南海北缘琼南缝合带的存在

利用南海地区的综合地球物理探测资料，包括多道反射地震、海底地震、重力、磁力资料、古地磁以及钻孔等资料，详细进行了沉积地层学、地震地层学、岩浆岩、变质岩、地球化学、重力学、磁力学、古地磁学及大地构造的综合分析，发现了南海北部边缘存在一条前新生代的古缝合带——“琼南缝合带”．它西起海南岛南部九所一陵水断裂带，向东经南海北部陆坡，与台湾寿丰断层相连．琼南缝合带的缝合时代大致为印支期，为古特提斯主洋盆在南海地区的延伸段——“琼南海盆”的遗迹．该缝合带的形成标志着琼南地块向琼中地块的拼贴．琼南缝合带往西过红河-万纳走滑断裂带南段可与碧土-昌宁-孟连-劳勿-文冬古特提斯主缝合带南延段相连，往东在台湾的东北侧过马尼拉海沟断裂带的北延段则与西南日本隐岐-飞弹（Oki—Hida）前侏罗纪地体群南缘侵位缝合带相连．琼南缝合带的发现，对研究南海海区前新生代大地构造格局和前新生代海相残余-叠加型盆地的油气地质研究具有重要意义．     

南海东北部障碍层特征及其形成机制

南海东北部(16°~25°N, 112°~124°E)存在显著的障碍层分布. 障碍层发生概率秋季最大(45.7%), 夏季次之(31.1%), 春季最小(23.3%). 吕宋海峡及其以西的南海东北部中心海域(18°~22°N, 112°~120°E)障碍层年发生几率约为40.0%, 中国台湾海峡南端、台湾岛南端东西两侧、台湾岛以东(22°~24°N, 122°~124°E)和吕宋岛东北海域(18°~20°N, 122°~124°E)障碍层年发生几率分别为19.0%, 61.1%, 33.3%和80.0%; 其他海域障碍层年发生几率偏小. 层结机制和降水机制分别是南海东北部春季(特别是冬末春初)和夏、秋季障碍层形成的主要原因, TRMM卫星观测为后者提供了可靠的依据.     

紫外线B(UVB) 对中国南部海湾浮游植物光合作用速率的影响

紫外线B(UVB)能抑制浮游植物的光合作用. 但紫外线在水中会较快的衰减, 因此在水柱中UVB抑制浮游植物光合作用的程度也不同. 此研究的目的是: 定量研究UVB对水柱中浮游植物的光合速率和光量子产额垂直分布的影响, 以及在浮游植物有不同光暴露历史的情况下UVB对浮游植物的抑制率. 在亚热带的广东沿岸海湾(澳头的一个半封闭水域)的实验表明: 在自然光(有UVB)照射下时, 水柱的光合作用速率(P)和光量子产额(Φ_max)比在无UVB照射下更小, 其中最大光合作用速率(P_max)比在无UVB照射下减少了11% ~ 22%, 最大光量子产额Φ_max减少了17% ~ 49%. 文中用了简化的模型(指数衰减曲线函数)来描述水柱中UVB光合作用的抑制率的垂直分布, 并计算出UVB对整个水柱的光合抑制率. 光变换实验中, 表层和底层(4 m)的水分装到几个平行瓶中进行有UVB和没UVB的培养; 实验表明在相同的UVB照射下, 相对于表层浮游植物的光合作用速率, 底层(4 m)浮游植物将更容易受UVB的抑制.     

The assimilation experiment in the southwestern South China Sea in summer 2000

We performed an assimilation experiment of the southern South China Sea in summer 2000, and the altimeter data were assimilated into Princeton Ocean Model （POM）. The result was evaluated with the in situ data. There were obvious improvements of the currents in the southern South China Sea, and the modeling uncertainty coming from the error of wind stress forcing was reduced. This experiment provides us a new idea about improving the modeling of the ocean currents.     

Long-range correlations in remotely sensed chlorophyll in the South China Sea

A 8-year time series of 8-day Seaviewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor （SeaWiFS） data, which spans from Oct 1997 to Oct 2005, was used to study the temporal correlations and scaling behaviour of ocean chlorophyll fluctuations in the South China Sea （SCS） by means of detrended fluctuation analysis （DFA）. Long-range correlations in chlorophyll fluctuations were detected in almost all the SCS. The scaling exponents vary over a wide range from 0.5 to 1.14, with an average value of 0.79. High values are found in the upwelling regions, such as the northwest of Luzon and the north of Sunda Shelf. Low values occur in the southwest of Luzon, the east of Hainan Island and a majority of the southern SCS. This spatial pattern is considerably different from that of the scaling exponents of the sea surface temperature （SST） time series. It is also demonstrated that SST exhibits more persistence than chlorophyll in almost all the SCS.     

