N-苯基马来酰亚胺、苯乙烯和马来酸酐三元共聚及热分解动力学

合成了N-苯基马来酰亚胺、苯乙烯和马来酸酐三元共聚物,采用红外光谱法对其结构进行了表征,并利用TG,DTG和DSC热分析技术对该共聚物的耐热性能及热分解动力学进行了分析,探讨了其热分解机理.结果表明:该共聚物的热分解受单机理控制,初始热分解温度为637K;683K后热分解速率迅速增大,703K时达到最大,在761K时分解基本结束;共聚物在氮气中失重20%和50%时的温度分别为679K和700K,玻璃化转变温度为485 K;根据K issinger法求得非等温条件下共聚物热分解的表观活化能为173.21 kJ/mol,指前因子为3.293 9×1012m in-1,由Crane法求得其反应级数为0.94.     

带斯塔克势的非线性Schroedinger方程L^2集中性质

讨论了带斯塔克势的非线性Schroedinger方程爆破解的定性性质，运用一个变量替换建立了带斯塔克势的非线性Schroedinger方程与不带势的经典非线性Schroedinger方程之间的联系．结合经典非线性Schroedinger方程的性质，进一步研究了临界的带斯塔克势的非线性Schroedinger方程爆破解的结构，证明了其爆破解具有L^2集中性质．特别地，当初始值条件径向对称时，证明了原点O为集中点．     

几种铈盐的热分解过程及非等温热分解动力学研究

利用TG—DTG—DTA热分析技术研究了二水合碳酸亚铈、九水合草酸亚铈、六水合硝酸亚铈三种铈盐的热分解过程．发现二水合碳酸亚铈在75-180℃下脱去2mol水生成无水碳酸亚铈，后者在220—300℃下分解脱去CO2生成CeO2；九水合草酸亚铈在100-180℃下脱去9mol水生成无水草酸亚铈，后者在290—380℃下分解并同时脱去CO和CO2生成CeO2；而六水合硝酸亚铈在60—80℃下首先脱去3．5mol水生成含2．5个结晶水的硝酸亚铈，后者在190-250℃下脱去2．5mol结晶水生成无水硝酸亚铈，在258—310℃下硝酸亚铈热分解脱去NO2和O2并生成CeO2．采用外推法研究了九水合草酸亚铈两步热分解过程的动力学，由不同升温速率下的热分析曲线及外推β→0获得了相应的固相热分解反应所遵循的分解机理及动力学参数．发现九水合草酸亚铈脱水过程遵循球形对称的三维扩散机理，即Jander方程G（α）=G（α）=[1-（1-α）^1/3]^2，动力学参数E=180．9kJ／mol、lnA=63．5s^-1；而脱CO和CO2过程遵循成核和生长机理，即Avrami-Erofeev方程G（α）=[-ln（1-α）]^1/1.5，动力学参数E=115．4kJ／mol，lnA=22．0s^-1．     

试论混沌和急动度之关系

三维相空间是混沌和急动度之间的重要联系纽带.猝变动力学为人们提供了一种新的思维方式.急动度是研究混沌流的有效工具.     

水溶液中氯仿的热力学性质的测定

本文把化学平衡的原理应用于相平衡,利用对氯仿的亨利常数及温度对亨利常数的影响的测定可以算出平衡常数Kθ,用Kθ算出ΔgaqGθm,用ΔgaqGθm算出ΔfGθm(CHCl3,aq,298K),用[(e)(ΔgaqGθm)/((e)T)]p=-ΔgaqSθm算出ΔgaqSθm(298K),最后算出Sθm(CHCl3,aq,298K)、ΔfHθm(CHCl3,aq,298K).亨利常数是利用顶空色谱法测定的,是利用顶空色谱峰面积的倒数与气液比之间的线性关系测定了不同温度下氯仿的亨利常数值.     

朊圆酵母尿酸酶的基本特性研究

研究了尿酸酶分离纯化条件和pH、温度、底物浓度、一些有机和无机试剂对尿酸酶酶促反应速度的影响.研究结果表明,用Triton X-100及巯基乙醇处理细胞悬液(pH 8.5),再用超声波处理破碎细胞效果最佳.硫酸铵沉淀尿酸酶的最佳浓度为75%.用Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B疏水层析和Xanthine-agarose亲和层析两步纯化步骤可获得理想纯度的酶制剂.在一定的条件下,尿酸酶的最适pH和酸碱稳定pH范围分别为8.5和5.0~12.最适温度为37℃;热稳定性较好,在50℃处理30 min时     

Differences between dynamics factors for interannual and decadal variations of rainfall over the Yangtze River valley during flood seasons

The prediction of rainfall in the Yangtze River valley, especially, during flood seasons is the main means for scientists in China working on and the understanding of rainfall-associated processes is a crucial component of this effort. It can be derived f…     

Temporal-spatial dynamics of distribution patterns of microorganism relating to biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert

Biological soil crusts serve as an important biological factor contributing to the sand fixation. This study was conducted to investigate the temporal-spatial variability of microorganism in crusts relating to locations, soil layers of sand dunes and seasons. At moss-dominated inter-dune areas, higher soil nutrient and water concentrations were likely to maintain the microbial activities. Bacteria showed the highest capabilities of settlement and growth in inter-dunes in both spring and autumn. Soil water content reached the highest value in soil crusts in the inter-dune areas, especially in spring. Variations of quantities of actinomyces and fungi basically showed the consistent trend in different locations of sand dunes. With the deepening of soil layers, vertical distribution of quantities of each microorganism group showed different characteristics because environmental factors fluctuated in both spring and autumn. Among different microorganism groups, bacteria were predominant, actinomyces the next and fungi the least in both spring and autumn in all soil layers （0-20 cm）. The proportion of bacteria and soil water content were higher in spring than those in autumn in all soil layers （0-20 cm）. No consistent trends were found in actinomyces and fungi. The results showed that the quantities of microorganisms were significantly positive correlated with organic matter content, soil water content, total N, total P, available P, available K, pH, electrical conductivity, total salt content,catalase, urease, phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase.     

空气动力学中的数学方法

空气动力学尚没有统一的研究方法，本书全面地介绍各种数学模型，并给出这些模型的数值求解方法及一些计算结果。全书分为11章和6个附录。第1章理想流体的方程；第2章线性空气动力学方程和它的基本解；第3章亚声速流中的无限翼面；第4章边界元法在亚声速流无限翼面中的应用；第5章亚声速流中的有限翼面理论、举力面理论；第6章举力线理论；     

PrCo1-xMgxO3 纳米晶的制备及磁学性质研究

采用Sol-Gel法制备了PrCo1-xMgxO3稀土复合氧化物纳米晶，用SEM观察了其微粒的大小及形貌．用XRD进行了物相及烧成温度分析，确定其为钙钛矿立方型结构．用7404型振动磁强计（VSM）测定了其矫顽力、磁滞回线、饱和化强度（Ms）和剩余磁化强度（Mr），确认PrCo1-xMgxO3的磁学性质随x的变化规律．