌氧氨氧化反应器,对垃圾渗滤液的脱氮进行3个月的连续实验.实验结果表明,厌氧氨氧化反应器对氨氮具有去除效果,且去除率呈上升趋势,月均去除率第1个月为13.1%,第2个月为27.9%,第3个月上升至39.8%.显微镜检验表明,种泥结构松散,启动运行3个月后,污泥密实且具有良好的颗粒性状;从色泽上比较,种泥为灰色,启动后的污泥略显红色,可见实验过程培养出了厌氧氨氧化细菌.     

Distribution of ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells in amphioxus, Branchiostoma belcheri – A study of immunohistochemistry

The distribution of ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells in amphioxus （Branchiostoma belcheri） was investigated by using immunohistochemical staining with rabbit antiserum against synthetical mammalian ghrelin. The results showed that ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells were distributed widely in the nervous system, Hatschek＇s pit, wheel organ, digestive tract and gonads （ovary and testis）. In nervous system, ghrelin-like immunoreactive neurons and their protrusions were distributed specifically on the dorsal side, ventral side and funnel part of brain vesicle, with a few dispersive immunoreactive nerve cells and their fibers in nerve tube. Ghrelin-like immunoreactivities were also detected in Hatschek＇s pit epithelial cells and wheel organ cells, with positive substance located along cell membrane. In digestive tract, ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells existed in hepatic diverticulum, anterior and posterior region of midgut, and could be classified into two types, closed- and opened-type endocrine cells. The number of positive cells was most in hepatic diverticulum, secondary in posterior region of midgut and least in anterior region of midgut. In gonads, ghrelin-like immunoreactive substance was detected in oogonia, oocytes and follicle cells in ovary at the small and large growth stages and in early spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells in testis. The extensive distribution of ghrelin-like cells in amphioxus suggested that these kinds of cells are conservative in evolution and diversified in function. At the same time, we found for the first time that ghrelin-like immunoreactive cells existed in brain vesicle and Hatschek＇s pit, which provided new morphological evidence for the existence of an activation pathway between brain vesicle and Hatschek＇s pit for the regulation of growth hormone excretion.     

纤维素复合酶对小麦和玉米秸秆预消化效果的研究

本试验表明,小麦和玉米秸秆经过纤维素复合酶预消化后,与对照相比,ADF和NDF降解以及增加还原糖的效果差异极显著（P〈0.01）;在40%高水分和45℃高温度的条件下,小麦秸秆和玉米秸秆处理30 m in后,其ADF和NDF的降解以及增加还原糖含量的效果显著（P〈0.05）。     

从污水中分离出菌株DB1去除地下水硝酸盐实验

文章通过定时测定培养液中NO3--N、NO2--N和细菌浓度,分别研究了菌株DB1在水和含水层中反硝化的能力;结果表明,该菌株在水中可使NO3--N的去除率达到96.16%,在模拟含水层中能够彻底去除NO3--N,去除率达到100%;NO3--N的去除和NO2--N的积累主要发生在细菌对数生长期,NO2--N的去除主要在稳定期和衰亡期.     

微生物燃料电池与传统厌氧消化处理人工废水的比较

通过微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC)与传统厌氧消化(conventional anaerobic digestion,CAD)的比较试验,考察了对高浓度葡萄糖和硫酸盐人工废水的处理效果.MFC在获得一定能量的同时(I=0.16mA,P=4.76mw/m2),有效去除水中有机物,去除率高于CAD.葡萄糖为碳源,初始TOC=2100mg/L,运行144h,MFC获得91.61%去除率,CAD获得58.85%去除率;初始NH3一N为500mg/L,MFC中去除率最高达92.61%,CAD达72.38%;MFC中对硫酸盐的利用率和CH4产生量都低于CAD;比较结果表明,MFC技术可提高处理高浓度有机废水的效果.     

四川理工学院、泸州老窖股份有限公司 科研奖学金首届项目发布

<正>四川理工学院与泸州老窖股份有限公司共同设立的"泸州老窖科研奖学金"资助项目正式启动。2008年10月9日,双方在我校汇东校区学术报告厅举行了奖学金签约仪式暨首届项目发布会,厌氧流化床处理白酒废水的研究等23项课题获准立项。     

腹腔镜下行胃十二指肠穿孔15例

目的探讨腹腔镜下胃、十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补术的治疗。方法在腹腔镜监视下,尽量吸净腹腔内溢出的胃肠内容物后,使用腹腔镜行胃、十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补术。结果14例获成功,平均手术时间80min,术后2～3d进流质饮食,5～7d出院,无1例出现并发症。结论腹腔镜下胃、十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补术具有创伤小,术后患者康复快、肠粘连发生率低等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

污水处理厂剩余污泥中高温厌氧消化对比试验

针对城市污水处理厂剩余污泥采取中温(33℃)和高温(57℃)厌氧消化对比试验,进行污泥减量化与资源化研究。结果表明:在高温条件下进行污泥消化处理要比中温下进行污泥消化处理的效率高出一倍;污泥投配率增加时,挥发性脂肪酸的浓度急剧上升,pH值下降,当反应器趋于稳定时,挥发性脂肪酸的浓度开始下降,相应的pH值也缓慢回升,污泥上清液碱度在每个投配率下基本上是呈先下降后上升的趋势;在高温下pH、VFA、碱度随着污泥投配率的变化要小于中温条件下消化反应的变化情况。     

海藻曾出现在6亿年前

大约在6亿年前,地球上还是一片死寂,寒武纪生命大爆发还没有发生,地球上缺少形形色色的生命形式。就在现在我国中部蓝田村所在的位置,当时被一片无氧的海洋所覆盖,那里就像一个厌氧的"大盆",显得更加死气沉沉,因为在厌氧的环境中,大型、复杂、需要依靠氧气生