Crustal activities recorded in coral reefs in the northwestern South China Sea

Coral reefs in the northwest of South China Sea have recorded the information from not only the environmental variation but also the crustal activities there during their development. The main crustal activities correlated with the coral reef development include fault, seismic, and volcano activities, etc. The high-resolution spark seismic profiles in the northwestern South China Sea show that the fault activities in the coral reef region have been clearly recorded, and appear as neonatal faults incising reefs. Earthquakes in the coral reef region are rather intense, especially the two occurring on December, 31, 1994, and January, 10, 1995, around the southwest of Leizhou Peninsula, with the magnitude of 6.1 and 6.2, respectively. They have great influence on the growth of the local coral reefs. Quaternary volcanos are active in the northwestern South China Sea, especially around the southwest of Leizhou Peninsula, and they have obvious control of the coral reef development. Some submarine volcanoes form the substrates of coral reef, while a few emerge above the sea surface and form coral islands.     

Coral cover as a proxy of disturbance： A case study of the biodiversity of the hermatypic corals in Yongxing Island, Xisha Islands in the South China Sea

The Yongxing Island is the biggest island of Xisha Islands in the middle part of the South China Sea. It occupies 1.8 square kilometers of land area and has permanent residence on it. There are only a few papers on the coral community of the Xisha Islands, reporting the species composition, structure and zonations of the hermatypic coral community in 1970s. The present study describes the hermatypic coral community based on the quadrat survey after almost 30 years in Yongxing Island in August 2002. It was the first time to present the percent cover data of live corals of Yongxing Island via a systematic scheme of quantitative quadrat sampling. The average total percent cover of the live coral is 68.4%. We found the total percent cover （TPC） could be an idea proxy of the overall disturbance regime impinging on the coral community. TPC can be used as an integrated measure of disturbance to coral reef. Using this surrogate, the best fit relation between TPC of the live corals and species richness, species diversity, or the species evenness is the unimodal second-order polymorphic parabola equation. This result is expected by the intermediate disturbance hypothesis （IDH）. From the fitted parabola equations, we calculated the best TPCs corresponding to the maximal species richness, the highest species diversity, or the most evenness respectively. They are surprisingly stabilized between 55% and 58%. Coral cover is the basic parameter widely available for most observation, research or monitoring programs. The good qualitative characteristics of percent cover provide powerful tool for the experimental, theoretical and modeling studies of coral reef in response to the disturbance.     

西沙群岛海域管水母类（SIPHONOPHORA）分类的研究

我国西沙群岛位于海南岛东南170多浬，它由宣德群岛、永乐群岛等三十多个岛屿、沙滩、暗礁所组成，具有独特的热带珊瑚礁和深海大洋性的生态特点。海洋生物种类繁多、资源丰富，是南海重要渔场之一。对西沙群岛海域海洋生物种类、分布及生态等进行调查研究，对进一步开发、利用和保护自然资源等方面都具有重要意义。     

南海潜在海啸源危险性的定量分析

利用COMCOT模型, 分析马尼拉海沟一个潜在海啸源的危险性。通过改变震级和震源深度两个海啸初始场信息, 揭示海啸登陆中国沿海地区时的首波波幅与二者的定量关系。结果表明: 震源深度对首波波幅的影响幅度可以达到50%, 地震震级不同, 震源深度对首波波幅的影响趋势也不同; 海啸登陆时的首波波幅基本上随着震级的增加而加大, 但由于海啸波会与近岸的反射波互相叠加, 可能导致在海啸传播至近岸过程中首波登陆波幅异常减小; 震级达到Mw 8.6时, 海啸等级为1级, 部分沿海地区会遭受海啸威胁。     

南海夏季风对热带海洋海温异常强迫响应的GEFA估算

利用1948至2007年美国国家环境预报中心/美国国家大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)的再分析资料和扩展重建Reynolds的1948～2007年逐月海表温距平资料第三版(ERSSTv3)海温距平资料,运用广义平衡反馈分析法的截断EOF方法,通过估算南海海区纬向风对毗邻的热带海洋各海盆海温异常的响应,量化了南海夏季风对各海盆海温异常型的响应程度。发现:在夏季样南海地区纬向风对热带太平洋第一模态(TP1)、热带太平洋第二模态(TP2)、南太平洋第一模态(SP1)、热带印度洋第一模态(TI1)、南印度洋第一模态(SI1)有着显著的响应,其中,TP1响应最强,TP2的响应与TP1的响应反相,但受限于起海温强迫常小于TP1,以至于其响应振幅在常年远小于TP1。