从苦荞麦中提取芦丁的研究

本文采用碱提取酸沉淀加醇类的方法，从苦荞麦中提取芦丁，较好地解决了过滤和干燥难的问题，既提高了收率，又降低了成本。     

燕麦中蛋白质的提取、纯化及氨基酸成分分析

利用不同浓度的NaCl溶液和复合酶对燕麦蛋白质进行提取试验,结果表明:最佳的工艺条件为,温度40℃,盐浓度8%,复合酶用量3.5 g(U/g),反应时间4 h;燕麦蛋白质提取率为67.5%,蛋白质纯度达到91.4%,蛋白质含量为15.2%.燕麦蛋白质氨基酸分析表明:氨基酸含量丰富,尤其是人体所必需的氨基酸齐全,比例适当.     

一维拉伸的本构方程不能直接推广处理二维胀形的力学问题

超塑性成形已经在形状复杂、尺寸精度高的零部件加工中得到广泛的应用, 并有良好的发展前景. 然而, 超塑性成形均处于多向应力状态. 但是, 长期以来, 均把单向拉伸的本构方程直接推广处理多向的理论问题. 这在定量处理中是否正确, 亟需理论证明. 首先简述了超塑性一维拉伸和二维胀形变m值本构方程的建立, 并结合从连续介质塑性力学基本理论所导出的自由胀形的等效应力σ 和等效应变速率 的解析式, 分别用拉伸和胀形的本构方程导出了超塑自由胀形最佳加压规律的解析表达式. 进而结合典型超塑性合金ZnAl22实验数据进行了定量比较. 结果判明, 不能把单向拉伸的本构方程直接推广处理二维胀形的定量力学问题, 处理胀形的定量力学问题, 必须用在胀形应力状态下建立的二维胀形的本构方程.     

基于吸收分析的多属性反演技术及在油田开发中的应用

为了满足油藏开发阶段砂体内部油水识别的需求,提出了基于地层吸收分析的多属性反演流体识别技术。算法实现分三步:1利用基于广义S变换的瞬时子波吸收分析(GST_WEA)油气预测技术计算地震记录的高、低频吸收因子;2结合吸收因子和其它与流体相关的地震属性,以电阻率曲线为目标函数构建多元线性反演,利用多元逐步回归算法对包括吸收因子在内的多种地震属性进行流体敏感性排序;3进一步利用概率神经网络算法对优选的以吸收因子为主的地震属性进行多属性电阻率反演。通过模型分析验证了GST_WEA油气预测技术的抗噪性。实际应用效果表明吸收因子较其他地震属性具有更高的流体敏感性,通过多属性反演有效预测了砂体内部的含油优势区域。     

Space experimental studies of microgravity fluid science in China

Microgravity fluid physics is an important part of microgravity sciences, which consists of simple fluids of many new systems, gas-liquid two-phase flow and heat transfer, and complex fluid mechanics. In addition to the importance of itself in sciences and applications, microgravity fluid physics closely relates to microgravity combustion, space biotechnology and space materials science, and promotes the developments of interdisciplinary fields. Many space microgravity experiments have been performed on board the recoverable satellites and space ships of China and pushed the rapid development of microgravity sciences in China. In the present paper, space experimental studies and the main results of the microgravity fluid science in China in the last 10 years or so are introduced briefly.     

He-Ar isotopic system of fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in south margin of North China Block and its trace to metallogenetic and geodynamic background

The helium and argon isotopic compositions of the ore-forming fluids from the molybdenum deposits such as Jinduicheng, Donggou, Shijiawan, and Sandaozhuang, which are located in the East Qinling molybdenum belt in south margin of North China Block （SMCNB）, are reported in this paper. The origin and the evolution of the ore-forming fluids and their coupled-relationships with the intra-continental collision and orogenic process of Qinling Orogen in Mesozoic-Cenozoic have been discussed. The 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar values （3He/4He=1.38-3.64 Ra, and 40Ar/36Ar=295.68-346.39, respectively） of the fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in East Qinling suggest that, the ore-forming fluid system is mixed by two end members. One is the high temperature deep-derived fluid congenetic with the porphyries generated by crust-mantle mixing, and the other is the low-temperature meteoric water which is rich in crustal radiogenic He with the component of atmospheric Ar. From the Pb isotopic composition, and ore-bearing potential of the porphyry and the regional stratum, we can conclude that the ore-forming materials of the deposits in the East Qinling molybdenum belt are derived from the deep source by the mixing of lower crust and upper mantle. Therefore, the formation of the molybdenum deposits in SMNCB can be related to the crust-mantle interaction, which is accompanied by the intra-continental orogenic and extension process in the post-collision period of Qinling Orogen. The granitic porphyries which are related to Mo mineralization are not simple crust-remelting type granites or S type granites, but belong to syntexis-type or mantle-derived granites, hence their formation has a profound and regional geodynamic background.     

Field synergy principle of heat and mass transfer

Simultaneous heat and mass transfer widely exists in nature and engineering, and it is of vital importance to enhance heat and mass transfer efficiency. In this paper, field synergy equation of heat and mass transfer is derived from its energy equation. Results show that the total transferred heat （including the conducted heat and the heat transferred by mass diffusion through the heat transfer interface） is determined by the values of fluid velocity and enthalpy gradient as well as the value of synergy angle α of velocity vector and enthalpy gradient field. Decreasing the value of α enhances the heat and mass transfer. This means the higher the synergy of velocity vector and enthalpy gradient field, the higher the total transferred heat. By the synergy principle of heat and mass transfer, some methods may be developed to improve the heat and mass transfer efficiency.     

新型低温哨音超流体陀螺模型

针对应用超流体发展高精度新型陀螺的可行性,研究利用交流约瑟夫森效应的低温超流体陀螺原理和典型方案. 首先对陀螺的交流约瑟夫森效应、转动信息与交流约瑟夫森频率关系以及检测等环节建模,并进行系统仿真. 验证了陀螺敏感恒定角速度（地球自转）的过程,进一步研究变输入角速度跟踪、敏感面积及薄膜面积等结构参数对精度的影响. 仿真结果表明,应用交流约瑟夫森效应的低温超流体陀螺原理发展新型高精度陀螺仪是可行的.     

络合萃取对煤制气洗涤废水中酚的回收

用磷酸三丁酯(TBP)和煤油组成溶剂萃取体系有机相,对煤制气洗涤过程中产生的高浓度含酚废水进行了萃取和反萃处理研究.探讨了影响苯酚萃取的因素如废水pH和TBP体积分数,考察了反萃剂氢氧化钠溶液质量分数对反萃效果的影响;同时,对萃取和反萃过程中有机相的重复使用问题进行了研究.实验结果表明,当废水的pH=3～6时,一级萃取率可达90%以上,CODCr去除率达到80%以上;二级萃取率达到40%左右,苯酚总的萃取率达到95%以上;当氢氧化钠溶液质量分数为4%～10%时,反萃率可达80%以上;TBP-煤油有机相可在萃取和反萃的过程中多次重复使用.